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Biomedical subjects

B Gruvberger

Publications and source records attributed to B Gruvberger.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Bioban P 1487.

Bioban P 1487, consisting of the 2 active ingredients 4-(2-nitrobutyl)-morpholine (M) and 4,4'-(2-ethyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediyl)-bis morpholine (DM), is a preservative recommended for mental working fluids. The aims of this study were to assess the frequency of contact allergy to Bioban P 1487, when added to a standard patch test series, as well as to test the individual active ingredients in patients sensitized to Bioban P 1487. Of the patients consecutively tested, 1.5% reacted positively to Bioban P 1487. Positive test reactions were noted in only 4 of 12 Bioban P 1487-sensitized patients tested with the individual active ingredients. Both active ingredients are contact sensitizers, but in most patients with this contact allergy it remains difficult to identify the sensitizing hapten.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1995

Contact allergy to allyl glycidyl ether present as an impurity in 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, a fixing additive in silicone and polyurethane resins.

We present a 43-year-old man who worked in the plastics industry and who suffered from an occupational dermatitis on the hands and forearms. He was found to be allergic to an epoxy silane compound that was contaminated with allyl glycidyl ether, a reactive epoxy diluent. HPLC analysis and patch testing indicated that this impurity was probably the only sensitizer. Moreover, the gloves used provided absolutely no protection, as the inner side also generated strong positive reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from alkanolamineborates in metalworking fluids.

Alkanolamineborates are extensively used in coolants as corrosion inhibitors. In this paper, 3 machinists with contact allergy to alkanolamineborates are reported. To avoid false-positive test reactions due to the alkalinity of the alkanolamineborates, they should be tested when dissolved in an acidic buffer. When various alkanolamineborates were tested in dilution series in the 3 patients, 2 types of reactivity patterns emerged, indicating the existence of at least 2 separate sensitizers in alkanolamineborates. The raw materials, ethanolamines and boric acid, did not yield any positive patch test reactions. Thin-layer chromatography investigations demonstrated that each alkanolamineborate consists of many substances, which differed in part between different alkanolamineborates. The present study shows that it is not possible to use 1 particular alkanolamineborate for tracing contact allergy to alkanolamineborates in general.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Quinine and quinidine photoproducts can be identical.

Quinine and its d-isomer quinidine can both cause contact allergy as well as photoallergy. Contact allergic cross-reactions between quinine and quinidine are uncommon. In allergic photosensitization the two isomers cross-react, suggesting the possibility that quinine and quinidine after UV exposure are converted to one or more common sensitizing photoproducts. Solutions of quinine and quinidine at 0.1% in ethanol 99.5% were exposed to UVA for 14 h (total dose 201.6 J/cm2). Using thin-layer chromatography, we identified 8 and 6 photoproducts from irradiated quinine and quinidine, respectively. Five of these photoproducts were seen in both chromatograms. An identical pattern with four photoproducts was found for both irradiated solutions when these were subjected to analysis in a high-performance liquid chromatography system. This study indicates that photoproducts from irradiated quinine and quinidine can be identical. This would explain the differences in the cross-reactivity pattern between contact and photocontact sensitization clinically.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1990

Chromate sensitization and elicitation from cement with iron sulfate.

For some years, iron sulfate has been added to cement manufactured in the Scandinavian countries to prevent sensitization to and elicitation from chromate in cement. Allergic contact dermatitis from chromate is reported here in 3 workers with hand dermatitis and exposure to cement containing iron sulfate. Although iron sulfate had been added to the cement, high chromate concentrations were found in many samples of cement to which these workers were exposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

PABA, benzocaine, and other PABA esters in sunscreens and after-sun products.

Contact/photocontact allergy to PABA and benzocaine are not uncommon. PABA and PABA esters are used in sunscreens and benzocaine may contaminate such sunscreens or may be an intentional constituent in after-sun products. Labelling of ingredients in sunscreens and after-sun products is not required by law in Sweden. The presence of PABA, PABA esters used as sunscreen agents, and benzocaine was therefore investigated by HPLC in 97 sunscreens and 15 after-sun products. PABA was detected in 2 sunscreens while almost 50% of the sunscreens contained 2-ethylhexyl p-dimethyl-aminobenzoate. Benzocaine was not found in any after-sun product but was present in 1 sunscreen containing 4-bis(hydroxypropyl)aminobenzoate. Glyceryl p-aminobenzoate and amyl p-dimethyl-aminobenzoate were labeled on 1 and 3 sunscreens, respectively, but glyceryl p-aminobenzoate was not found in any of them and only traces of amyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate were found in 1 sunscreen.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1990

Patch testing with cement containing iron sulfate.

Addition of iron sulfate to cement means transformation of water-soluble hexavalent chromium into nonwater-soluble trivalent chromium. This has been the basis for preventive measures concerning sensitization to hexavalent chromium (chromate) in cement. For some years, iron sulfate has been added to cement manufactured in the Scandinavian countries. In the present in vivo study, cements with and without iron sulfate were compared concerning their capacity to elicit allergic patch-test reactions in eight chromate-hypersensitive individuals. No patch-test reactions were obtained from a water extract of cement with iron sulfate when appropriately buffered.

Chromium↗
PubMed1988

Contact and photocontact allergy to glyceryl para-aminobenzoate.

High-purity glyceryl para-aminobenzoate was produced from a commercial source of the chemical by using a chromatographic technique. Negative test reactions to this purified substance were obtained when it was patch/photopatch-tested on 2 patients with contact and photocontact allergy to a nonpurified batch of glyceryl para-aminobenzoate.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1987

Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Kathon CG.

The preservative Kathon CG is a commercial preparation, consisting of 2 active ingredients and other components. 28 patients with contact allergy to Kathon CG participated in a study in which patch testing was performed with serial dilutions, and with 5 chromatographically separated fractions. All reacted to fraction IV, and 2 patients also to fraction II. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry identified fraction II and IV to be the active ingredients; 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1987

Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Kathon CG in the guinea pig.

Preservative Kathon CG (K-CG) is a commercial preparation, consisting of the two active ingredients (a.i.), 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (243-K-CG) and 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (5243-K-CG) and also of other components. Both a.i. are known contact sensitizers in humans. In this study guinea pig maximization tests were performed with the a.i. in order to assess and compare the degrees of the sensitizing capacities. The animals were also rechallenged with the sensitizer and 4 chemically related compounds, all being preservatives or known ingredients in preservatives, in order to study the cross-reaction patterns. 5243-K-CG was demonstrated to be a strong sensitizer and 243-K-CG a weak sensitizer. With 5243-K-CG as the sensitizer, 4.5-dichloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one was a possible cross-reacting compound. Possible cross-reactivity was indicated between the a.i. when 243-K-CG was the sensitizer.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Contact allergy to the preservative Kathon CG.

Of 976 patients routinely patch tested with Kathon CG (Rohm & Haas), 300 ppm, 43 (4.4%) gave a positive reaction. Of 170 patients routinely tested with Kathon CG 250 ppm, 10 (5.9%) gave a positive reaction. Out of 34 patients tested with serial dilutions of Kathon CG, 17 (50%) reacted to 100 ppm, 8 to 30 ppm and 2 to 10 ppm. The concentration of 1000 ppm of Kathon CG was irritant in some cases, but 300 ppm was not irritant. Of the 976 patients tested with Kathon CG 300 ppm, 8 (0.8%) showed a "flare-up" reaction, indicating patch test sensitization. Of the 170 tested with Kathon CG 250 ppm, 2 (1.2%) were sensitized. When the patch-test-sensitized patients were retested with serial dilutions, they showed the same pattern as the other patients. 13 sensitized patients were use tested and 7 (54%) gave responses. In the literature, Kathon CG 100 ppm is recommended as the routine patch test concentration. However, 50% of the sensitive persons may then be overlooked. In our clinics, Kathon CG has become the second most common contact sensitizer, but the sensitivity cannot be traced in all patients with clinically relevant allergy without an unacceptable risk of patch test sensitization.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

Demonstration of Kathon CG in some commercial products.

The preservative Kathon CG has become one of the most common sensitizers. It has, however, been difficult to explain the sensitization and to assess the clinical relevance of the contact allergy, partly due to lack of specification of the preservative in products. A high-performance liquid chromatography method was used to demonstrate Kathon CG in 123 commercial products of both "leave on" and "rinse off" types. 38 of these contained Kathon CG in the range of 1-15 ppm of active ingredients. There were no differences between "leave on" and "rinse off" products concerning the relative number of products containing Kathon CG and the concentrations of the preservative.

Allergens↗