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Biomedical subjects

B Gruvberger

Publications and source records attributed to B Gruvberger.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Contact allergy to photoproducts of musk ambrette.

A patient with photocontact allergy to musk ambrette was investigated with patch and photopatch testing with dilutions of musk ambrette and 4 other nitro-musk compounds (musk ketone, moskene, musk tibetine, musk xylene) as well as with in vitro ultraviolet-irradiated solutions of musk ambrette. Besides a strong photoallergy to musk ambrette, a plain contact allergy to photoproducts of musk ambrette was demonstrated. An attempt to isolate the photoproducts causing the plain contact allergy was performed by using a preparative thin layer chromatography technique. These isolated photoproducts were not, however, responsible for the contact allergy to the photodecomposed musk ambrette.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A simple method for the detection of formaldehyde.

The commonly used chromotropic acid method for the determination of formaldehyde sometimes produces a masking discolouration. We have therefore evaluated a complementary method in which acetylacetone is used as the reagent. By a combination of the 2 methods, formaldehyde can be traced in most products.

Cosmetics↗
PubMed1984

Contact sensitivity to nickel in white gold.

Nickel release from white gold discs stored at room temperature for 1 week in synthetic sweat was analyzed. The nickel content of the discs was 2-15%. The nickel release from the discs was 0.09-0.82 microgram. Rhodium plating reduced the nickel release to 0.04-0.54 microgram. 18 nickel-sensitive women were patch tested with the white gold discs and all showed at least 1 positive patch test reaction. All the white gold discs gave a negative dimethylglyoxime test.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1984

Nickel release from ear piercing kits and earrings.

Ear piercing with nickel-alloyed studs/clasps involves considerable risk of nickel sensitisation. Stainless steel studs/clasps for ear piercing and different types of earring were stored in synthetic sweat for 1 week. The nickel release was determined. One "hypoallergenic" stud/clasp released 0.005 microgram Ni; 21 unused studs/clasps and earrings released 0.05-3 microgram Ni, and 11 unused studs/clasps and earrings released 6-25 micrograms Ni. 6 earrings which caused dermatitis released 14-442 micrograms Ni. Thus, all studs/clasps and earrings released nickel. Neither gold nor silver plating prevented the nickel release. Nickel-sensitive women were asked to wear studs/clasps releasing various amounts of nickel. The most sensitive of them showed eczematous reactions to studs/clasps releasing nickel down to 0.05 micrograms. The dimethylglyoxime test was positive only when more than 10 micrograms Ni was released.

Alloys↗
PubMed1984

Patch testing with colophony.

Colophony (rosin) has been fractionated into 2 parts, an acidic and a neutral fraction. Routine patch testing with neutral components gives positive reactions at a 40% higher frequency than routine patch testing with colophony (20%) (w/w in pet.). A concentration of 60% colophony is suggested for routine patch testing.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1984

Occurrence of para-aminobenzoic acid and benzocaine as contaminants in sunscreen agents of para-aminobenzoic acid type.

Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and some of its esters, such as amyl para-dimethylaminobenzoate, ethyl 4-bis(hydroxypropyl)aminobenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl para-dimethylaminobenzoate and glyceryl para-aminobenzoate are used as sunscreen agents. Methods for separating PABA and the 5 mentioned PABA esters by thin layer chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) are presented. Contamination with PABA and benzocaine were measured quantitatively by the HPLC technique in samples of the 4 PABA esters, using different brands and different batches of the same brand. PABA was detected in all 12 samples examined and benzocaine in 11. The degree of contamination was batch-dependent. Minimal amounts of PABA and benzocaine were found in most batches but in glyceryl para-aminobenzoate both substances were present at a level above 0.1% (w/w). High levels of benzocaine were also detected in batches of ethyl 4-bis(hydroxypropyl)-aminobenzoate.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1982

Chemical aspects on chromate in cement.

A certain amount of chromate can be added to calcium aluminate and calcium aluminate ferrite, 2 compounds present in clinker, without being extractable with water. Solutions of sulfate and the chemically related selenate and molybdate can extract about 2/3 of the added chromate. Also a certain amount of molybdate can be added to calcium aluminate without being extractable with water. About 2/3 of the added molybdate can be extracted with solutions of sulfate, selenate and chromate. Chromate present in clinker can partly be extracted with solutions of sulfate, selenate and molybdate. The present results indicate that chromate is partly present in crystals of calcium aluminate and calcium aluminate ferrite and that the correlation between chromate and sulfate in cement is due to an equilibrium between these two compounds inside and outside the crystals. The results also indicate that chromate, sulfate, selenate and molybdate can substitute each other. As cement always contains gypsum, which is partly water soluble, the possibility to make chromatefree cement is limited.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1979

Reduction of chromate in cement by iron sulfate.

Cement dermatitis is connected with chromate sensitivity. It can therefore be expected that "elimination" of chromate in cement would decrease the number of cases of cement dermatitis. Iron sulfate added to cement reduces the chromate completely and the 3-valent chromium is precipitated. An amount of 0.35% (w/w) iron sulfate, FeSO4 . 7H2O, is enough to reduce 20 microgram Cr6+/g cement. There is no technical side effect to the concrete. The iron sulfate is preferably added to cement when there is an intimate contact with skin, e.g. at floor laying, repairs and hand-made casting.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1978

Solubility of cobalt in cement.

Unlike chromate, cobalt occurring as cobalt oxides in cement is not water-soluble in a detectable amount. Cobalt oxides are to some extent soluble in the presence of amino acids with which cobalt forms complexes. Such complexes can elicit patch test reactions. It is postulated that cobalt is more readily dissolved by forming complexes in eczematous skin than in normal skin. This may explain why cobalt sensitization in cement eczemas is secondary to chromate sensitivity.

Chemical Phenomena↗