Comparison of the predictive performance of systemic immune-inflammation index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for three-month poor functional outcome in ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Xuan Ma; Yinjuan Zhou; Zhenhua Li; Guoming Mao; Haiping Wei; Tingting Zhao

doi:10.1080/07853890.2026.2612820

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Comparison of the predictive performance of systemic immune-inflammation index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for three-month poor functional outcome in ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Xuan Ma·Yinjuan Zhou·Zhenhua Li·Guoming Mao·Haiping Wei·Tingting Zhao

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of global mortality and disability. Early and accurate prognosis is crucial for patient management. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are emerging inflammatory biomarkers; however, their relative predictive value for three-month poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] > 2) remains uncertain. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to 20 July 2025, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies reporting the association of SII or NLR with three-month poor outcome were included. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Area under the curve (AUC), odds ratios (OR), and standardized mean differences (SMD) were pooled using random-effects models in Stata 16.0. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies involving 7520 IS patients were analysed. NLR demonstrated marginally superior discriminative ability compared to SII (AUC 0.71, 95% CI: 0.67-0.76 vs. 0.68, 95% CI: 0.64-0.71), though this difference was not statistically significant. Elevated NLR was significantly associated with poor outcome (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.17-1.37, p < .001), whereas SII was not (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00-1.00, p = .384). Both markers showed moderate effect sizes (SMD: NLR = 0.69, SII = 0.72; p < .001). NLR performed better in non-intervention and Chinese subgroups, while SII exhibited consistent AUC values across treatment and ethnic subgroups. CONCLUSION: NLR and SII are accessible prognostic markers in IS. NLR demonstrates superior accuracy and a significant association with poor outcome, while SII shows greater stability across patient subgroups. Both may assist in risk stratification, in resource-limited settings.

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Humans Neutrophils Ischemic Stroke Prognosis Lymphocytes Inflammation Biomarkers Predictive Value of Tests Lymphocyte Count Ischaemic stroke lymphocytes neutrophils platelets prognosis Journal Article Systematic Review Meta-Analysis Comparative Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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Xuan Ma, Yinjuan Zhou, Zhenhua Li, Guoming Mao, Haiping Wei, Tingting Zhao. 2026-01-12. Comparison of the predictive performance of systemic immune-inflammation index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for three-month poor functional outcome in ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.. https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2026.2612820

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Biomarkers subject Comparative Study subject Humans subject Ischemic Stroke subject Journal Article subject Meta-Analysis subject Systematic reviews study inflammation subject

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Machine learning-based prediction of unplanned readmission and construction of an online calculator for elderly patients with mild ischemic stroke.

Blood pressure management after endovascular thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke: association with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and functional outcome at 3&#xa0;months.

Patient and hospital factors associated with disparities in acute stroke treatment in community and academic hospitals.

Blood pressure management after endovascular thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke: association with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and functional outcome at 3 months.