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PubMed2026

Indications, Techniques and Complications Associated With Pterygoid Implants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pterygoid implants represent a graftless option for rehabilitation of patients with posterior maxillary atrophy, engaging the dense cortical bone of the pterygomaxillary complex. Despite clinical growth, a comprehensive synthesis of indications, surgical techniques, and complications is lacking. This review evaluated the prevalence of complications, implant survival rates, and marginal bone loss (MBL) associated with pterygoid implant placement. METHODS: The reporting of this review follows PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Six electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, WoS, CENTRAL, and Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source) were searched from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2025. Included criteria comprised randomized and non-randomized clinical studies reporting outcomes of pterygoid implants (≥ 13 mm) in adult patients with posterior maxillary atrophy (minimum 10 implants). Risk of bias was assessed using JBI critical appraisal checklists. Proportions were pooled using the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation under a random-effects model. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. RESULTS: Seventeen studies reporting 846 patients and 1915 pterygoid implants were included. The pooled survival rate was 97.9% (95% CI: 97.1%-98.6%; I2 = 0%; 14 studies) and the overall failure rate was 2.1% (95% CI: 1.4%-3.0%). Early failure rate was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.0%-3.0%; I2 = 59.5%). Late failure and MBL were summarized narratively. Certainty of evidence was low to very low. CONCLUSIONS: Pterygoid implants demonstrate excellent survival (97.9%) and low failure rates (2.1%), primarily early, supporting their reliability as a graftless solution for posterior maxillary atrophy. Complications appear infrequent though heterogeneously reported. Low evidence certainty necessitates prospective studies with standardized outcome reporting.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors as a bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in classical Hodgkin lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment landscape for relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL); however, a substantial subset of patients ultimately requires allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) to achieve long-lasting disease control. The use of ICIs as a bridge to allo-HCT has therefore gained increasing clinical interest, though concerns persist regarding post-transplant complications and incompletely-defined safety profiles. Accordingly, this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate outcomes of ICIs administered prior to allo-HCT in cHL. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across online databases through January 2026. Eligible studies included observational designs reporting survival and transplant-related outcomes in cHL patients treated with ICIs followed by allo-HCT. Pooled proportions for overall survival, progression-free survival, non-relapse mortality, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) incidence were calculated using a random-effects model. Seven studies comprising 739 patients were included. Post-transplant survival outcomes were favorable, with high pooled estimates across timepoints. Transplant-related mortality remained low, with NRM rates consistently within an acceptable range through long-term follow-up. Acute GVHD was observed at a meaningful frequency, including a smaller subset of severe cases, while chronic GVHD occurred in approximately one-quarter of patients at follow-up. Overall, these findings suggest that ICI therapy prior to allo-HCT in cHL is associated with encouraging survival and disease control and does not appear to confer excessive non-relapse mortality, supporting its use as a feasible and effective bridging strategy, while underscoring the need for future prospective studies to clarify optimal timing, risk mitigation strategies, and patient selection.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Exploring Primary Care Clinicians' Sexual and Reproductive Health Care Delivery to Male Adolescents and Young Adults.

INTRODUCTION: Despite existing guidance for adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care, male adolescent SRH care receipt is inadequate. Limited research has explored factors affecting clinicians' provision of SRH care to male adolescents, specifically. METHODS: This mixed-method study with 12 primary care clinicians included a brief survey assessing care delivery practices and confidence, followed by an in-depth interview to explore factors affecting SRH care delivery. RESULTS: Clinicians reported high confidence delivering male adolescent SRH care (mean ± SD: 8.31 ± 1.71 out of 10), but delivered only about half the recommended services (20 items out of 38). Factors influencing care delivery included gaps in education/training, assumptions about male SRH care, and behavioral constraints at various levels. DISCUSSION: Findings underscore the need to strengthen male adolescent SRH care by enhancing provider training, increasing clinic-level supports, and addressing structural barriers. CONCLUSIONS: Findings can inform strategies to improve the quality and comprehensiveness of SRH services for male adolescents in primary care settings.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Design of an innovative framework based hybrid catalyst for simultaneous and sensitive monitoring of food additive and preservative of vanillin and nitrite in direct samples.

As vanillin (VAN) and nitrite (NIT) contamination in the food chain poses substantial threats to environmental and public health, rapid and portable detection is essential. The present study presents the first electrochemical sensor report based on a hybrid composite of Ni-TPA-MOF and MoS2/Co3O4. The oxidation of VAN and NIT exhibited sharp peaks and less over-potential on Ni-TPA-MOF/MoS2/Co3O4/GCE than on control electrode surfaces. On modified composite electrode surfaces, pH and scan rate were investigated for VAN and NIT. Further, the oxidation current exhibited high linearity at VAN and NIT concentrations of 5 nM-1000 μM and 3 nM-1250 μM, with detection limits of 0.102 nM and 0.073 nM (S/N = 3). We also applied anti-interfering ability (five/ten-fold excess of co-interfering compounds) and practical tests to various food-based real samples, with high recoveries of 98.85-102.41%. This study highlights the catalytic properties of Ni-TPA-MOF/MoS2/Co3O4 and demonstrates the sensor as a promising tool for food safety.

Benzaldehydes↗

PubMed2026

Proteomics in environmental pollution research: Advances, challenges, and future directions.

Environmental proteomics has emerged as a powerful approach for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying pollutant-induced biological effects. Although this field has developed rapidly, the systematic review of recent proteomics applications in environmental pollution research remains limited. This review explored the emerging roles of toxicoproteomics in biomarker discovery and mechanistic elucidation, as well as ecotoxicoproteomics in ecological risk assessment and bioremediation strategies. Here, we review the field, highlighting recent trends such as the integration of proteomics with genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to provide a comprehensive view of biological responses to environmental stressors. We further discuss the growing application of artificial intelligence in improving proteomics data interpretation and accelerating biomarker discovery. In addition, recent technological advances in environmental proteomics are highlighted, including next-generation tissue microarray proteomics, nanoscale proteomics, single-cell proteomics, and spatial proteomics. Despite its potential, proteomics faces challenges, such as high operational costs, computational complexity in analysis, and technical limitations in low-abundance protein detection. We propose that the convergence of proteomics with artificial intelligence and multi-omics approaches offers promising solutions to these challenges, enhancing the practical application of proteomics in environmental monitoring and risk assessment.

Proteomics↗

PubMed2026

Recurrence of peripartum cardiomyopathy in subsequent pregnancy stratified by left ventricular function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIMS: Subsequent pregnancy in women with prior peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) carries a risk of relapse and adverse maternal outcomes. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the recurrence of PPCM relapse and associated maternal and foetal outcomes during subsequent pregnancy, stratified by baseline (pre-subsequent pregnancy) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Nine databases were searched through June 2025 for cohort studies reporting subsequent pregnancy outcomes in women with prior PPCM, stratified as recovered (LVEF ≥50%) or non-recovered (LVEF <50%) groups. Outcomes included PPCM relapse, maternal mortality, LVEF during and after pregnancy, LV recovery, symptom worsening, and obstetric/neonatal events. Risk of bias was assessed with ROBINS-E, and random-effects models were used. RESULTS: Six cohort studies comprising 266 women were included (174 in recovered group and 92 in non-recovered group). Relapse occurred in both groups with no significant difference [rate ratio (RR) 0.77, 95% CI 0.50-1.19; I2 = 3%]. Maternal mortality was significantly lower in the recovered group (1.7% vs 10.9%; RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.87; I2 = 0%). Recovered group had higher mean LVEF during subsequent pregnancy (mean difference [MD] 17.0; P < .001), higher postpartum LVEF (MD 11.69; P = .005; I2 = 84%), and greater likelihood of LV recovery (RR 2.07; P = .005; I2 = 0%). No significant differences were observed in symptom worsening or obstetric/neonatal outcomes. CONCLUSION: Recovered LVEF prior to subsequent pregnancy is associated with improved maternal outcomes, yet relapse remains common. Left ventricular ejection fraction alone is insufficient for risk stratification, and individualized multidisciplinary care is essential for all women with prior PPCM.

Female↗

PubMed2026

Genomic epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli across humans, poultry and wastewater sectors in Douala, Cameroon.

BACKGROUND: The global health threat of antimicrobial resistance involves the human, animal and environmental sectors. Data from Cameroon are scarce. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to define extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) rates and associated risk factors across the three sectors in Douala, Cameroon, and to define molecular characteristics of isolates. METHODS: From June 2022 to May 2023, we collected blood cultures from hospitalized patients, rectal swabs from healthy pregnant women, caeca from broiler chickens and environmental wastewater. Samples were screened for ESBL-Ec using CHROMAgar™ ESBL and cefotaxime-supplemented Tryptone Bile X-glucuronide agar. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion following EUCAST guidelines. Whole-genome sequencing was carried out using Illumina technology. RESULTS: Of 628 samples, 374 yielded ESBL-Ec. Prevalence was 54.6% (131/240) in pregnant women, 70.4% (169/240) in chickens and 93.1% (67/72) in wastewater. The proportion of ESBL-Ec among E. coli-positive-blood cultures was 9.2% (7/76). Multi-family household living was independently associated with ESBL-Ec carriage among pregnant women (adjusted odds ratio = 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-3.1, P = 0.03). High co-resistance (>70%) was observed for tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Sequencing of 32 isolates revealed 45 distinct resistance genes, including blaCTX-M-15 (n = 13, 40.6%), blaCTX-M-55 (n = 11, 34.4%) and last-resort antibiotic resistance genes mcr-1 and bla OXA-181. High-risk sequence types included ST131 (pregnant women) and ST10 (chickens). Notably, ST48 was shared between pregnant women and chickens, and ST155 between pregnant women and wastewater. CONCLUSION: Cross-sectoral ESBL-Ec in Douala exhibits high genomic diversity and alarming resistance. The occurrence of last-resort genes requires immediate One Health surveillance and coordinated interventions.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2026

Exercise-induced chronic adaptations and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in patients with depression: A systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Although exercise has been shown to alleviate depressive symptoms, potentially by affecting the body's inflammatory response, evidence in this area remains inconsistent. This study synthesized the most recent evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the relationship between exercise-induced chronic adaptations and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with depression. METHODS: Eligible RCTs were identified from six electronic databases. Effect sizes were pooled using mean differences (MDs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Two independent researchers assessed the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines. RESULTS: The review included 21 RCTs involving 1572 participants, six of which were included in the meta-analysis. No evidence of efficacy was observed for the chronic effects of exercise on the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β) (MD = -0.01, 95% CI [-0.06, 0.04], p = 0.79), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD = -0.30, 95% CI [-0.64, 0.04], p = 0.08), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (SMD = -0.18, 95% CI [-0.50, 0.14], p = 0.27) in patients with depression. However, the pooled results for certain markers were not robust. The certainty of evidence for each outcome was very low owing to inconsistency, indirectness, and imprecision. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence for exercise improving pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with depression during the chronic phase remains exploratory and uncertain. Well-designed, adequately powered studies incorporating a broader range of immune biomarkers and dynamic multi-time-point assessments are urgently needed to determine whether exercise-induced chronic adaptations can modulate inflammatory pathways in depression.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Response-adapted surgical de-escalation following neoadjuvant immunotherapy in resectable mucosal HNSCC A systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Recent encouraging outcomes with neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have generated interest in surgical de-escalation. However, the oncologic safety of response-adapted surgery (RAS) and its ability to achieve survival outcomes comparable to baseline-planned surgery (BPS) remain uncertain. METHODS: A systematic search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and the Clinical Trials Registry for studies of neoadjuvant ICIs, with or without chemotherapy, in resectable mucosal HNSCC, that explicitly report surgical extent, between 2020-2025 was performed. Two independent reviewers extracted data following PRISMA guidelines. Main outcomes included major pathologic response (MPR), pathologic complete response (pCR), event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS). Study-level proportions were pooled by random effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed by the I2 statistic. RESULTS: The comparative analysis consisted of 4 RAS studies (involving 202 patients) and 11 BPS studies (403 patients). The pooled overall EFS was 83.3% (76.9-88.2) for the former and 82% (75.2-87.2) for the latter (P=.751), and the respective pooled OS was 92.3% (87.5-95.3) and 91.4% (80.3-96.5) (P=.839). The pooled pCR rate was 41.7% (95% CI 5.4-48.4; I2=.0) for RAS and 19.8% (95%CI 13.3-29.6; I2=.62) for BPS (P=.001), while the MPR was not significantly different (59.6%, versus 48.5%, P=.245). RAS was associated with greater organ preservation and reduced need for mandibulectomy and free-flap reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: RAS following neoadjuvant ICIs in mucosal HNSCC may enable surgical de-escalation with preserved oncologic outcomes and improved function in selected patients. Larger prospective studies are warranted.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

The effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in the psychological and physical health of cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: No prior systematic review has specifically evaluated the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in improving both psychological and physical outcomes among cancer populations. This study aims to assess MBCT's effects on cancer patients' mental and physical health. METHOD: Following PRISMA guidelines and with PROSPERO registration (CRD42023453581), we systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched up to June 2026. Eligible trials enrolled adults (≥ 18 years) with any cancer type/stage, compared MBCT delivered per standard manual against non-MBCT controls, and reported at least one validated measure of distress, depression, or anxiety; secondary outcomes included fatigue, quality of life, and mindfulness skills. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane tool; random-effects meta-analyses were performed in Stata 16. RESULTS: 11 RCTs comprising 1122 participants (mean age 54.8 years; 91% female) were included. MBCT produced large, significant reductions in psychological distress (SMD = -0.81, 95% CI-1.27 to-0.40), depression (SMD = -0.95, 95% CI -1.40 to-0.49), and anxiety (SMD = -0.86, 95% CI -1.22 to-0.51). It also markedly decreased fatigue (SMD = -0.83, 95% CI-1.10 to-0.56), improved quality of life (SMD = 0.56, 95% CI 0.22-0.88), and enhanced mindfulness skills (SMD = 0.76, 95% CI 0.59-0.92). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis is the first to exclusively synthesize RCT evidence of standardized MBCT in cancer care, demonstrating significant dual benefits for emotional and physical well-being while providing strong support for integrating MBCT into comprehensive oncology rehabilitation.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Portable metagenomics for preventive surveillance and outbreak control in livestock and poultry: Pathogen detection, resistome profiling, and antimicrobial stewardship.

Conventional diagnostics for livestock and poultry outbreaks commonly rely on culture or targeted PCR panels, which may be too slow or too narrow to guide early control decisions. Portable metagenomics, particularly real-time nanopore sequencing, offers a route to broad pathogen detection, antimicrobial-resistance gene profiling, and outbreak investigation within an integrated workflow. This implementation-focused review evaluates how near-point-of-care metagenomics may support preventive veterinary medicine through earlier detection, surveillance, cohorting, biosecurity decisions, and antimicrobial stewardship. We synthesize sample-to-answer workflows for enteric and respiratory disease in food-producing animals, including sampling, nucleic-acid extraction, host depletion or target enrichment, library preparation, sequencing, bioinformatics, quality control, and interpretation. Applications in calf diarrhea, bovine respiratory disease, poultry outbreaks, mastitis, and resistome monitoring are considered alongside the central limitation that detection alone does not establish causation. Pathogen and resistance-gene signals must therefore be interpreted with clinical signs, lesions, epidemiology, controls, and confirmatory testing. We also propose a minimum reporting checklist, intended as a practical framework rather than a validated consensus standard. Portable metagenomics is not a replacement for conventional diagnostics, but appropriately validated workflows can reduce uncertainty during time-sensitive outbreaks and support more judicious antimicrobial use.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Insights from expert panels on the EU clinical evaluation consultation procedure.

BACKGROUND: The Clinical Evaluation Consultation Procedure (CECP) under the EU Medical Device Regulation aims to strengthen and harmonize the assessment of high-risk medical devices. This review summarizes early insights from expert panels to support improved clinical evaluation practices. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This review analyses 34 expert panel opinions derived from 281 CECP submissions between April 2021 and December 2025. Statements from opinions were systematically extracted, de-duplicated, and grouped into thematic categories, with independent review and validation. The analysis focuses on common challenges found during the consultation procedure of the expert panels on the content of the clinical assessment in relation to clinical evidence, benefit-risk assessment, intended purpose alignment, and post-market clinical follow-up planning. RESULTS: Expert panel findings highlight recurrent issues in the sufficiency, consistency, and transparency of clinical evidence, underscoring the need for improved standardization and clearer guidance. CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening documentation quality and alignment across stakeholders will enhance the robustness, efficiency, and predictability of conformity assessments for high-risk medical devices.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Review: The African turquoise killifish as a model for the integrative physiology of vertebrate aging.

With increasing emphasis on extending healthy lifespan, aging research requires vertebrate models that permit efficient mechanistic investigation and intervention testing within practical time and cost constraints. The African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) has attracted growing attention because it combines an exceptionally short life cycle with an intact vertebrate physiological context and an expanding genetic toolkit, enabling relatively rapid evaluation of candidate aging interventions and mechanistic analysis across molecular, tissue, and organismal levels. This review assesses N. furzeri from an integrative-physiology perspective, focusing on germline-soma interactions, gut microbiota-host crosstalk, nutrient sensing and metabolic remodeling, temperature responsiveness, and AMPK-mTOR-linked programs. It also examines expanding genome-engineering and reporter approaches that support mechanistic and tissue-resolved investigation of these physiological processes. Building on recent reviews of killifish biology, disease modeling, regeneration, and the hallmarks of aging, we synthesize evidence across major intervention domains, distinguish established phenotypic effects from incompletely resolved mechanisms, and highlight functional endpoints, methodological standardization, and the appropriate interpretation of the model's translational relevance. Together, these features position N. furzeri as a strategically useful vertebrate platform for rapid mechanistic testing, intervention evaluation, and prioritization of aging-related pathways. Future progress will require improved methodological standardization, tissue-resolved causal studies, and question-driven cross-species validation where appropriate.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Symptoms and treatment response to florensocatib and inhaled tobramycin in bronchiectasis: Post hoc analysis of two randomized trials.

Inhaled antibiotics and DPP-1 inhibitors improve clinical outcomes in bronchiectasis, but whether baseline symptom burden predicts differential treatment responses remains unclear. In this post hoc analysis of two multicenter randomized trials (SAVE-BE, n = 224; TORNASOL, n = 357), we evaluate the association between baseline Quality of Life-Bronchiectasis Respiratory Symptom Scale (QoL-B-RSS) and treatment effects of florensocatib and inhaled tobramycin. In SAVE-BE, florensocatib reduces exacerbation rates versus placebo (relative risk [RR], 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.67; p < 0.0001), with RRs of 0.53 and 0.40 observed in patients with high and low symptom burdens, respectively, but no significant symptomatic improvement. In TORNASOL, tobramycin produces clinically meaningful QoL-B-RSS improvements (exceeding the 8-point cutoff in high-symptom patients) and ameliorates bronchitic symptoms, with greater benefits in those with higher baseline symptom burden. These hypothesis-generating findings suggest that baseline symptom burden may identify differential responses to anti-inflammatory versus anti-infective therapies in bronchiectasis and support its potential as a simple, practical stratification tool to guide personalized treatment.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Comparison of the predictive performance of systemic immune-inflammation index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for three-month poor functional outcome in ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of global mortality and disability. Early and accurate prognosis is crucial for patient management. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are emerging inflammatory biomarkers; however, their relative predictive value for three-month poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] > 2) remains uncertain. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to 20 July 2025, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies reporting the association of SII or NLR with three-month poor outcome were included. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Area under the curve (AUC), odds ratios (OR), and standardized mean differences (SMD) were pooled using random-effects models in Stata 16.0. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies involving 7520 IS patients were analysed. NLR demonstrated marginally superior discriminative ability compared to SII (AUC 0.71, 95% CI: 0.67-0.76 vs. 0.68, 95% CI: 0.64-0.71), though this difference was not statistically significant. Elevated NLR was significantly associated with poor outcome (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.17-1.37, p < .001), whereas SII was not (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00-1.00, p = .384). Both markers showed moderate effect sizes (SMD: NLR = 0.69, SII = 0.72; p < .001). NLR performed better in non-intervention and Chinese subgroups, while SII exhibited consistent AUC values across treatment and ethnic subgroups. CONCLUSION: NLR and SII are accessible prognostic markers in IS. NLR demonstrates superior accuracy and a significant association with poor outcome, while SII shows greater stability across patient subgroups. Both may assist in risk stratification, in resource-limited settings.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Dietary approaches for glycemic management in type 1 diabetes: A systematic review of Mediterranean and low-carbohydrate diets.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Specific dietary approaches for better management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) have not been thoroughly investigated. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the Mediterranean and low-carbohydrate diets for glycemic management in people with T1D. METHODS: We examined longitudinal studies (cohort studies and clinical trials) including individuals with T1D who followed low-carbohydrate diets (<26% calories from carbohydrates and/or <130 g of carbohydrates per day) and/or a Mediterranean diet, while hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and/or time in range (TIR) were measured. Additional eligibility criteria included publication in English and availability of a full-text primary research article. Non-longitudinal studies, abstracts, and studies published in languages other than English were excluded. Results were synthesized narratively, and the GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool was used to assess article quality. RESULTS: A total of 565 studies were identified from PubMed, the Web of Science, and citation chasing. After removal of duplicates and further evaluation, 22 studies (6 cohort studies and 16 clinical trials; total n = 3284) were included in this review. The search was initially completed in May 2024, and updated February 2026. Low-carbohydrate diets were associated with better glycemic management when compared to usual diets or baseline glycemic parameters. Studies using CGM were overall underpowered. The impact of Mediterranean diets was less clear, but generally appeared to be less effective at improving glycemic management than low-carbohydrate diets. DISCUSSION: Although structured dietary interventions for T1D hold promise for improving glycemic outcomes, further research is needed to determine exactly which dietary intervention is most beneficial for this population. The evidence provided by included studies is limited by small sample sizes and short durations; better powered, longer-term studies are required to inform clinical recommendations.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Diagnostic value of blood p-tau subtypes in Alzheimer's disease progression and pathology: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and the most likely to lead to dementia. With the availability of the latest therapies, the need for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis is now gradually increasing. Whereas blood phosphorylated-tau (p-tau) has demonstrated excellent performance in the prediction and diagnosis of disease progression and Aβ positivity in AD, there are differences between different p-tau subtypes. Therefore, a pooled analysis of different blood p-tau subtypes is of more important clinical value. METHOD: Relevant literature was screened by complete search in four databases, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus. Relevant data and AUC and their confidence intervals of the included literature were extracted and analyzed by classification according to p-tau subtypes. Quality assessment was performed using the QUADAS-2 tool. RESULT: Our results reveal that p-tau217 performs better in the diagnostic performance in most stages of AD, which is consistent with the guidelines. However, our results concluded that p-tau217 has poorer diagnostic performance in the stages of cognitive unimpaired or less cognitively impaired, especially in the Aβ positivity diagnosis of SCD and CU. Head-to-head meta-analyses formally confirmed that p-tau217 significantly outperforms p-tau181 across AD dementia, Aβ positivity, tau positivity, and biological staging (all P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between p-tau231 and p-tau181. CONCLUSION: By integrating single-arm pooled AUC estimates with formal head-to-head statistical comparisons, our study provides evidence-based support for plasma p-tau217 as the subtype with the most robust diagnostic performance across AD pathology and biological staging. Head-to-head analyses formally confirmed that p-tau217 significantly outperforms p-tau181 in Aβ positivity, Tau positivity, and biological staging.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Sutureless versus renorrhaphy in robot-assisted off-clamp partial nephrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The necessity of routine parenchymal renorrhaphy during off-clamp robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) remains uncertain. This study aimed to compare perioperative, functional, safety, and oncological outcomes between sutureless and conventional renorrhaphy. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Comparative studies evaluating sutureless versus conventional renorrhaphy during purely off-clamp RAPN were included. Trifecta achievement was the primary outcome. Random-effects models were used for pooled analyses, with subgroup analysis according to study design. RESULTS: Four studies involving 787 patients, including one randomized controlled trial (RCT) and three propensity score-matched (PSM) studies, were included. The overall pooled estimate showed no statistically significant difference in Trifecta achievement (RR 1.17, 95% CI 0.97-1.41), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 86.5%). The PSM studies favored the sutureless approach (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.05-1.52), whereas the RCT yielded an RR of 0.97 (95% CI 0.92-1.04) and met the prespecified noninferiority criterion without demonstrating superiority. The sutureless approach was associated with a smaller perioperative eGFR decline (MD - 3.89, 95% CI - 6.16 to - 1.62), while no significant difference was observed in eGFR at 3 months. No statistically significant differences were identified in major complications, blood transfusion, or positive surgical margins; urinary and vascular complications were sparsely reported. CONCLUSIONS: In selected patients undergoing purely off-clamp RAPN, randomized evidence supports the noninferiority of a strategy that omits routine parenchymal renorrhaphy while permitting clinically necessary selective repair, but does not demonstrate superiority. Favorable estimates from PSM studies remain vulnerable to intraoperative treatment-selection bias. Current evidence is insufficient to determine whether omission of renorrhaphy affects urinary complications, long-term renal function, or oncological outcomes. REGISTRATION: This systematic review was registered prospectively in PROSPERO (CRD420261435995).

Humans↗