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The proteome of the late Middle Pleistocene Harbin individual.

Qiaomei Fu·Fan Bai·Huiyun Rao·Shaokun Chen·Yannan Ji·Aoran Liu·E Andrew Bennett·Feng Liu·Qiang Ji
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Abstract

Denisovans are a hominin group primarily known through genomes or proteins, but their precise morphological features remain elusive because of the fragmentary nature of the discovered fossils. Here, we report 95 endogenous proteins retrieved from a nearly complete cranium from Harbin, China, dating to at least 146,000 years ago and previously assigned to a new species, Homo longi. This individual has three Denisovan-derived amino acid variants and clusters with Denisova 3, suggesting that the Harbin individual belongs to a Denisovan population. This study fills the gap between morphological and molecular evidence, enhancing our understanding of Denisovans' spatiotemporal dispersal and evolutionary history.

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AnimalsBiological EvolutionChinaFossilsHominidaeProteomeSkullPhylogenyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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Qiaomei Fu, Fan Bai, Huiyun Rao, Shaokun Chen, Yannan Ji, Aoran Liu, E Andrew Bennett, Feng Liu, Qiang Ji. 2025-06-18. The proteome of the late Middle Pleistocene Harbin individual.. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adu9677

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