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PubMed2026

Factors associated with successful integration of pharmacists into residential aged care teams: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Australia's Aged Care Onsite Pharmacist program aims to support quality use of medicines in residential aged care homes. This is a novel role introduced into existing teams in a complex environment. Factors associated with successful integration since implementation are currently unknown. AIM: This study aims to explore the perspectives of pharmacists and other stakeholders within aged care homes regarding successful integration of the novel aged care pharmacist service into healthcare teams. METHODS: A qualitative approach, using interpretive descriptive methodology, was used to explore perspectives. Semi-structured focus groups and interviews with pharmacists, nursing and care staff, allied health professionals, general practitioners, residents, and family members were undertaken. Data were collected via Zoom™, audio- and video-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Two researchers undertook inductive thematic analysis to identify key themes. RESULTS: 30 participants across focus groups, focus-group interviews, interviews, and member-checking processes contributed. An overarching theme of proactivity and showing a genuine interest in others underpinned three key themes. Theme 1: Pharmacists needed to be seen, through physical presence and availability, as well as developing a distinct identity. Theme 2: Pharmacists needed to build trust, through collaboration in real time and demonstrating value. Theme 3: Pharmacists needed to develop an understanding of the aged care home environment, including social and contextual norms, as well as procedures, routines and roles. DISCUSSION: This research complements existing understandings of interprofessional collaboration and teamwork amongst healthcare professionals. Themes were interlinked; we used a sensitising framework, social cognitive theory, to present and explain the findings and interactions that can support pharmacist integration into existing teams. Aged care services should structure onboarding to prioritise early visibility, clarify roles and organisational needs, and foster in-person collaboration. Pharmacists should demonstrate proactivity and an authentic interest in all staff, residents and families.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Norgestrel drives mitochondrial collapse and plasma membrane impairment in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) sperm by triggering premature acrosome reaction.

The toxic mechanisms of norgestrel (NGT), an emerging marine pollutant, on the sperm from externally fertilized invertebrates remain elusive. This study employed an integrated physiological and multi-omics framework to elucidate how NGT (10 and 1000 ng/L) disrupts acrosome reaction (AR) signaling machinery, thereby impairing the functional integrity of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas, also known as Magallana gigas) sperm. Exposure to NGT triggered a significant, dose-dependent premature AR, characterized by elevated acrosin activity and a loss of acrosomal integrity. Multi-omics integration supports a model in which this premature exocytosis is linked to signaling disturbances, including disruption of calcium signaling and reduced transcript abundance of calmodulin (CaM) and the primary recognition protein zonadhesin (Zan). This signaling interference induced an premature AR, subsequently driving a cascade of bioenergetic and structural failures. At the mitochondrial level, NGT induced abnormal mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and elevated the transcript levels of antioxidant defense genes (e.g., peroxiredoxin-5, PRDX5). These alterations indicate the occurrence of mitochondrial collapse. Concurrently, scanning electron microscopy verified localized plasma membrane wrinkling and pore formation in sperm. In addition, NGT exposure decreased the transcript abundance of cytoskeleton-related genes, including solute carrier family 26 member 6 (SLC26A6), actin (ACT), and tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3 (TPPP3). These molecular changes further disrupted membrane phospholipid homeostasis, as represented by altered glycerophospholipid metabolism. At the same time, cumulative cellular stress was associated with decreased transcript abundance of cytoprotective factors (e.g., baculoviral IAP repeat-containing proteins, birc2) and changes in apoptosis-related genes consistent with activation of a caspase-8-mediated apoptotic programme. In conclusion, NGT, as a representative synthetic progestin, exerts reproductive toxicity by interfering with signaling mediators to induce premature AR, which subsequently exhausts metabolic energy and triggers plasma membrane impairment. These findings provide a critical mechanistic basis for the aquatic ecological risk assessment of synthetic progestins.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Congenital Laryngomalacia: Pathophysiology, Clinical Spectrum, and Holistic Management.

Congenital laryngomalacia is the most common cause of infant stridor and arises from interacting structural, neuromuscular, and inflammatory mechanisms that produce dynamic supraglottic collapse. Disease severity spans mild stridor to significant obstruction, aspiration, and failure to thrive, often influenced by comorbid medical conditions. Diagnosis relies on flexible laryngoscopy supported by instrumental swallowing studies and microdirect laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy when indicated. Most infants respond to conservative management, particularly targeted feeding modifications, while acid suppression offers benefit in selective cases. Supraglottoplasty provides effective, durable improvement for severe disease and significantly enhances infant outcomes and family quality of life.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Human iPSC-EV-loaded nanofiber stent coatings accelerate vascular repair by enhancing EGFR/HIF-1α signaling and suppressing ROCK1-mediated remodeling.

Arterial disease management is shifting from antiproliferative drug-eluting stents toward approaches that restore endothelial function and modulate smooth muscle cell (SMC) behavior. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry miRNAs that promote endothelial proliferation and migration while restraining aberrant SMC growth and inflammation. Here, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived EVs were collected by ultracentrifugation and incorporated into 50:50 poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA 503) core-shell nanofibrous membranes, which were fabricated as stent coatings for sustained release to overcome rapid clearance and poor tissue retention. EVs derived from three independent iPSC lines all enhanced tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under hypoxic and serum-starved conditions and revealed a trend toward reduced platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration. The fabricated core-shell nanofibers enabled sustained EV release, maintaining therapeutic efficacy for 28 days. Small RNA sequencing (NGS) analysis demonstrated that EVs from these independent iPSC lines shared miR-148a-3p and members of the miR-92 family, which collectively accounted for more than 75% of the reads within the 25 top-expressed miRNA set. In vitro, iPSC-EVs enhanced HUVEC proliferation and survival signaling by downregulating the negative regulators ERRFI1 and VHL, which are specific targets of miR-148a-3p and the miR-92 family, thereby activating the EGFR and HIF-1α axes and driving downstream ERK1/2 and VEGF expression under hypoxic and serum starvation stress conditions. Concurrently, iPSC-EVs prevented PDGF-BB-induced SMC phenotypic switching by downregulating ROCK1, a target of miR-148a-3p, thereby inhibiting downstream AKT and ERK signaling and preserving contractile markers while suppressing the synthetic phenotype. In vivo, the iPSC-EV-functionalized scaffolds significantly accelerated re-endothelialization and inhibited neointimal hyperplasia, evidenced by the upregulation of angiogenic factors (VEGF, CD31) and the concurrent suppression of pathological remodeling markers (α-SMA, MMPs) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TGF-β1). Therefore, iPSC-EVs enriched with specific miRNAs and delivered via PLGA 503 core-shell nanofibers promote endothelial repair while suppressing SMC overgrowth, providing a promising strategy for vascular healing.

Core-shell nanofibers↗

PubMed2026

From fear to empowerment: the impact of employees AI awareness on workplace well-being - a new insight from the JD-R model.

PURPOSE: The primary purpose of the study was to explore the impact of health workers' awareness of artificial intelligence (AI) on their workplace well-being, addressing a critical gap in the literature. By examining this relationship through the lens of the Job demands-resources (JD-R) model, the study aimed to provide insights into how health workers' perceptions of AI integration in their jobs and careers could influence their informal learning behaviour and, consequently, their overall well-being in the workplace. The study's findings could inform strategies for supporting healthcare workers during technological transformations. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The study employed a quantitative research design using a survey methodology to collect data from 420 health workers across 10 hospitals in Ghana that have adopted AI technologies. The study was analysed using OLS and structural equation modelling. FINDINGS: The study findings revealed that health workers' AI awareness positively impacts their informal learning behaviour at the workplace. Again, informal learning behaviour positively impacts health workers' workplace well-being. Moreover, informal learning behaviour mediates the relationship between health workers' AI awareness and workplace wellbeing. Furthermore, employee learning orientation was found to strengthen the effect of AI awareness on informal learning behaviour. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS: While the study provides valuable insights, it is important to acknowledge its limitations. The study was conducted in a specific context (Ghanaian hospitals adopting AI), which may limit the generalizability of the findings to other healthcare settings or industries. Self-reported data from the questionnaires may be subject to response biases, and the study did not account for potential confounding factors that could influence the relationships between the variables. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The study offers practical implications for healthcare organizations navigating the digital transformation era. By understanding the positive impact of health workers' AI awareness on their informal learning behaviour and well-being, organizations can prioritize initiatives that foster a learning-oriented culture and provide opportunities for informal learning. This could include implementing mentorship programs, encouraging knowledge-sharing among employees and offering training and development resources to help workers adapt to AI-driven changes. Additionally, the findings highlight the importance of promoting employee learning orientation, which can enhance the effectiveness of such initiatives. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The study contributes to the existing literature by addressing a relatively unexplored area - the impact of AI awareness on healthcare workers' well-being. While previous research has focused on the potential job displacement effects of AI, this study takes a unique perspective by examining how health workers' perceptions of AI integration can shape their informal learning behaviour and, subsequently, their workplace well-being. By drawing on the JD-R model and incorporating employee learning orientation as a moderator, the study offers a novel theoretical framework for understanding the implications of AI adoption in healthcare organizations.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Characteristics of children with ureteroceles presenting for urological evaluation in the modern medical era.

INTRODUCTION: Historically, children with ureteroceles presented symptomatically and were managed surgically. It is unclear if this changed in the modern medical era of prenatal imaging and shared decision making. We aimed to describe the presentation and management of ureteroceles during initial urological evaluation of children in the era of widespread prenatal ultrasonography. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed records of children (<18 years old [yo]) initially evaluated at our center with a ureterocele (2011-2020). We analyzed demographics, renal anatomy, initial presentation for evaluation, and initial management with non-parametric statistics. Febrile urinary tract infections (fUTIs, ≥ 38 °C) were classified as 1) urosepsis (positive urine culture admitted to pediatric intensive care), 2) documented (positive urine culture) or 3) family-reported. RESULTS: We identified 188 children (65% female). Median age at presentation was 1.2 months old (mo) (IQR 18 days-4.4 mo). Antenatally-detected congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (aCAKUT) were noted in 143 (76%) children with a confirmed postnatal diagnosis of ureterocele. Overall, 129/188 (69%) children presented without symptoms and 59 (31%) presented with symptoms. fUTI was the most common symptomatic presentation (46/188, 24%): urosepsis (6 children), documented (30), and family-reported (10). Children with aCAKUT presented earlier than those without aCAKUT (27 days vs. 1.6 yo, p < 0.0001). They were also less likely to present with symptoms (11% vs. 96%, p < 0.0001), including fUTIs (7% vs. 78%, p < 0.0001). In total, 108 children (57%) were initially managed with transurethral incision, 73 (39%) were observed, and 7 (4%) had reconstructive surgery. Asymptomatic children with aCAKUT (42%) and symptomatic children without aCAKUT (37%) were more likely to be observed than symptomatic children with aCAKUT (7%, p = 0.02). Among 143 children with aCAKUT, those on antibiotic prophylaxis were less likely to present with a history of a fUTI compared to those not on prophylaxis (4/106 vs. 6/37, 4% vs. 16%, p = 0.02). COMMENT: We present a large observational study describing clinical and anatomical characteristics of children presenting with ureteroceles in a medical era of ubiquitous prenatal ultrasonography. Our retrospective study was limited by incomplete documentation of all antenatal ultrasonography and adherence with antibiotic prophylaxis. Long-term clinical outcomes will be the focus of future work. CONCLUSION: In contrast to historical cohorts, most children presented to urologists with asymptomatic ureteroceles diagnosed with aCAKUT. Most children without aCAKUT presented with a fUTI. Overall, 39% of children were initially observed, indicating an increased use of observation in the modern medical era.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Recovery of polysaccharides from marc and pomace through sequential extractions assisted by ultrasound, enzymes and acid maceration.

This study evaluated the pilot-scale recovery of polysaccharides from Vitis vinifera pomace/marc using sequential extraction strategies combining high-power ultrasound (UAE), enzymes (EAE), and acid maceration (AAE). Laboratory-scale trials identified optimal conditions for enzyme dosage and liquid/solid ratio (L/S). Pilot-scale trials demonstrated that the extraction sequence and the processing byproducts influenced extraction efficiency, total soluble polysaccharide in the extract (TSP), and polysaccharide composition. Post-maceration at pH 3.2, with/without the maximum enzyme dose after UAE in a L/S of 1.3/1, improved structural polysaccharide extraction from Viura pomace, while Tempranillo marc showed better recovery of pectic families and TSP with UAE + EAE. Separating grape pomace extract (UAE) from the post-maceration stage at pH 3.2 produced two extracts: E1, with higher yield (19.9%), enriched in structural polysaccharides and oligosaccharides, and E2, enriched in high and medium molecular weight pectic polysaccharides (58.03%), a low degree of esterification (17.1%) and more complex rhamnogalacturan structures.

Polysaccharides↗

PubMed2026

Mitochondrial translocation of DNMT3L suppresses oxidative phosphorylation and restrains megakaryopoiesis.

DNMT3L, a catalytically inactive member of the DNA methyltransferase family, is identified here as a negative regulator of megakaryopoiesis. In K562 cells undergoing PMA-induced megakaryocytic differentiation, DNMT3L protein levels declined progressively, and shRNA-mediated depletion enhanced differentiation, whereas overexpression attenuated it. Consistent with these findings, Dnmt3l-knockout mice exhibited elevated peripheral blood platelet counts and expanded bone marrow megakaryocytes. Mechanistically, megakaryocytic differentiation triggered rapid mitochondrial translocation of DNMT3L within 6 h; mitochondrial DNMT3L suppressed oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity and ATP production and downregulated mitochondrial-encoded genes spanning Complex I, III, IV, and ATP synthase, without altering mitochondrial DNA copy number. This metabolic suppression was mediated through compartment-specific remodeling of DNMT3L-containing protein complexes: upon differentiation, DNMT3L selectively dissociated from DNMT1 and DNMT3B in mitochondria, relieving the repressive constraint on OXPHOS, whereas in the nucleus DNMT3L remained associated with DNMT3A, which concomitantly accumulated during differentiation. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism by which a catalytically inactive epigenetic co-regulator spatially redistributes to coordinate mitochondrial metabolic output with nuclear epigenetic control, thereby facilitating terminal megakaryocytic maturation.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Sitosterolemia: evolving strategies for earlier diagnosis.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sitosterolemia is a rare autosomal recessive lipid disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in ABCG5 or ABCG8 , resulting in excessive intestinal absorption and impaired biliary excretion of plant sterols. Although historically considered exceptionally rare, recent genetic studies suggest the disorder is substantially underdiagnosed, with marked phenotypic heterogeneity ranging from xanthomas and premature atherosclerosis to hematologic abnormalities, and frequently mimics familial hypercholesterolemia. This review summarizes recent advances in the clinical, biological, and genetic diagnosis of sitosterolemia, with a focus on strategies that may facilitate earlier detection. RECENT FINDINGS: Phytosterol quantification, particularly sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol, remains indispensable for accurate diagnosis. Hematologic abnormalities, including hemolytic anemia, stomatocytosis, and macrothrombocytopenia, are increasingly recognized as valuable diagnostic clues complementing the biochemical approach. Expanded variant catalogs for ABCG5/ABCG8 and genome-wide association studies have revealed potentially polygenic contributions to phytosterol metabolism extending beyond these two genes. However, no specific guidelines have yet been established for cascade screening. SUMMARY: Earlier diagnosis requires integration of clinical, biochemical, hematologic, and genetic data. Plasma phytosterol measurement remains the diagnostic cornerstone. Improved disease awareness, broader access to sterol testing, and expanded genetic screening may reduce diagnostic delays and enable timely management, including ezetimibe and dietary phytosterol restriction.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Ramu stunt virus genome reveals previously unreported segments and nucleocapsid domain duplication in Mechlorovirus.

Ramu stunt virus (RmSV), a member of the genus Mechlorovirus within the family Phenuiviridae, was previously described as a six-segmented RNA virus infecting sugarcane. In this study, we re-examined type material and additional isolates using high-throughput sequencing and RT-PCR validation, revealing that RmSV possesses a nine-segmented genome, making it the largest reported in the Phenuiviridae. This expanded architecture includes duplicated RNA segments (RNA 2a and RNA 2b) encoding nucleocapsid-like proteins and two novel segments (RNA 7 and RNA 8). Comparative analysis showed that RNA 2a and 2b share about 84% amino acid identity, while RNA 5 encodes a third nucleocapsid homolog, indicating unprecedented domain redundancy. Structural modeling confirmed that all three nucleocapsid proteins maintain a conserved fold despite low sequence identity, with electrostatic mapping suggesting differential RNA-binding potential. Additionally, RNA 6 encodes a hypothetical protein structurally similar to the rice stripe virus disease-specific S-protein, implicating a role in symptom development. Transcript abundance analysis revealed RNA 6 as the most highly expressed segment across isolates. These findings revise the genomic composition of RmSV, highlight mechanisms of genome plasticity and adaptive evolution in plant-infecting bunyaviruses, and underscore practical implications for diagnostic assay design, resistance breeding, and biosecurity surveillance.

Genome, Viral↗

PubMed2026

Beyond Photometric Consistency: Addressing Loss Insensitivity to Depth Noise in Endoscopic Estimation via Error Calibration.

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation in endoscopy is fundamentally constrained by the ill-posed nature of photometric supervision. In this work, we identify a critical yet overlooked cause of this ambiguity: the inherent insensitivity of photometric loss to depth noise. To overcome this intrinsic limitation, we propose Depth Error Calibration Learning (DECL), a two-stage framework that suppresses prediction variance and mitigates residual errors in self-supervised depth estimation. In Stage I (Variance Reduction), a cyclic depth generation strategy produces multiple depth hypotheses for the input image. The per-pixel empirical variance is quantified and integrated into a dedicated variance loss term, which penalizes inconsistent predictions and encourages the network to generate more stable and reliable depth estimates. In Stage II (Bias Calibration), an image-conditioned diffusion model refines the Stage-I depth prior and mitigates structured residuals through iterative denoising, thereby improving geometric accuracy and global consistency. Extensive experiments on three public endoscopic datasets demonstrate that DECL achieves consistent improvements over representative self-supervised monocular depth estimation methods under the evaluated protocols. Moreover, ablation studies on two representative backbones indicate that DECL is not restricted to a single network implementation, while broader validation on additional backbone families remains necessary. The source code is publicly available at https://github.com/DavidLuBit/EndoDenoising.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2026

Identification of aquaporin (AQP) genes in the noble scallop Chlamys nobilis and characterization of their expression under low-temperature stress.

Aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channel proteins essential for water homeostasis and cellular stress responses. In marine bivalves, their roles in cold tolerance remain poorly understood despite frequent winter mortality events in aquaculture. Here, we identified nine AQP genes in the genome of the economically important noble scallop Chlamys nobilis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed strong conservation with other bivalve AQPs, and structural features, including conserved NPA motifs and ar/R selectivity filters, support their canonical water/glycerol transport functions. Tissue-specific expression profiling showed predominant enrichment in osmoregulatory tissues (gills, intestine) and gonads. Under both chronic and acute low-temperature stress from 23 °C to 9 °C, most CnAQP genes exhibited transient upregulation followed by suppression. Notably, CnAQP4 displayed sustained upregulation, implicating it as a key mediator of long-term cold adaptation. Promoter analysis further revealed abundant cis-elements linked to growth and development as well as immune regulation. Our findings provide the first comprehensive characterization of the AQP family in C. nobilis, highlighting its critical role in maintaining cellular integrity during cold stress and offering molecular targets for selective breeding of cold-tolerant scallop strains.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Simultaneous Administration of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine With Other Recommended Vaccines Among Adolescents Aged 13-17 years, National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen), United States, 2023.

PURPOSE: To investigate the percent of adolescents who receive human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine with one or more other vaccines recommended for adolescents in a single medical visit. METHODS: Data from the 2023 National Immunization Survey-Teen were analyzed. Timing of receipt of HPV vaccine, tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap), quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY), and influenza vaccine was assessed using provider-reported vaccination histories. RESULTS: In 2023, among adolescents aged 13-17 years, 69.5% received HPV vaccine with one or more other vaccines recommended for adolescents in a single medical visit. In addition, 47.8% received specifically HPV vaccine, Tdap, and MenACWY together in a single medical visit. DISCUSSION: The HPV vaccine is commonly given with other vaccines recommended for adolescents in a single medical visit. These findings demonstrate variation in simultaneous vaccination patterns, suggesting that flexibility in the recommended adolescent vaccination schedule allows for different approaches to vaccination across clinical settings and family preferences while maintaining adherence to the recommended schedule.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

MARK1 suppresses infectious bursal disease virus replication via phosphorylating VP3.

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) of the Birnaviridae family is a non-envelope, double-stranded RNA virus that encodes a VP3 protein with multiple functions, which controls viral genome replication, IFN-β production, and virus traffic in infected cells. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs), such as ubiquitination, of VP3 have been demonstrated for affecting its function and stability. To clarify the mechanism by which VP3 is regulated in IBDV infected cells, we focused on the phosphorylation of VP3. Mass spectrometry analysis identified that microtubule-affinity regulating kinases 1 (MARK1) was a kinase interacting protein of VP3. Inhibitory function of MARK1 in affecting viral replication was validated. We describe the phosphorylation event at the serine 130 (S130) and serine 163 (S163) residues of VP3 mediated by MARK1 via mass spectrometry analysis. Alanine replacement of the phosphorylation sites in VP3 significantly enhanced its RNA-binding activity. Additionally, the mutation of two serine residues led to remarkably improved in its polymerase-enhancing function. We then incorporated the two mutations to rescue recombinant IBDV. Viral growth curve analysis revealed that replication of mutant IBDV was significantly enhanced relative to wild type (WT) virus. In conclusion, we found that VP3 functions are specifically regulated by MARK1 mediated phosphorylation at S130 and S163 and that this regulation suppresses IBDV replication ultimately.

Infectious bursal disease virus↗

PubMed2026

Emergence of an optrA-positive Enterococcus faecalis ST699 lineage in animal-derived foods in Beijing, China.

Enterococci from animal-derived foods are key reservoirs for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the food chain. However, comparative genomic studies investigating the distribution of the oxazolidinone resistance gene optrA among food- and human-derived Enterococci remain limited. This study assessed linezolid-resistant Enterococci from retail meat and healthy humans in Beijing, China (2023-2024). Among 87 isolates, E. faecalis and E. faecium predominated. Food-derived isolates showed broader resistance profiles than human isolates. Fourteen optrA-positive strains were identified, accounting for 92.9% of food isolates. optrA frequently co-localized with erm(A), ant(9)-Ia, and fexA on Tn554-family transposons, suggesting a potentially transferable multidrug resistance module. Notably, an optrA-positive E. faecalis ST699 clone was identified for the first time in Chinese retail meat. This clone formed a distinct lineage and carried a complete Tn554-optrA island. A representative ST699 isolate exhibited enhanced fitness and virulence potential in the Galleria mellonella model. These findings highlight animal-derived foods as important reservoirs of linezolid-resistant Enterococci and provide genomic evidence consistent with their role as potential sources of optrA-mediated resistance. The emergence of a multidrug-resistant E. faecalis ST699 clone with enhanced fitness characteristics underscores the need for continued surveillance of foodborne antimicrobial resistance within the One Health framework.

Enterococcus faecalis↗

PubMed2026

A risk-need-responsivity (RNR)-informed systematic review of needs during the pretrial period.

OBJECTIVE: Pretrial risk assessments are becoming increasingly popular in the United States. Despite the importance of assessing and intervening around "needs" in the risk-need-responsivity model, few pretrial risk assessments include comprehensive assessment of needs. We aim to provide a systematic review of the prevalence of and predictive utility of needs within the pretrial population. HYPOTHESES: There were no hypotheses given the nature of the study. METHOD: We conducted searches for articles in the EBSCO, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases using key words related to 11 needs domains: antisocial personality, procriminal attitudes, procriminal associates, substance use, family/marital relationships, school/work, prosocial recreational activities, self-esteem, housing, mental health, and physical health. We identified 215 articles that reported on the prevalence of needs or explored their predictive associations with pretrial misconduct outcomes in adult populations. RESULTS: Overall, we find few comprehensive investigations of needs in the pretrial domain, apart from substance use. Variation in methodology and operationalization contributes to wide variability in prevalence estimates. We found only 15 articles that examined predictive associations between pretrial needs and outcomes, which were limited to investigations of behavioral health, employment, and housing needs. Substance use and housing needs emerged as the only consistent predictors of pretrial misconduct. CONCLUSIONS: Researchers should more directly assess the prevalence and predictive utility of needs within the pretrial period to bolster the evidence base for including these factors in pretrial risk assessments. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Characterization of ZIC5 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its association with patient survival.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent malignancy known for its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels and clinical importance of the Zic family member 5 (ZIC5) gene in ESCC. Gene expression data and survival information obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus were utilized. In 176 patients with surgically resected ESCC, immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to validate the expression of ZIC5 protein in cancerous and adjacent tissues. The findings of the present study revealed a significant upregulation of ZIC5 in ESCC compared with normal tissues (P<0.05), which was further corroborated by immunohistochemistry exhibiting a notable association between ZIC5 expression and clinical parameters such as tumor size, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging (P<0.05). Survival analysis further indicated that high ZIC5 expression was an independent prognostic factor for poor outcomes in patients with ESCC (hazard ratio=1.519; 95% CI: 1.017-2.269; P<0.05). In addition, bioinformatic analyses predicted that hsa-microRNA-212-5p may regulate ZIC5 mRNA and gene enrichment analysis suggested that ZIC5 may facilitate ESCC progression through involvement in the cell cycle and DNA repair pathways. In conclusion, ZIC5 is highly expressed in ESCC and associated with a poor prognosis, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker for ESCC management. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying the role of ZIC5 in ESCC progression.

ESCC↗

PubMed2026

Synchronicity of parent-child sleep and potential mechanisms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Existing evidence indicates that parent and child circadian rhythms are associated, but studies have mainly examined factors affecting child sleep health. This systematic review addressed two questions: a) is there a synchronous relationship between parent and offspring sleep? and b) what are the potential mechanisms? PubMed, Embase, PsychINFO, and Scopus were searched from inception to April 2025. Forty-six studies comprising over 100000 parent-child dyads across 16 countries were included. Results showed small-to-moderate parent-child synchronicity in sleep duration (r = 0.18, 95% CI [0.14, 0.23]), sleep efficiency (r = 0.30, 95% CI [0.19, 0.41]), bedtime (r = 0.34, 95% CI [0.20, 0.46]), and wake up time (r = 0.48, 95% CI [0.24, 0.66]), with stronger effects observed in mother-child dyads. Synchronicity in sleep continuity was moderate, whereas associations in sleep satisfaction were small and non-significant. Mechanisms included genetic and hormonal factors, bedtime routines, shared environments, and attachment. These findings are consistent with family systems theory's premise that sleep is a relational phenomenon. Observed synchronicity in sleep timing may partly reflect shared external constraints like work and school schedules. Most studies were cross-sectional, limiting causal or directional conclusions. Future research should adopt standardized methodologies and longitudinal designs to clarify mechanistic pathways.

Humans↗