PubMed · 2597850
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O van der Hart, S Boon. 1989. Multiple personality disorder.. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.3.419a
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We report a 48-year-old patient who developed secondary achalasia because of esophageal sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis can involve many gastrointestinal tract organs and can affect the esophagus in different ways. We describe how achalasia was diagnosed and treated in our patient and provide a review of the presentations of esophageal sarcoidosis.
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In two neonate girls with vesicular skin lesions, incontinentia pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome) was diagnosed. This rare X-linked dominant ectodermal disease can cause abnormalities in several organ systems. Most prominent are the dermatological abnormalities, developing in 4 stages: the vesicular stage, the verrucous stage, the hyperpigmentation phase, and the atrophic phase. In addition to the cutaneous manifestations, many patients have anomalies of nails, hair and teeth. Serious related abnormalities of the eyes (intraocular vasculopathy) and central nervous system (convulsions, mental retardation) may occur. In 1989 the locus for the incontinentia pigmenti mutation was shown to be present on Xq28. Recently it was shown that the causative mutation is located on the NEMO ('NF-kappa B essential modulator') gene. A NEMO knock-out mouse model shows a dermatopathy of a transient nature, resembling the skin lesions in patients with incontinentia pigmenti.