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Biomedical subjects

Y Uji

Publications and source records attributed to Y Uji.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Seasonal variation of intraocular pressure after trabeculotomy].

The author reviewed the seasonal variation of intraocular pressure (IOP) in primary open angle glaucoma or late type developmental glaucoma to investigate possible relationships among seasonal variation of IOP, progression of visual field defects and the follow-up period between 53 eyes of 39 subjects with successful trabeculotomy (trabeculotomy group) and 45 eyes of 31 subjects with only medication (no operation group). IOPs in both groups were inclined to be low in summer and high in winter. Maximum seasonal variation of IOP and standard deviation of IOP during all follow-up periods which showed the degree of seasonal variation of IOP had no significant difference between the trabeculotomy group and the no operation group. These results showed that seasonal variation of IOP was not reduced even by successful trabeculotomy. The maximum seasonal variation of IOP and standard deviation of IOP had a tendency to be bigger in cases with progression of visual field defects than in cases with no progression of visual field defects, in both groups. Therefore, seasonal variation of IOP may be an important factor influencing the progression of visual field defects.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1992

Specific assay of serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 by proteolysis with alpha-chymotrypsin and protein denaturation.

We devised a method for assaying serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 (LD-1) activity specifically by preincubation with alpha-chymotrypsin and guanidine. Cleavage of phenylalanine bonds in the loop of A and B subunits of LD-3, LD-4, and LD-5 isoenzymes (residues 117-119) by incubation with alpha-chymotrypsin for a short time completely inactivated these isoenzymes and partially inactivated LD-2. Addition of guanidine (0.50 mol/L, pH 7.8) to the incubation mixture containing the chymotrypsin completed the inactivation of LD-2. As much as 4000 U/L of LD-2, LD-3, LD-4, and LD-5 were inactivated, whereas LD-1 was affected only slightly. Results by this method (y) correlated well with those by the Roche Isomune immunochemical LD-1 method (x): y = 0.98 x -0.11, r = 0.99 (n = 60). Within-run CVs were 0.5-2.5%. Several common interferents had no effect. In 500 healthy people, serum LD-1 ranged between 66 and 130 U/L, with a mean +/- SD of 88 +/- 15 U/L.

Chymotrypsin↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of carteolol on electroretinograms in isolated perfused cat eye].

Effects of carteolol on ERG b-wave amplitude were investigated in dark adapted isolated perfused cat eyes. Carteolol enhanced ERG b-waves with both strong stimuli that reflect the function of both the rod and cone systems, and weak stimuli that reflect the function of the rod system. These observations suggest the following two ideas i.e.: 1. Carteolol increases the flow in retinal vessels of perfusate. or 2. Carteolol has interaction with retinal beta-adrenergic receptors related to the origin of the ERG b-wave. It is likely that both participate in the intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and the release activity of the endothelium derived relaxing factor of carteolol.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of serum troponin T measurement in acute myocardial infarction].

A monoclonal solid phase enzyme immunoassay has been developed for the detection of human troponin T. The serum troponin T levels in healthy subjects gave 0.05 +/- 0.06 ng/ml in total (n = 176), 0.06 +/- 0.07 ng/ml in males (n = 79) and 0.03 +/- 0.05 ng/ml in females. Within-run and between-run precision (CVs) of the assay were less than 5%. Various common interferents tested did not affect on the assay, but higher titer of rheumatoid factor, and anti-coagulants such as EDTA, heparin oxalate and citrate affected the assay. In all patients with defined acute myocardial infarction, serum troponin T levels increased 7 to 10 folds the upper reference range within 6 hours after the onset of chest pains and maximum elevation of serum troponin T level was at around 20 hours and its levels remained elevated for 7 to 20 days. Specificity and sensitivity for acute myocardial infarction was 92.4% and 100%, respectively. The results indicated that troponin T measurement improved the diagnostic efficiency for the detection of myocardial necrosis as compared with conventionally used cardiac enzymes and was an effective tool for the confirmation of the reperfusion by PTCA and PTCR.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Automated immunoturbidimetric analysis of six plasma apolipoproteins: correlation with radial immunodiffusion assays.

We measured six apolipoproteins (apo AI, AII, B, CII, CIII, and E) by turbidimetric method using an automatic discrete biochemical analyzer and commercially available antisera. The turbidimetric method was compared with the single radial immunodiffusion method. Linearity for serum apolipoprotein assay by the automated turbidimetric method was better than by the single immuno-diffusion method. The linearity by the turbidimetric method was 2.5 G/L for AI, 1.0 G/L for AII, 4.5 G/L for B, 0.12 G/L for CII, 0.3 G/L for CIII, and 0.12 G/L for E. The presence of high concentrations of bilirubin (up to 0.15 G/L) and hemoglobin (up to 50 G/L) interfered with apolipoprotein measurement. Comparison of the immunoturbidimetric and the single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) methods showed excellent coefficients of correlation, r = 0.963, 0.896, 0.846, 0.936, 0.972, and 0.937 for apo AI, AII, B, CII, CIII, and E, respectively. Reference ranges for the six apolipoproteins were determined by using sera from 450 healthy subjects and were 1.4 +/- 0.3 G/L for AI and 0.3 +/- 0.01 for E. The observed levels of AII (P less than 0.001), B (P less than 0.01), and CIII (P less than 0.01) were significantly higher in males. The serum levels of apo B, CII, and E showed a gradual increase with age which was more prominent in females than in males. The levels of apo AI, AII decreased significantly over an 11 day period in 22 patients with myocardial infarction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Measurement of human ventricular myosin light chain-1 by monoclonal solid-phase enzyme immunoassay in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

A monoclonal solid-phase enzyme immunoassay has been developed for the detection of human serum ventricular myosin light chain-1. Cross-reactivity of this with human skeletal muscle myosin was observed, but the enzyme immunoassay with the sera of patients with acute myocardial infarction gave similar results with radioimmunoassay. The human ventricular myosin light chain-1 levels in the healthy subjects were 0.2-6.6 ng/ml in males and 0.2-4.1 ng/ml in females. Within-run and between-run precision (CVs) of the assays was on the order of 2.3-4.7% and 4.3-8.7, respectively. Sensitivity of the assay was 1.0 ng/ml, and working range was 5-100 ng/ml. In all patients with define acute myocardial infarction, serum ventricular myosin light chain-1 levels increased three- to ten-fold the upper reference range within 6 hr after the onset of chest pains. Two types of subtrend were discovered: its levels remain elevated for 3-4 days and its levels increased and then decreased 1-2 days after the initial rise but became elevated again for the next 4-7 days after the onset of chest pain, which is in contrast to the case with all conventionally used biochemical cardiac markers.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1991

[Immunoinhibitory determination of CK-MM subbands by monoclonal antibody].

The measurement of CK-MM isoform by monoclonal antibody and its clinical application were summarized. The tissue type of CK-MM3 isoform was completely inhibited, MM2 isoform was about 57% and the serum type of CK-MM1 isoform was not inhibited by use of monoclonal antibody. This method enabled selective immunoinhibitory measurement of tissue type of CK-MM isoform. The heat lability and inhibition by EDTA suggested that it is a metal-depending enzyme. The analysis of MM isoform offers a promising alternate, non-invasive method to detect and follow up AMI and successful reperfusion. The MM3/MM1 ratio has been found to peak at about 2 to 6 hours, making it a quicker responding parameter to AMI than MM3 alone and significantly more responsive than the total CK or CK-MB. An MM3/MM1 ratio greater than 1.0 appears to be a practical cutoff point for detection of the pathological release of MM3 from tissue. Reperfusion therapy should be instituted within about 2 to 4 hours of AMI onset.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical significance of creatine kinase isoform assay by a new reagent based on immunoinhibition method].

Clinical significance of creatine kinase (CK) isoform assay by a new diagnostic reagent based on immunoinhibition method was evaluated. In the method, a monoclonal antibody (CKM-G 01), which inhibits MM3 but not MM1 isoform, was used. Serial serum samples from 143 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients were examined in hospitals. Isoform ratio (I.R.: defined as follows; inhibited CK activity/uninhibited CK activity) increased most rapidly (whose peak appeared 8.5 h after onset of AMI), compared with total CK (18.3 h) and CK-MB (16.1 h). In 61 patient samples collected within 4 h from onset, I.R. in 25 samples (41%) exceeded reference interval, whereas total CK in only 17 samples (28%) did it. Reference interval of the I.R. was 0.42 +/- 0.33 (mean +/- SD) in 1,246 normal subjects. These results show that the assay of CK isoforms by the reagents based on immunoinhibition method is useful for earlier detection of AMI.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Optimal conditions for protease use in the assay of serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase.

The optimal conditions for selective proteolytic inactivation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase (c-AST) to determine mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (m-AST) in serum were studied. Protease 401 was found to be effective over a pH range of 6.0-10.0. A pH of 9.5 with 0.5% albumin in the reagent mixture was determined to be optimal for inactivation of c-AST and preservation of m-AST, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and malic dehydrogenase (MDH) in the assay procedure. The presence of serum endogenous protein inhibitors such as alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobin did not inhibit protease 401.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed1990

Proteolytic measurement of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase in human serum.

A new proteolytic measurement of serum mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase was evaluated using cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase inactivating protease. Some of the proteases, such as, alpha-chymotrypsin, subtilisin and cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase inactivating protease 401 from Streptomyces species, also specifically inactivated cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase, but not mitochondrial, aspartate aminotransferase. The protease 401 was the most heat stable for storage and showed a higher inactivation rate for cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase--up to 7000 IU/L--more than 200-fold the upper limit. The coefficient of variation of the proteolytic method was less than 10%. Results by the present method correlated with those by the immunochemical method (r = 0.970) and the regression curve was Y = 0.95X + 1.60 (Y: immunochemical method; X: proteolytic method). In the present assay system, reference values for mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase activity in 500 healthy people ranged from 2.0-7.2 U/L (mean 3.8 U/L).

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed1990

Analysis of polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of Strongyloides ratti in relation to development.

The effect of linolenic acid (C18:3 omega 3) on the development of Strongyloides ratti first-stage larvae (L1) in culture was studied. The fatty acid composition of S. ratti free-living generations was analyzed by gas chromatography. L1 had abundant linoleic acid (C18:2 omega 6) but its proportion decreased with development. On the contrary, eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 omega 3) and C20:4 omega 3 were prominent in the filariform larva (L3). Because C20:5 omega 3 is generally synthesized from C18:3 omega 3 via C20:4 omega 3, the high ratio of C20:5 omega 3/C18:3 omega 3 of L3 in all the free-living generations suggested that polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, particularly the omega-3 series, and eicosanoids produced had important roles in the development of S. ratti L1.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

New automated measurement of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase with use of protease 401.

Total mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), the sum of apo- and holo-mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase activity in human serum, was measured by using a proteolytic method: inactivation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase with cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase-inactivating protease 401 from Streptomyces violaceochromogenes. Cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase is completely inactivated, and apo-mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase is completely activated by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate within 5 min. Results by the proposed method correlated well with those by an immunochemical method (r = 0.994, n = 145) and showed excellent inhibitory activity of the protease for holo- and apo-cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase up to 5000 U/L and activation of mitochondrial apo-aspartate aminotransferase up to 2000 U/L in the presence of 100 mumol of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate per liter. Within-run Cvs were good (1.13-7.49%). Mean values for total mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase and apo-mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase activities in serum of the healthy subjects were 4.8 (SD 0.9) and 1.8 (SD 0.8) U/L, respectively (n = 154). Various common interferents tested did not affect this assay.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed1990

[The ERG recording with high speed scanning of monochromatic stimuli].

Sixteen monochromatic lights with peak wavelengths lying from 400 nm to 700 nm at intervals of 20 nm were adjusted to equal energy. These stimuli were provided in a dark room successively in ascending and descending series from 400 nm to 700 nm were arranged to be continuously sinusoidally flickering. The flickering frequency was changed from 3 Hz to 40 Hz. The spectral responses obtained could be seen and evaluated as a spectral pattern on the oscilloscope rectangular CRT. In both ascending and descending scanning of less than 10 Hz stimulus frequency the spectral response pattern with the low stimulus intensity had maximum amplitude around 500 nm, reflecting the function of the rod system. On the other hand the spectral pattern with the peak response from 540 nm to 580 nm was obtained by the high stimulus intensity, reflecting the function of the cone system. In scanning of more than 20 Hz frequency, the spectral pattern also reflected the characteristics of the cone system. In normal subjects almost the same spectral pattern was obtained at high speed scanning, especially more than 30 Hz for a few seconds, even by averaging. This method can therefore be employed for clinical diagnosis.

Electroretinography↗
PubMed1989

Active transport and metabolic characteristics of polyamines in the rat lens.

Putrescine, spermidine and spermine were transported into the rat lens against a concentration gradient. This process appeared to be energy-dependent and involved a carrier system different from those for amino acids. Competition experiments suggested that the three polyamines were transported by the same system or very similar systems. Incorporated spermine was converted to spermidine and putrescine, and spermidine was converted to putrescine. In contrast, the conversion of putrescine to spermidine and spermine, or the conversion of spermidine to spermine was not observed. Furthermore, ornithine was not utilized for the synthesis of putrescine. These metabolic characteristics of the polyamines in the rat lens were correlated with the extremely low activities of ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. Other enzymes of polyamine metabolisms, however, were relatively active. In conclusion, the lens has a very low ability for the de novo synthesis of polyamines. The polyamines in the lens are considered to be supplied form the surrounding intraocular fluid by an active transport system specific for polyamines.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation and determination of P-type-alpha amylase activity in human serum by monoclonal antibody].

We evaluated a kinetic procedure for determining pancreatic type of alpha-amylase isoenzyme (EC 3.2.1.1.) by using monoclonal salivary amylase antibody in human serum. The principle of this method is to measure residual pancreatic amylase activity after the reaction of monoclonal anti-salivary amylase antibody which is specifically inactivated human salivary amylase. The reaction of antibody with salivary alpha-amylase completed within 2 min of incubation and residual activity of pancreatic amylase was 100%, and the residual salivary amylase activity showed less than 3% of salivary amylase activity after incubation with antibody. The reproducibility and/or precision was 1.2% to 3.4% and the linearity obtained up to 1.500 U/l. Correlation coefficient between the proposed method (y) and electrophoresis (x1) and wheat germ inhibition method (x2) was well, respectively (r = 0.99 with both method, the regression curves was y = 1.02 x1-0.7 and y = 1.04x2-0.7). The reference value from healthy adults (male 98 and female 102) showed 13.6-48.2 U/l according to statistical parametric method and sex difference was not observed. The monoclonal anti-salivary amylase antibody was not cross-reacted with the other animal serum salivary type of amylase.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of congenital retinoschisis in a 34-week gestation female infant].

At age one month a female infant was referred for a fundus examination because she was delivered after a 34-week gestation and her birth weight was 1908 g. Fundus examination revealed a brown granular pigmentary deposition surrounding the foveola in the macular region and a large highly ballooning retinoschisis occupying almost the lower half of the fundus in each eye. There was slight hemorrhage in the vitreous body and the retinoschisis cavity, and no retinal hole. The anterior border of the retinoschisis did not extend to the ora serrata. The almost negative ERG response showed an abnormal b-wave amplitude. Over the course of about one year, the vitreous hemorrhage developed and cleared. The ballooning feature of the retinoschisis also developed and disappeared. On examination of the infant's family her father and elder sister had no abnormal findings but her mother had chorioretinal degeneration with macular yellow pigmentary deposition, visual defect and negative ERG. These abnormal findings of her mother were suggested to have been derived from congenital retinoschisis. Therefore, this is a very rare case because of the different hereditary form, the common sex-linked recessive inheritance, the 34-week gestation and female infant.

Female↗