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Biomedical subjects

Y Uji

Publications and source records attributed to Y Uji.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The effects of beta-adrenergic agonists on cone systems in the cat eye.

The effects of the beta-adrenergic agonist nylidrin and the beta 2-adrenergic agonist clenbuterol on electroretinogram and optic nerve response were studied in the isolated and arterially perfused, light-adapted cat eye. Two cone mechanisms, short wavelength-sensitive and long wavelength-sensitive, were functionally separated by means of intense yellow adaptation. A reversible increase in b-wave amplitude in response to nylidrin or clenbuterol was observed for the cone systems. Both drugs also caused a reversible alteration in configuration of the optic nerve response, mainly a depression of the late components related in time to the changes in the electroretinogram. These observations suggest that beta-adrenergic mechanisms are involved in cone systems. The greater increase in b-wave amplitude on 558-nm stimulation and preliminary evidence for greater increase in sensitivity observed in the V-log I function compared with 439 nm further suggest that the short and long wavelength cone systems are affected differently by beta-adrenergic agonists.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of beta-blockers on retinal function in vitro].

In an attempt to identify possible beta-adrenergic mechanisms in the cat retina the authors extended their previous studies on the effects of beta-agonists (Graefe's Arch. clin. exp. Ophthalmol. 225: 33-38, 1987) to three beta-adrenergic antagonists: propranolol, ICI 118.551, and timolol were applied in micromolar concentrations to the arterially perfused, dark-adapted cat eye. The rod ERG b-wave was generally depressed, sometimes enhanced after initial depression (propranolol), without showing any clear-cut dose-dependency. In contrast, the rod-mediated optic nerve action potential exhibited dose-dependent depression of the plateau and OFF components. All effects were reversible within 60-80 minutes. These results, in conjunction with earlier data on the effects of beta-agonists and recent biochemical and autoradiographic studies, strongly support the theory that there are beta-adrenergic synaptic mechanisms located in the inner layers of the mammalian retina.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1987

Separation and quantitation of plasma free fatty acids as phenacyl esters by HPLC.

We have developed a rapid method for the separation of plasma free fatty acids as their phenacyl esters by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a reversed-phase (C18) column. The derivatives of series of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (C12:0-C22:6) are simultaneously separated within 45 min and detected with ultraviolet at 241 nm. The limit of detection of fatty acids was approximately 0.5 nmol in 20 microL injected volume of extracts, and the coefficient of variation of the present method did not exceed 3.0%. Comparison of the results of the present HPLC method with those of gas chromatography, gave very good correlations for all fatty acids in human plasma.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1987

Spectral characteristics of electroretinography in congenital red-green color blindness.

There are few conclusive electroretinography (ERG) studies comparing the spectral characteristics in deutans and normals in contrast to protans and normals. The difficulties of research on deutans were thought to be due to problems in detecting the very slight differences in the spectral characteristics between deutans and normal subjects. To record monochromatic ERG responses accurately in deutans, our time-locked scanning method was improved as follows: We used 12 interference filters for stimulus lights with narrow half widths (4-6 nm) and wavelengths of peak transmission arranged at intervals of 10 nm between 520 nm and 600 nm. Each stimulus light was strictly adjusted to an equal energy and checked simultaneously with ERG recordings. Contact lens electrodes were reformed for comfortable fitting to subjects' corneas. The time interval between each stimulation was set at 300 msec and one scanning of all stimulations took only 3.9 sec. ERG bp-waves were recorded in congenital color blindness by scanning monochromatic light stimuli, and spectral responses obtained could be evaluated as a spectral pattern. Different spectral patterns of responses from those of normal subjects and shift of the peak in the spectral response curves were obtained for congenital color blind subjects. The maximal responses were recorded at around 540 nm in protans and at 570-580 nm in deutans under white adaptation. Differences in the response curves were not found between dichromats and anomalous trichromats. Moreover, selective chromatic adaptation disclosed the separate responses of green cone and red cone systems. In normal subjects the peak of the spectral response curves was shifted to around 540 nm by red adaptation and to around 580 nm by blue adaptation. The spectral patterns changed so that they looked like the patterns under white adaptation of protans and deutans, respectively. But in protans and deutans the same spectral response patterns and almost the same wavelengths of the peak in the spectral response curves as those obtained under white adaptation were recorded under chromatic adaptation. This method provides the possibility of differentiating between red and green color blind subjects and normal subjects by the ERG. Defects or marked abnormality in the red cone system in protans and the green cone system in deutans can also be detected. Monochromatic ERGs of deutans were recorded under more intense red adaptation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Monochromatic electroretinogram of deutan defect in the presence of intense red adaptation.

Monochromatic electroretinograms (ERGS) of deutans were recorded in the presence of intense red adaptation. The responses of some deutans were barely detectable or remarkably reduced, with the maximum response at the same wavelength (570-580 nm) as that under white adaptation. Those of other deutans showed a slight shift of the peak wavelength and the spectral pattern toward the shorter wavelength side although the amplitudes of the responses were much lower than those of normals under the same adaptation. These two types of change of spectral response patterns by intense red adaptation were investigated in relation to the anomaloscopic findings. The presence of the peak shift of the spectral pattern caused by red adaptation may depend on the degree of contribution of the green cone system to color vision in the deutan.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1986

The electroretinographic characteristics of congenital tritan defects.

Electroretinographic studies were performed in three congenital tritanopic subjects in a single pedigree. The b-waves were recorded in the presence of white and intense yellow adaptation in response to 16 monochromatic light stimuli. Compared with the response of normal subjects, a marked reduction or a lack of the blue cone responses was clearly shown in the spectral response patterns of tritanopes. Electroretinograms elicited by strong white stimulation or xenon flashes showed negative responses (a-waves larger than b-waves) with normal rod function in each tritanopic subject. This finding points to abnormalities of red cone and green cone function as well in tritanopes.

Color↗
PubMed1984

Automated measurement of amylase isoenzymes with 4-nitrophenyl-maltoheptaoside as substrate and use of a selective amylase inhibitor.

We automated a kinetic procedure for determining amylase isoenzymes in serum and urine samples. We used 4-nitro-phenylmaltoheptaoside as substrate and a selective amylase inhibitor with the Abbott-VP bichromatic system. By use of the maximum differences between pancreatic (P) and salivary (S) amylase activities remaining after inhibition by the selective inhibitor and by use of the linear range, a one-point standard method for calibration is proposed for determining amylase activities between about 50 and 1500 U/L when the P/S ratio exceeds 0.2. Results correlated well with those by electrophoresis and the Phadebas method (r = 0.99 for both pancreatic and salivary amylase). Reproducibilities (CVs) were 1.5% to 5.5% for pancreatic amylase and 1.4% to 3.3% for salivary amylase in serum, 0.8% to 2.0% for pancreatic amylase and 0.8% to 2.3% for salivary amylase in urine.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Enzymic determination of free fatty acids in serum.

We describe the enzymic determination of free fatty acids in serum with use of acyl-CoA synthetase (EC l.2.1.3), acyl-CoA oxidase (no EC no. assigned) and peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7). The free fatty acids are activated by acyl-CoA synthetase in the presence of ATP and coenzyme A. The acyl-CoA formed is oxidized by acyl-CoA oxidase to enoyl-CoA with simultaneous production of hydrogen peroxide, which is oxidatively coupled with 4-amino-antipyrine and 2,4-dibromphenol in the presence of peroxidase to yield a product that absorbs maximally at 505 nm. Standard curves prepared with various kinds of fatty acids are linear to at least 2.0 mmol/L and are practically congruent. Ascorbic acid or bilirubin interferes slightly. Results by the present method correlate well with those by the colorimetric method involving 2-(2-thiozolylazo)-p-cresol (r = 0.98). Replicate analyses of standard solution and of two kinds of control sera demonstrated the following between-assay precision: mean absorbance 0.224 (SD 0.002), CV 0.85%; mean concentration, 326 (SD 7.3) and 1076 (SD 22.7) mumol/L, CV 2.24 and 2.11%, respectively.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗