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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Tentative reference values for gold, silver and platinum: literature data analysis.

Data available on biologic fluid content of therapeutic metals are uneven for silver, gold and platinum respectively. Tentative reference values may be proposed on the basis of the most representative studies for silver and gold. For silver it is suggested that the variability in normal subjects could range up to 10 micrograms/l in whole blood and up to 1 microgram/l in urine. For gold 0.5 microgram/l can be considered the upper limit for both whole blood and urine. For platinum there is no indication that concentration in either blood or urine could reach detectable amounts in normal subjects.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed2026

A Practical Workflow for Spatial Transcriptomics Data Analysis: From Data Acquisition to Advanced Analyses.

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) profiles genome-wide gene expression while preserving the two-dimensional spatial context of mRNA molecules within tissue sections, enabling studies of tissue architecture and microenvironment-associated biology. However, ST analysis remains challenging because data import, quality control, integration, deconvolution, spatial statistics, and visualization often require multiple software environments and reproducible parameter choices. This protocol presents a practical computational workflow for public ST datasets in R, beginning with data acquisition and software setup and proceeding through Seurat-based data loading, quality control, normalization, multi-sample integration, clustering, and spatially variable gene analysis. The workflow then applies complementary deconvolution strategies, including reference-guided SPOTlight analysis and unsupervised STdeconvolve topic modeling, followed by Giotto-based spatial cell-cell communication analysis and interactive region-of-interest (ROI) selection using a custom Python Dash application. By emphasizing script-based execution, explicit parameter rationales, expected outputs, and troubleshooting checkpoints, the protocol provides an adaptable framework for standard array-based ST datasets and related platforms after dataset- and platform-specific parameter evaluation.

Spatial Transcriptomics↗
PubMed1977

The molecular function of hemoglobin as reflected in ligand binding data: analysis of data on erythrocytes.

Hemoglobin oxygen binding data on erythrocytes at diffrent pH, PCO2 and bisphosphoglycerate concentrations have been analyzed in terms of an extended version of the Herzfeld-Stanley model of 1972. The binding of oxygen to subunits when the tetramer is in the quaternary oxy conformation was found to be insensitive to moderate changes in pH and pCO2 (0.71 +/- 0.05 mm Hg-1). Utilizing this circumstance it has been possible to obtain, for the first time, unique estimates of energy parameters related to hemoglobin cooperativity and effector action. At 37 degrees C, pH 7.2 and pCO2 22 mm Hg the following parameter values were obtained: The allosteric constant: (1.5 + 0.4)-10(4); the oxygen binding constant of the deoxy state: (5.4 +/- 0.3).10(-3) mm Hg-1; the 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate binding constants: (3.3 +/- 1.3).10(3)1. mol-1(deoxy), (1.3 +/- 0.5).10(2)1. mol-1 (oxy). Quarternary transition most likely takes place after binding of the second O2 molecule. Following the concepts of Perutz the results suggest that (1) protons and carbon dioxide act as constraint effectors and/or as quaternary effectors; (2) the difference in total conformational energy between the two quaternary ligand-free states is almost exclusively confined to molecular constraints and very little to the difference in quaternary conformational energy. The consistency of the results indicate that the model may be regarded as a useful tool for the description of the functional interrelations in the hemoglobin oxygenation process as reflected in oxygen binding data.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1986

A new insight into chemical mutagenesis by multivariate data analysis.

Computerized data analysis was applied to a genotoxicity data base, consisting of 42 chemicals assayed in 20 short-term mutagenicity tests. Factor and cluster analysis were used to elicit underlying patterns and to classify the chemicals in groups homogeneous for the kind of genetic damage induced. This analysis put in light a clear differentiation between effects in in vivo and in vitro systems, while the heuristic value of the traditional categories (such as point-mutation and chromosomal damage, or prokariotic and eukariotic systems) was not confirmed.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Multivariate data analysis of NMR data.

Multivariate methods based on principal components (PCA and PLS) have been used to reduce NMR spectral information, to predict NMR parameters of complicated structures, and to relate shift data sets to dependent descriptors of biological significance. Noise reduction and elimination of instrumental artifacts are easily performed on 2D NMR data. Configurational classification of triterpenes and shift predictions in disubstituted benzenes can be obtained using PCA and PLS analysis. Finally, the shift predictions of tripeptides from descriptors of amino acids open the possibility of automatic analysis of multidimensional data of complex structures.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The microcomputer: an alternative for data analysis.

Programs for data analysis available on microcomputers now rival those programs available for mainframes in terms of ease of use, accuracy, accessibility, and cost. Researchers should seriously consider the possibilities that exist for data analysis on both the microcomputer and the mainframe. An informed decision will allow best use of available resources.

Computers↗
PubMed1977

[Graphical methods in data analysis (author's transl)].

Data analysis is concerned with attentive description and communication of the information contents of a body of data. Background information, conceptual insight and especially graphical methods play a key role in data analysis for developing a feeling for the data both by formal procedures to be applied in the light of specified models and even more by informal inference or methods that are suggestive and conctructive. This paper reviews graphical methods useful for description, screening, analysis, cross-examining, selection, reduction, presentation and summary of data: for uncovering distributional peculiarities and understanding the structure underlying experimental and survey data. Moreover scatter plots, probability plots and residual plots provide insight into the possible inappropriateness of certain assumptions of the statistical model. Some techniques are illustrated by examples: four-dimensional data may be reprented as scatter plot on ordinary graph paper by using a combination of 2 different sets of symbols for at most 7 different levels of the third variable (formula: see text) and of the fourth variable (formula: see text). Comments on the use of tables and graphical methods, a small overview of the latter and of the scope of applications endeavour to pave the way such that structures may be better understandable and unanticipated characteristics may be spotted.

Factor Analysis, Statistical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A computerized data analysis system for electrogastrogram.

A comprehensive computerized data analysis system for the electrogastrogram is presented in this paper. The electrogastrogram (EGG) is a cutaneous measurement of electrical activity of the stomach by positioning electrodes on the abdominal skin. Since the signal-to-noise ratio of the EGG is very low, visual analysis is impossible. The data analysis system presented in this paper contains a series of PC programs to perform: (a) data acquisition and real-time A/D conversion; (b) digital filter design and digital filtering; (c) adaptive cancellation of respiratory artifact; (d) smoothed power spectral analysis; (e) adaptive running spectral analysis; (f) two- or three-dimensional display of the EGG and analysis results. The basic principles of the system and sample results are presented.

Data Display↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of bone scintigram data using speech recognition reporting system--data analysis with speech recognition system.

Five hundred eighty bone scintigram reports were stored using a voice pattern recognition system in a general-purpose, middle-sized computer (ACOS-650). Bone scintigraphy carried out in our institute was examined by analyzing these data. The results of the examination showed that the introduction of this system made it possible to analyze all the data quickly. Before the introduction of this system, the data able to be analyzed had been restricted because of their complexity. The results also showed that this system would be useful for understanding the examinations carried out in the whole hospital as well as for analyzing metastatic tumors and the number of patients receiving examinations. Furthermore, this system would be helpful in the logical analysis of reports prepared by doctors.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2026

An introductory practical guide to secondary data analysis in pediatric urology.

INTRODUCTION: Secondary data analysis (SDA) has become an increasingly important approach in pediatric urology, enabling the study of long-term outcomes, care variation, and disparities in populations with chronic or congenital urologic conditions. With the growing availability of large datasets, a structured approach to designing and conducting SDA studies is increasingly relevant. OBJECTIVES: To provide an introductory, practical guide to SDA in pediatric urology by (1) summarizing commonly used data sources with representative studies, (2) outlining a stepwise approach to designing and executing SDA studies, and (3) highlighting key methodological considerations, limitations, and opportunities for future work. STUDY DESIGN: Narrative review of existing literature and commonly used datasets relevant to pediatric urology, including administrative claims, hospital encounter databases, clinical registries, electronic health record networks, and population-based surveys. RESULTS: Data sources differ in scope, clinical granularity, longitudinal follow-up, and representativeness, and each is suited to specific research questions. We present a practical workflow for SDA, including dataset selection, cohort definition, and analytic planning. Linkage across datasets can provide a more comprehensive view of care patterns and outcomes, although feasibility is influenced by legal, technical, and data-quality constraints. DISCUSSION: SDA enables population-level analyses and the study of rare conditions that are challenging to evaluate through single-center or prospective designs. However, careful cohort definition, feasibility assessment, and awareness of data limitations are essential to ensure validity and interpretability. CONCLUSION: SDA provides a scalable, cost-efficient framework for generating meaningful evidence in pediatric urology. Continued efforts to harmonize data elements, improve linkage infrastructure, and support cross-institution collaboration will enhance the quality and impact of future research. This article provides a practical framework and examples to support the design and execution of SDA studies.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

A knowledge-based system for data analysis and interpretation.

Traditionally, statistical packages are employed to derive or infer facts about a Universe of Discourse through data analysis and interpretation. It is analysis that serves to transform data into information. Statistical packages provide the users with relatively easy-to-use and powerful mechanics of data analysis, but up to now they do not provide much help with the design and strategies of the analysis. As such, there is a risk of misuse of these packages by statistically inexperienced users. We propose the use of knowledge-based interfaces to support this category of users in statistical evaluations. This paper discusses our experiences from the implementation of a knowledge-based system called MAXITAB. It provides guidance in the processes of data analysis and interpretation and has been programmed as an interface to the statistical package MINITAB.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed1992

[Data analysis by statistical models].

The basic idea for the realization of effective statistical data analysis is illustrated with an example. The use of statistical models is explained and the feasibility of objective comparison of the models by an information criterion AIC is demonstrated. Further, the possibility of practical use of Bayesian models for complex data analysis is explained. Finally, the necessity of cooperation between the experts of respective fields and statisticians for further development of statistical data analysis is mentioned.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A data analysis microcomputer package (DAMP) for biomedical signals.

The advent of cheap, powerful microcomputer systems makes the analysis of data via sophisticated techniques available to the personnel who are non-specialists in computing systems. The DAMP package described here is intended for use on personal computers and has therefore been written in BASIC for portability. The analysis techniques are powerful, comprising algorithms to perform sample-data generation, plotting displays, digital data filtering, auto-correlation functions, fast Fourier transforms and autoregressive modelling. The last technique contains a number of options including the display of z-plane plots, frequency response of the model, residual plotting and auto-correlation of the residuals. Illustrative results are shown from psychological mood data and rat locomotor activity. The package is designed both to instruct a user in the techniques of spectral analysis, and also to provide a range of methods for investigating time and frequency behaviour of biomedical data.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of four methods of DNA distribution data analysis based on bromodeoxyuridine/DNA bivariate data.

Four published methods of DNA-content histogram analysis (those of Fried, Dean and Jett, simplified Dean, and Fox) were compared using a double labeling of different cell populations. Partially synchronized and asynchronous cell populations were incubated with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and then stained with an anti-BrdUrd monoclonal antibody and propidium iodide (PI). The fractions of cells in the G1, S, and G2 + M phases were calculated by each method and compared with those derived from G1, S, and G2 + M areas plotted on BrdUrd/DNA bivariate histograms, taken as the "true" values. This procedure enabled an optimal choice of method for a given cell population.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Determination of the rate of cerebral oxygen consumption and regional cerebral blood flow by non-invasive 17O in vivo NMR spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging: Part 1. Theory and data analysis methods.

Theory and novel data analysis methods of 17O inhalation measurements are presented for the calculation of CMRO2, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), the reflow (R), the arterial venous difference (AVD) and the partition coefficient (lambda). Several of the methods proposed for the determination of CMRO2 do not require measurements of regional cerebral blood flow and H2(17)O arterial concentration. All methods of analysis are based on the Kety-Schmidt approach.

Animals↗