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PubMed · 7875777

Refractive errors in preterm babies.

M Verma·J Chhatwal·S Jaison·S Thomas·R Daniel
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Abstract

Fifty preterm neonates were followed up at the age of 6 months and 1 year. In addition to developmental assessment, a complete ophthalmological examination was done on both visits. The largest (62%) gestational age group was of 34-36 weeks. At 6 months, none of the infants had normal vision. At 1 year of age, 64% of the babies had normal vision while incidence of myopia and hypermetropia was 16% and 20%, respectively. There was an inverse relationship noted between gestation and incidence of refractive errors. It was also noted that with decreasing weight, the incidence of myopia increased. Myopia was seen exclusively among infants of birth weight of 2000 g or less. Birth weight had a significant positive correlation with astigmatism. No correlation of asphyxia with refractive errors was observed. It is recommended that all preterm babies should have an ophthalmological examination at one year of age with follow up later on.

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AnisometropiaAsphyxia NeonatorumAstigmatismBirth WeightFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGestational AgeHumansHyperopiaIncidenceIndiaInfantInfant, Low Birth WeightInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureMaleMyopiaRefractive ErrorsVision, OcularAge FactorsAsiaBiologyBody WeightDemographic FactorsDeveloping CountriesExaminations And DiagnosesFetusFollow-up StudiesLow Birth WeightOphthalmological EffectsPhysiologyPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPregnancyReproductionResearch ReportSouthern AsiaStudiesYouthJournal Article

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M Verma, J Chhatwal, S Jaison, S Thomas, R Daniel. 1994. Refractive errors in preterm babies.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7875777/

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PubMed2006

Development of astigmatism and anisometropia in preterm children during the first 10 years of life: a population-based study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the development of astigmatism and anisometropia to 10 years of age in preterm children, previously included in a population-based study on the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS: Cycloplegic retinoscopies were performed in 198 preterm children at 6 months, 2(1/2) years, and 10 years of age. We analyzed the development of astigmatism of 1 diopter (D) or more and anisometropia of 1 D or more. RESULTS: The amount and prevalence of astigmatism declined between 6 months and 2(1/2) years of age and then remained stable. We found no difference in the course of astigmatism at different ages with regard to stage of retinopathy of prematurity. The amount of anisometropia increased, but its prevalence remained unchanged. Multiple regression analyses showed that astigmatism of 1 D or more at 2(1/2) years of age and cryotreated severe retinopathy of prematurity were risk factors for astigmatism at 10 years of age, and that anisometropia of 2 D or more at 2(1/2) years of age was a risk factor for anisometropia at 10 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: The development of astigmatism and anisometropia showed a similar course, regardless of stage of retinopathy of prematurity. The retinoscopy findings at 6 months of age were of no value in predicting astigmatism and anisometropia at 10 years of age, but the refraction at 2(1/2) years of age was. Retinoscopy at about 2(1/2) years of age in all preterm children may be useful for detecting astigmatism and anisometropia that will persist in children of school age.

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