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PubMed2026

A systematic review and meta-analysis of visuospatial attentional deficits in Parkinson's patients.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition primarily characterized by motor deficits, yet cognitive impairments are increasingly recognized. While deficits in executive functioning are well documented even in the absence of cognitive decline, evidence of attentional deficits in PD remains inconsistent, and the role of motor symptom lateralization is unclear. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we examined visual attention in right-handed, cognitively unimpaired idiopathic PD patients, focusing on the canonical attentional domains (sustained, selective, divided) and processes (alerting, endogenous and exogenous orienting, reorienting), as well as visuospatial bias. Four databases were searched for studies comparing PD patients with healthy controls. Meta-analytic estimates were derived using Hedges' g within random-effects models, and studies that could not be quantitatively integrated were summarized narratively. In addition, studies directly comparing patients with left- and right-predominant motor symptoms (LPD vs. RPD) were reviewed qualitatively. Across 51 studies, PD patients exhibited deficits in sustained, selective, and divided attention. Among attentional processes, only exogenous orienting was impaired, whereas alerting, endogenous orienting, and reorienting were preserved. Findings from the few studies examining visuospatial bias indicated small, context-dependent shifts in spatial attention rather than a consistent directional bias. These findings indicate that PD patients show visual-attentional impairments, particularly under high-demand conditions, while basic alertness and voluntary orienting appear preserved. Exogenous orienting deficits and subtle rightward spatial tendencies in LPD suggest disruption of right-hemisphere attentional networks. These results have implications for early cognitive assessment, rehabilitation strategies, and understanding the neural bases of attentional dysfunction in PD.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Do vaccinated cases transmit measles? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: We reviewed evidence on whether vaccinated individuals can transmit measles and conducted a meta-analysis to understand transmission characteristics. METHODS: We searched and extracted data from peer-reviewed and gray literature and included studies reporting measles transmission events from vaccinated individuals. We meta-analyzed the data to calculate the median number of transmissions from vaccinated cases by measles burden, number of doses, and time since first and last dose. RESULTS: We identified 11,911 peer-reviewed and 22 gray literature records and included 33 articles in our review. Seventy individuals who had received 1 or more doses of measles-containing vaccine transmitted measles virus, resulting in 237 secondary cases. Vaccinated transmitters in eliminated areas were older (median age of 19 years (IQR: 3, 21)) than those in non-eliminated areas (median age 16 years; IQR 13, 18) (p = 0.12). Additionally, 91% (30/33) of studies provided data on subsequent transmission generations, leading to 812 measles cases traced back to vaccinated individuals, with a median of 4 (IQR: 1, 10) cases per vaccinated transmitter. CONCLUSION: Measles transmissions from vaccinated cases, although relatively uncommon, must be considered in public health investigations, as such transmissions can contribute to outbreaks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Space to grieve and grow: A systematic review of psychosocial interventions for people newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review synthesized evidence from intervention studies published over the past 25 years that aimed to improve coping and psychosocial well-being among individuals early in the multiple sclerosis (MS) disease course. The goal was to evaluate intervention characteristics, theoretical foundations, and psychosocial outcomes, and to identify gaps for future research. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science (2000-2025). Eligible studies included quantitative or mixed-methods interventions that addressed coping or psychosocial well-being among adults newly diagnosed with MS. Data extraction and quality assessment were completed independently by multiple reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. RESULTS: Seven studies (n = 345) met inclusion criteria, representing cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, acceptance-based, and nurse- or peer-delivered interventions. The interval between diagnosis and intervention enrollment ranged from 14 days to >4 years, suggesting different phases of adjustment. All interventions produced significant short-term improvements in at least one psychosocial domain (e.g., anxiety, depression, stress, coping, or illness acceptance). However, sustained effects beyond 6-12 months were inconsistent. Common mechanisms across interventions included enhancing self-efficacy, stress management, and adaptive coping. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence suggests that brief psychosocial interventions for adults in the early years after MS diagnosis are feasible and may provide short-term benefits for selected psychosocial outcomes. However, the evidence base remains limited, heterogeneous, and preliminary. Future studies should more clearly define diagnosis timing, use adequately powered designs and longer follow-up, and examine mechanisms of change.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Impact of Physical Environment of Pediatric Inpatient Wards on Children: A Systematic Literature Review.

ObjectiveThe study aimed to examine empirical studies published between 2003 and 2025 to identify elements of physical environments influencing health outcomes and experiences of children and families.BackgroundIn the past 40 years, research has shown that the physical environment influences the health and well-being of patients in the healthcare environment. However, similar research in the context of "pediatric inpatient wards" remains underexplored.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to identify relevant articles. All extracted articles underwent a three-step screening process using PRISMA. A total of 30 eligible articles were used for the analysis. The protocol is registered at PROSPERO (CRD42023408997).ResultsKey findings reveal positive and negative impacts of identified elements. Positive-effect elements include play spaces, space for parents, natural light, connections with nature, and so on, which promote comfort, healing, and emotional resilience. Conversely, negative-effect elements, such as noise, artificial lighting, uncomfortable temperature, and so on, contribute to stress and disrupted sleep. Mixed effects were observed for elements like art and television, which underscore the complexity of designing environments that address the diverse needs of different age groups and genders.ConclusionsThe review findings highlight significant knowledge gaps. The study also tries to bridge existing gaps between research and practice by systematically identifying environmental elements, offering actionable insights to architects, designers, healthcare providers, and policymakers. Future research must adopt rigorous, culturally inclusive approaches to advance the field of pediatric healthcare design and ensure equitable care across diverse sociocultural contexts.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Organizational bullying among nursing faculty: A systematic review of consequences, contributing factors, and interventions.

BACKGROUND: Organizational bullying among nursing faculty is a systemic and pervasive issue with profound psychological, professional, and institutional consequences. Despite increasing awareness, the literature remains fragmented, and a comprehensive synthesis is lacking. METHODS: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and examined empirical studies on organizational bullying among nursing faculty, with no date restrictions applied. A structured search across five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Embase) identified studies that met inclusion criteria related to the consequences, contributing factors, and interventions. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to assess study quality. RESULTS: Fifteen studies meeting the quality threshold were included. Organizational bullying was consistently associated with psychological distress (e.g., anxiety, depression, burnout, suicidal ideation), professional disengagement, and intent to leave. Contributing factors were categorized into structural and organizational (e.g., hierarchical power imbalances, toxic workplace culture), managerial and HR-related (e.g., lack of leadership support, poor reporting mechanisms), and individual/social (e.g., gender or ethnic discrimination, early-career vulnerability). Intervention strategies identified included policy reforms, leadership training, supportive reporting systems, and psychological support services, though evidence on their effectiveness remains limited. CONCLUSIONS: Organizational bullying in nursing academia is a serious and multifaceted challenge with detrimental effects on individuals and institutions. Addressing it requires a comprehensive, evidence-based approach that includes structural reforms, leadership development, and psychosocial support systems. Academic institutions must prioritize the creation of safe, inclusive, and respectful environments to retain faculty and sustain the quality of nursing education.

Faculty, Nursing↗
PubMed2026

Measuring Coping Strategies in Daily Life: A Systematic Review of Experience Sampling Methodology and Daily Diary Studies.

Advances in daily diary methods and experience sampling method (ESM) have improved the study of coping strategies in daily life and their role in shaping health and well-being. In this review, we examine study designs, measurement approaches, and analytical practices used to investigate coping in natural contexts. We performed a systematic review of studies published before 5 December 2025 that used daily diary or ESM to measure coping strategies over multiple days or moments. Studies were examined with regard to sampling schemes, assessment frequency and duration, measurement of coping strategies, incorporation of stressor appraisals, and analytic techniques used to model coping processes. Fifty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated that 80% employed end-of-day diary designs, generally lasting 1-3 weeks, whereas higher-frequency ESM protocols were less common and ranged 2-14 days. Coping strategies were often assessed using abbreviated or single-item measures, frequently adapted from established questionnaires. Many studies incorporated appraisals such as perceived stressor intensity or controllability, enabling tests of coping flexibility. Multilevel modelling was the dominant analytic approach, allowing researchers to distinguish within-person dynamics from between-person differences. However, analyses were predominantly concurrent, and temporally ordered models remained comparatively rare. Overall, the literature demonstrates substantial progress in capturing coping in everyday contexts, yet heterogeneity in measurement and limited use of temporal modelling constrain cumulative knowledge about the temporal links between coping and psychological and physiological health outcomes. Future research would benefit from greater alignment between theoretical assumptions, assessment strategies, and analytic methods.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Approaches to observational study designs and analytical options to evaluate the safety of multi-dose vaccines: a systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Observational studies require careful considerations when evaluating the safety of multidose vaccines. We reviewed design and analytical approaches in observational studies evaluating the safety of multidose vaccines in the post-licensure phase. METHODS: EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus (2018-2022) were searched for hypothesis-testing studies evaluating the safety of multidose vaccines. Key features from frequently used designs were extracted. RESULTS: Among 123 eligible studies, cohort (46%) and self-controlled case series (SCCS)/self-controlled risk interval (SCRI) (40%) followed by case-control (12%) were the most common designs, and 15% of studies used multiple designs. Among cohort studies evaluating multiple doses, vaccination date (36%) and cohort entry with time-updated exposure status (32%) were frequent approaches used to define time zero. Twenty-eight percent of cohort studies did not report time zero; all but one evaluated COVID-19 vaccine effect on post-delivery and fertility-related outcomes. For SCCS/SCRI, 64% of studies accounted for event-dependent exposures, mainly by including pre-exposure periods (53%) and modified SCCS model (48%), while 20% employed multiple correction strategies. Among studies using multiple designs, 68% reached consistent conclusions. CONCLUSIONS: SCCS/SCRI and cohort designs dominate multidose vaccine safety studies. Clear reporting on time zero in pregnancy and fertility-related cohort studies, and on addressing event-dependent exposures in SCCS/SCRI studies is needed, along with guidance on interpreting results from multiple designs.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Privacy, security, and reliability risks of artificial intelligence in healthcare: a systematic review of empirical evidence.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into healthcare information systems, supporting clinical decision-making, imaging analysis, and predictive modeling. While these applications offer operational and clinical benefits, they also introduce emerging risks to patient privacy, data security, and system reliability. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review empirical evidence on privacy breaches, security vulnerabilities, and misuse associated with AI applications in healthcare settings. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library were searched for empirical studies published between January 2015 and November 2025 that evaluated AI use or misuse in clinical diagnosis, treatment, or decision-making. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data using a standardized form. Findings were synthesized narratively due to heterogeneity in study designs, AI methods, and reported outcomes. RESULTS: Of 7,285 records identified through database searches and 205 through citation screening, 22 empirical studies met the inclusion criteria, spanning multiple clinical domains and data modalities, predominantly medical imaging applications. Five recurring threat categories were identified: patient re-identification, membership inference, unauthorized access and adversarial exploitation, input manipulation, and misuse or overinterpretation of AI outputs. Across studies, AI models were shown to encode latent biometric signals across diverse data types, limiting the effectiveness of traditional anonymization and synthetic data approaches. Adversarial attacks and input manipulation were also shown to compromise diagnostic performance and system integrity. CONCLUSION: This systematic review provides empirical evidence suggesting that contemporary AI systems in healthcare introduce privacy and security risks that may challenge traditional assumptions about data protection. These findings underscore the need for privacy- and security-by-design approaches and governance frameworks that address risks across the AI lifecycle.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Imaging techniques for assessing the hand in systemic sclerosis: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune connective tissue disease frequently associated with hand involvement, leading to significant functional impairment. Imaging techniques provide unique opportunities to visualize and quantify structural and functional abnormalities of the hand, supporting diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment evaluation. This systematic review summarizes the imaging techniques used in SSc. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed and Embase was conducted. Eligible studies included original research articles in English that applied or evaluated imaging techniques of the hands in SSc, published after 2000. Ultrasound and nailfold capillaroscopy were excluded, given their established use. Screening was performed independently by two authors. Findings were synthesized by clinical manifestations, study quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. RESULTS: Sixty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, 25 distinct imaging techniques were identified, enabling assessment of various hand structures, including vascular involvement, inflammation, fibrosis, calcifications, erosions, and bone marrow edema. Vascular imaging was most extensively studied, particularly in the context of Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ischemia, with multiple techniques demonstrating impaired perfusion and altered thermoregulatory responses. MRI consistently detected subclinical inflammatory and erosive changes of joints and soft tissues,. CT-based techniques provided detailed assessment of calcinosis cutis, while optical and photoacoustic methods showed promise for quantifying skin fibrosis. CONCLUSION: Imaging techniques provide valuable, complementary insights into hand involvement in SSc, often revealing subclinical disease. Despite promising results, limited standardization and longitudinal validation currently restrict clinical implementation. Future studies should focus on harmonizing protocols and validating against clinically meaningful outcomes.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

How AI-supported intelligent systems support infection prevention and control training in healthcare: A systematic review of educational functions and outcomes.

AIMS: Artificial intelligence (AI)-supported intelligent systems have been increasingly incorporated into infection prevention and control (IPC) education and training, primarily to support the monitoring of observable behaviors and the provision of feedback. However, existing evidence has focused largely on short-term compliance outcomes, with limited synthesis of the educational role of AI-supported intelligent systems in supporting sustained IPC competence. This systematic review examined how AI-supported intelligent systems have been designed and used to support IPC education and training, with a focus on system characteristics, educational functions, and reported outcomes. DESIGN: A systematic literature search was conducted across the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases. DATA SOURCES: A total of 18 studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings were qualitatively synthesized according to system design characteristics, educational functions, and outcome domains. REVIEW METHODS: Methodological quality was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. RESULTS: Most AI-supported intelligent systems focused on hand hygiene and relied on fully automated monitoring systems to capture behaviors and provide performance feedback. Educational functions were predominantly limited to performance assessment, automated feedback, and reminders. Outcomes were mainly measured using compliance or performance metrics, whereas sustained behavioral change and decision quality were rarely assessed. CONCLUSIONS: AI-supported intelligent systems have been used primarily to reinforce short-term IPC performance and compliance. However, their current applications for supporting sustained competence over time remain limited. The findings of this review suggest that AI-supported intelligent systems may serve as maintenance-oriented educational support by extending learning beyond initial instruction through repeated practice and feedback. Future research should prioritize outcome measures that capture the durability of performance and decision-making processes to better align AI-supported intelligent systems used in IPC education and training with the educational demands of clinical practice.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Frequent readmissions after hospitalization for alcohol withdrawal: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use disorder and alcohol withdrawal syndrome impose substantial clinical and economic burdens, with repeated hospitalizations being common. We aimed to systematically review readmission rates following inpatient detoxification, assess variation across study designs and hospital settings, and identify key risk and protective factors. METHODS: We performed a literature search in Embase and Pubmed on 10/04/2026 focusing on studies assessing in hospital alcohol detoxification. Exclusion criteria included studies on substance use other than alcohol and outpatient or residential treatment. Main outcome was rehospitalization, and meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled readmission proportions. Secondary outcomes were risk factors and protective factors influencing the rate of rehospitalization. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies were included. The pooled proportion of readmissions following alcohol detoxification was estimated at 17% (95% CI: 14%-21%; 13 studies, n = 287,896) within 1 month, increasing to 44% (95% CI: 36%-52%; 8 studies, n = 2,877) at 1 year. Substantial between-study heterogeneity was observed. Subgroup analyses found no significant differences by hospital setting or time period. Findings for study aim and study design were mixed and based on limited data A small number of studies suggested associations with housing stability, employment, and treatment engagement. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that approximately one in six patients are readmitted within 1 month and nearly half within 1 year after inpatient alcohol detoxification. However, readmission rates varied considerably across settings and populations. Future research should evaluate targeted interventions to reduce readmissions among high-risk patient groups.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Efferocytosis regulatory factors in atherosclerosis: A preclinical systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Impaired efferocytosis is a key driver of plaque instability during atherosclerosis progression. Efficient clearance of apoptotic cells through efferocytosis relies on the coordinated action of multiple regulatory factors. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, OVID MEDLINE, and Scopus were searched for studies published up to February 7, 2026. Eligible preclinical studies were systematically reviewed to identify endogenous factors that regulate efferocytosis in atherosclerosis. Clinical evidence was also incorporated to enable a preliminary translational assessment of these regulatory factors. RESULTS: Thirty-five endogenous regulatory factors were identified from 36 included studies, and their functional roles across distinct stages of efferocytosis were characterized. Notably, metabolic regulators such as PKM2, PFKFB3, GLS1, and Drp1 were involved in distinct efferocytosis stages. This suggests that metabolic reprogramming may provide the metabolic support require for efficient efferocytosis and inflammation resolution. Ten factors were supported by preliminary clinical evidence consistent with preclinical data. PKM2 was the only candidate biomarker with prospective observational data. However, its independent predictive value still requires validation in multicenter prospective studies. CONCLUSIONS: This review provides a systematic synthesis of 35 endogenous efferocytosis regulators and elucidates their regulatory network in atherosclerosis based on a functional stage framework. Metabolic reprogramming is identified as a central hub linking efferocytosis efficiency to inflammation resolution. This review offers a new theoretical basis for efferocytosis-targeted intervention strategies.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Subacute and long-term changes in cognitive functioning after administration of classic psychedelics, MDMA and ketamine: A systematic review of clinical and preclinical evidence.

Psychedelic agents induce a window of heightened neuroplasticity that extends beyond acute intoxication, during which neural circuits are more amenable to change. This period may facilitate changes in cognition relevant to the treatment of psychiatric disorders. This systematic review synthesised clinical and preclinical evidence of subacute and long-term (≥1 day) effects of classic and non-classic psychedelics on cognition. MEDLINE, EMBASE, APA PsycInfo and Web of Science were searched to identify human and animal studies investigating psychedelics and cognition (executive function, attention, decision-making). Sixty-seven (47 clinical, 20 preclinical) articles met inclusion criteria. Psilocybin demonstrated the most consistent evidence of subacute and longer-term cognitive improvement, particularly in cognitive flexibility and attention. Ketamine showed enhancement across cognitive domains, although findings were heterogeneous. LSD and DMT showed no consistent subacute changes, while MDMA was associated with transient cognitive impairments that resolved within days. Risk of bias assessments revealed selective outcome reporting, poor reporting of missing data and inadequate methodological detail, limiting the confidence of findings. Current evidence provides preliminary support for subacute changes in cognition following administration of select psychedelic agents. Cognitive improvements were more frequently seen in psychiatric populations than healthy subjects, which may reflect a remediation of existing cognitive deficit rather than enhancement above normal functioning. Adequately powered, controlled studies with standardised reporting of cognitive outcomes are required to determine the magnitude, durability and clinical relevance of psychedelic-associated cognitive change.

Hallucinogens↗
PubMed2026

Artificial intelligence in genitourinary oncology: publication trends and systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct an analysis of publication trends and a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to characterize the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) use in genitourinary (GU) oncology, as AI has emerged as a transformative tool in healthcare with potential applications in diagnostics, treatment planning, and prognostication. METHODS: We searched the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE; Ovid), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Ultimate for studies related to AI and GU oncology, excluding non-English papers, non-human studies, review articles, and articles using AI solely for manuscript writing. Publication trends were analysed from 2013 to 2023 and categorized by study design and cancer type. RCTs were evaluated through systematic review using Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation Ltd, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia) for screening and data extraction. Two reviewers independently assessed all studies, with risk of bias (RoB) evaluated using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. RESULTS: Of 2409 articles identified, 1220 met inclusion criteria. These included 962 retrospective articles, 175 prospective studies, 79 studies with combined retrospective/prospective methods, and four RCTs. Studies most commonly addressed prostate (n = 923), renal (n = 274), and urothelial (n = 194) cancers. Publications grew from 14 in 2013 to 362 in 2023, with substantial acceleration in 2019. Four RCTs were identified - one in urothelial cancer and three in prostate cancer. Two RCTs evaluated AI-based diagnostics, demonstrating improved performance over conventional methods; the remaining two RCTs evaluated AI in prognostication and treatment planning, showing improved gains in imaging interpretation and operational efficiency. RoB varied across studies, primarily related to randomisation and deviations from intended interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Artificial intelligence research in GU oncology has grown, although high-level evidence from RCTs remains limited. Existing trials underscore AI's promise in diagnostics, prognostication, and treatment planning, and the rapidly evolving nature of this field warrants continued prospective investigation.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Hilar lymph node involvement in pediatric liver cancer and its impact on outcomes: A systematic review.

UNLABELLED: Management of liver tumors in children is well-defined, with clear treatment protocols established by organizations such as the International Society of Pediatric Oncology-Liver group (SIOPEL), the Children's Oncology Group (COG), and the Japanese Study Group for Pediatric Liver Tumors (JPLT). However, no structured approach exists for hilar lymph node (LN) resection. Surgical practices vary among centers, reflecting the adult setting. This systematic review aims to examine the current evidence on hilar lymphadenectomy in pediatric patients with primary liver tumors and to assess LN positivity rates and their associations with recurrence and survival. METHODS: A structured literature search was conducted on MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science (2004-January 2025) using keywords: lymph node, hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver tumor. Patients under 21 years were included. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024501895), and Rayyan software supported screening and review. RESULTS: Eight studies (880 patients) were included. Diagnoses were hepatoblastoma (HB, n = 277), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 507), and other tumors (n = 96). LN dissection details were available for 431 patients: 349 (80.9%) had no metastases. In the HB group, 43% underwent hilar LN dissection with 0% positivity. In HCC, 33.6% had positive nodes. In other tumors, 7.8% showed LN involvement. Data on survival impact were limited. CONCLUSIONS: In HB, routine LN dissection may be unnecessary due to universally negative nodes. For HCC, the one-in-three positivity rate supports further evaluation of lymphadenectomy. Evidence remains limited for other tumors. Prospective multicenter studies using standardized protocols are needed to define the role of LN evaluation beyond HB.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

"Out of sync and overlooked" - Relationship between social jetlag and anxiety in adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anxiety is the most prevalent mental health difficulty in adolescence, a period characterised by a shift towards an eveningness chronotype that is not aligned with societal demands (i.e., school start times). Experiencing "social jetlag" (SJL), a discrepancy in weekday-weekend sleep timing, is proposed to be associated with increased anxiety. A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between SJL and anxiety in adolescents (age range: 12-18 years). Systematic searches were conducted in PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global on 14th November 2024 to retrieve empirical studies analysing the relationship between SJL and anxiety in 12-18-year-olds. A multi-level random-effect meta-analysis was conducted in R to estimate the magnitude of the association between SJL and anxiety. After screening 2,138 records, 18 studies were included in the systematic review, with 12 included in the meta-analysis (235,526 participants in total) and six in a narrative review. A small association was found between increased SJL and more severe anxiety (Fisher's z = 0.0614, 95% CI [0.0268, 0.0961], p = 0.0011). These findings highlight the importance of addressing behavioural strategies targeting healthy regular sleep as a tool to improve mental health in adolescence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Hepatotoxicity of OBS: A review of the emerging PFOS substitute.

As an alternative to perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), sodium perfluorononenyl oxobenzene sulfonate (OBS) is widely used due to its cost-effectiveness. Multiple studies have shown that the liver is a classic target organ for OBS. However, there is currently no systematic review on the hepatotoxic effects of OBS. This review systematically summarizes the exposure characteristics of OBS in the environment and human populations, as well as its mechanisms of liver toxicity. In vivo studies consistently demonstrate that OBS induces hepatotoxic effects, such as hepatomegaly, vacuolization, elevated serum transaminases, and lipid dysregulation, though the manifestation of these phenotypes varies across species and exposure routes. In vitro evidence further shows that OBS reduces cell viability and survival, and triggers necrosis accompanied by inflammation. Mechanistically, oxidative stress, inflammatory signaling, and metabolism disorder are implicated. Critically, most existing work addresses subacute or subchronic exposure, leaving a gap in chronic risk assessment for long-term, low-dose OBS exposure. Moreover, mechanistic studies have focused predominantly on downstream transcriptional and signaling changes, with limited exploration of upstream epigenetic controls. Overall, this study aims to provide a comprehensive reference for future toxicological investigations and liver injury risk assessments related to OBS exposure.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

The influence of organizational culture on medication safety practices and associated risk factors in the community setting: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Increasing attention has been given to the role of organizational culture in influencing medication safety practices across healthcare settings. The lack of widely accepted standardized instrumentation makes operational measurement of organizational culture and medication safety challenging. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the impact of organizational culture on medication safety within community healthcare settings. METHODS: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Nursing & Allied Health were searched in August 2025 using keywords, subject terms, field codes, and Boolean operators to identify papers relevant to the review question; bibliographies of included studies were also reviewed. Screening and full-text review were completed independently by two reviewers with a third to adjudicate conflicts. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme was used for quality assessment. The PRISMA statement guided the development and implementation of the review. RESULTS: Thirteen articles were included representing various community settings. Most studies reported on untoward medication events, but few measured systematically collected safety data before and after an intervention. Organizational culture was seldom defined or operationalized. Most studies were methodologically sound, but the overall level of evidence was weak to moderate. CONCLUSION: Organizational culture influences medication safety through aspects such as communication channels, teamwork, training, and an environment that allows error and near-miss reporting. Few studies explicitly evaluate the causal impact of culture interventions on measurable medication safety outcomes in community healthcare settings. Further research should incorporate standardized measurement tools and intervention-based, pre-post designs to better understand how organizational culture influences medication safety in community healthcare settings.

Organizational Culture↗