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Biomedical subjects

Y Tanabe

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tanabe.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Glycosylated hemoglobin and monitoring of diabetic retinopathy].

The value of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) has been determined in diabetic patients with simple or proliferative retinopathy and in those without retinopathy. The mean value of HbA1 is significantly more highly elevated in patients with retinopathy than in those without retinopathy. Progressive augmentation of the value of HbA1 signifies a risk of deterioration of the retinopathy, whether it is a simple retinopathy or proliferative retinopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Mechanisms for development of functional tricuspid regurgitation determined by pulsed Doppler and two-dimensional echocardiography.

Mechanisms for the development of functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) were studied in 41 patients by ultrasound. The severity of TR was classified into 4 grades according to the extent of the regurgitant signal by pulsed Doppler echocardiography (echo). No TR signal was detected in 11 patients; the grade of TR was 1+ in 9 patients, 2+ in 10, 3+ in 8 and 4+ in 9. Using 2-dimensional echo, the tricuspid anular area was estimated from a horizontal and a sagittal diameter of the anulus, and systolic configurations of the tricuspid valve was observed. The tricuspid anular area corrected for body surface area increased with the grade of TR. Anterior displacement of the tips of the tricuspid leaflets was seen in 10 patients with TR of 2+ or greater severity, and its frequency also increased with the grade of TR. Loss of coaptation was seen in 3 patients with 4+ TR and malaligned coaptation was seen in 4 patients with TR of variable degrees. Tricuspid anular dilatation and anterior displacement of the tricuspid leaflet tips causes a separation between the leaflet tips and appears to be the main mechanisms for the development of functional TR. Malaligned coaptation also plays a role in the development of functional TR.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1984

Further studies on the red cell glycolipids of various breeds of dogs. A possible assumption about the origin of Japanese dogs.

Genetic polymorphism was observed in the sialic acid species constituting the terminal sugar residues of hematosides from dog erythrocytes. One was N-acetylneuraminic acid and the other phenotype was N-glycolylneuraminic acid, regulated by an autosomal dominant allele (Yasue, S., Handa, S., Miyagawa, S., Inoue, J., Hasegawa, A., & Yamakawa, T. (1978) J. Biochem. 83, 1101-1107). In this study we analyzed blood samples from 1,591 dogs of 36 breeds and demonstrated that the expression of N-glycolylneuraminic acid was limited to several breeds of oriental dogs in spite of its dominant nature. Moreover, the incidence of N-glycolylneuraminic acid was higher in native breeds of northern China, Korea and the southern part of Japan than in other oriental breeds. On the other hand, the Hokkaido-dog is unique in not expressing N-glycolylneuraminic acid. These results suggest that the native breeds in the southern part of Japan came from northern China via the Korean peninsula in contrast with indigenous breeds of the northern part of Japan.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The enhancing effect of gelatin on aprotinin activity.

Following preincubation of aprotinin with gelatin, the inhibitory effect on the trypsin activity was enhanced under the same condition as in the case of enhanced antigen-antibody reaction of aprotinin in gel in the presence of gelatin. In the immunochemical titration of aprotinin, gelatin treatment decreased the value of the equivalence point of aprotinin. Immunoprecipitation of aprotinin preincubated with or without gelatin adjusted to equal activity per unit volume resulted in overlapping equivalence points. These data suggest that the increase in aprotinin activity in the presence of gelatin is due to increase in the active form of aprotinin.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1984

[Postoperative treatment for malignant intracranial tumors--especially concerning intermittent intra-carotid administration of adriamycin].

Seventeen patients, aged 9 to 63 years (mean age 38.2 years), with 6 recurring malignant glioma, 5 malignant meningioma, 4 metastatic brain tumor, one endodermal sinus tumor and one embryonal carcinoma were postoperatively treated with adriamycin (ADM). As a rule, 20 mg of ADM (to 960 mg in a total dosis) were given by means of intra-carotid administration every two weeks (to 250 months in duration). According to Karnofsky's evaluation, 4 of 6 glioblastoma patients(66.7%), 4 of 5 malignant meningioma (80%), 2 of 4 metastatic brain tumor (50%) and one embryonal carcinoma had improvement of clinical condition, at least during two months after the beginning of the treatment, and/or remission of more than 50% of the enhanced area on CT scan. Consequently, allover response rate was 64.7%. Tumor tissue concentration of ADM administered intraoperatively by the same regimen, was estimated by fluorescence assay, twenty times in sixteen patients. The level of the concentration was higher in malignant tumor (3.6 to 6.2 micrograms/g) than in low grade astrocytoma (1.5 microgram/g in maximum) during sixty minutes after ADM administration. On the other hand, when ADM of same dosis was given intravenously, maximum serum level was 2.8 microgram/ml, which was less than half in comparison with tissue level of intracarotid administration. There was a serious myelosuppression in two cases in our series, but no cardiomuscular damage was observed in any cases. In conclusion, ADM concentration of brain tissue such as malignant meningioma, metastatic brain tumor and, even glioblastoma, was highly obtained. Further, intermittent intra-carotid administration of ADM was more effective than intravenous dripping in treating malignant intracranial tumor, although side effects should be carefully avoided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Grading of tricuspid regurgitation by pulsed Doppler echocardiography and liver function tests].

Recently, pulsed Doppler echocardiography has been used for the quantitative evaluation of tricuspid regurgitation (TR). However, there are some problems about the clinical significance of TR diagnosed by Doppler examination probably because of the excellent sensitivity in detecting TR. In the present study, we used liver function tests as an indicator of the visceral damage caused by TR and compared them to the severity of TR estimated by Doppler examination. Forty Doppler examinations were performed in 33 cardiac patients including seven, in which the examinations were repeated because the severity of TR changed during the clinical course. The severity of TR was classified into four grades according to the maximal extent of the regurgitant signal. Abnormal liver function was defined by the abnormalities of at least one of the following six tests: cholinesterase (CHE), gamma-GTP, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and GPT. Abnormal liver function tests were present in one of eight patients without TR, two of 10 with 1 + TR, four of seven with 2 + TR, seven of eight with 3 + TR, and six of seven with 4 + TR. The incidence of abnormal liver function tests increased parallel to the grade of TR and was very frequent in patients with 3 + or 4 + TR. TR diagnosed as greater than 3 + by Doppler examination is considered to have an important clinical significance and an indication of the intensive therapy.

Cholinesterases↗
PubMed1984

[Atrial septal defect associated with an abnormal chamber of the right ventricle: report of a case].

A case of atrial septal defect associated with an abnormal chamber behind the right ventricle, which was heretofore undescribed, was reported. A 41-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for the evaluation of a heart murmur. A Levine 3/6 ejection systolic murmur and a fixed splitting of the second heart sound were audible. Two-dimensional echocardiography disclosed an atrial septal defect and an abnormal chamber behind the right ventricle. This accessory chamber communicating with the right atrium was separated from the right ventricle by a membranous structure. The motion of this membrane showed a wide excursion just like that of the atrio-ventricular valve. On the M-mode echocardiogram, the anterior tricuspid leaflet and this membrane were recorded simultaneously without intervening septal echoes and this finding was very similar to that obtained in the single ventricle. Cardiac catheterization revealed that the pressure pattern in the abnormal chamber was that of the right atrium but its intracardiac electrocardiogram showed a right ventricular pattern. The complex morphological aspect of this case was confirmed by angiography and surgery. The developmental process of this very unusual anomaly is not clear, but it may be a kind of congenital anomaly related to Ebstein's anomaly.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Electrophysiologic and myocardial metabolic changes in the acute phase of partial coronary occlusion.

The acute effects of the partial reduction of coronary blood flow (CBF) on electrical and metabolic changes in myocardium were studied in 59 dogs. In seven dogs with a CBF reduction of 20% to 49%, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content (3.59 +/- 0.45 mumol/gm) and the width of the composite electrogram (54 +/- 5 msec) were not significantly different from those of 14 control dogs. In 14 dogs with a CBF reduction of 50% to 74%, ATP decreased significantly (3.09 +/- 0.30 mumol/gm, p less than 0.01); however, widening of the composite electrogram was not noted. Malignant ventricular arrhythmias developed in 5 of 10 dogs with a CBF reduction of 75% to 90% and 6 of 14 dogs with a 100% occlusion, but in none of the dogs with a CBF reduction of less than 75%. Marked widening of the composite electrogram (94 +/- 42 msec, p less than 0.05; and 115 +/- 54 msec, p less than 0.001) and further decrease in ATP (2.49 +/- 0.28 mumol/gm, p less than 0.001; and 2.66 +/- 0.45 mumol/gm, p less than 0.05) were noted in these two groups with a CBF reduction of greater than or equal to 75%. In conclusion, more advanced ischemia was mandatory for electrical derangements than for metabolic deterioration.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Steroid hormone synthesis and secretion by testes, ovary, and adrenals of embryonic and postembryonic ducks.

To elucidate the relationship between steroidogenesis and sex differentiation or sexual development in the birds, plasma LH, testosterone, 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, corticosterone and cortisol, testicular and ovarian testosterone, 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone, and adrenal corticosterone, cortisol, progesterone, and testosterone concentrations from 15- to 26-day-old embryonic and 1- to 14-day-old postembryonic male and female ducks were determined by radioimmunoassays. Plasma LH level was high in embryos and decreased after hatching in both sexes. Both plasma testosterone and 17 beta-estradiol concentrations were statistically higher in female embryos than in male embryos, while sex differences were not observed in plasma progesterone, corticosterone, or cortisol concentrations. Both plasma corticosterone and cortisol reached a peak at hatching, and decreased thereafter. Testicular and ovarian testosterone, 17 beta-estradiol, or progesterone was much higher in female embryos than in male embryos. Adrenal corticosterone, cortisol, progesterone, and testosterone concentrations reached a peak 1 day after hatching, and decreased thereafter in both sexes. These results indicate that duck embryonic ovary is much more active in production and secretion of sex steroid hormones than the embryonic testes. It is suggested that the sex of the avian species is basically male having homozygoty of sex chromosomes (ZZ), and that estrogens secreted by the embryonic ovary have important roles in female sex differentiation. Very high levels of corticosterone and cortisol either in plasma or adrenals observed shortly after hatch suggest that corticosteroids have an important role in hatching of ducks to adapt themselves to a new environment.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1983

Photoperiodic regulation of serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity in the pineal gland of the chicken.

1. In continuous light, serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity in the pineal gland of 16-day-old chicks was reduced to about a half of the usual nocturnal level only in the first day, but no suppressive effect by the light was observed throughout the following 2 days. 2. In continuous darkness, circadian N-acetyltransferase rhythm persisted for three consecutive days. 3. In continuous light, the phase of N-acetyltransferase rhythm in chick pineal delayed remarkably for three consecutive days, while the phase delayed in a lesser degree in continuous darkness. 4. The rhythm of N-acetyltransferase activity in the pineal gland of 13-day-old chicks was entrainable to a shorter (8L: 8D) and a longer (18L: 18D) photoperiod as in a 12L: 12D photoperiod, but a shorter photoperiod such as a 3L: 3D photoperiod failed to change the pre-established 12L: 12D rhythm.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1983

Effects of androgens on the activity of steroid-metabolizing enzymes in the murine submaxillary gland.

Effects of androgens on the activity of androgen-metabolizing enzymes have been investigated in the murine submaxillary gland. 5 alpha-reductase activity is androgen-dependent, and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity is androgen-resistant. The level and androgen-responsiveness of 5 alpha-reductase in the murine submaxillary gland are not imprinted during the neonatal period by testicular androgens. Circulating androgen may have a cumulative effect on androgen response of 5 alpha-reductase.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1983

[Functional tricuspid regurgitation and its relation to the morphology of the tricuspid valve and annulus: pulsed doppler echocardiography and two-dimensional echocardiography].

The mechanism for the development of functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was studied by an ultrasonic method. Thirty-five examinations were performed in 31 patients who were expected to have functional TR, and the severity was classified into 4 grades according to the extension of the regurgitant signals by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. The satisfactory horizontal section of the tricuspid valve was obtained by two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) to measure the tricuspid annular diameter and to observe systolic configuration of the tricuspid valve in 22 examinations. The tricuspid annular diameter was well correlated with the severity of TR, and "lack of coaptation" of the valve was recognized on 2DE in some cases of severe TR with the markedly dilated annulus, indicating that this dilatation was an important trigger of functional TR. Additionally, in the majority of patients with severe TR, "anterior displacement" of the tips of tricuspid leaflet(s) (6 mm or more from the tricuspid annulus towards the right ventricle) was observed, which was thought to be due to the chordal traction secondary to the right ventricular dilatation, and contributed to the development of functional TR by disturbing sufficient coaptation. In one particular case, severe TR was associated with " malaligned coaptation" caused by the anterior displacement confined to the septal leaflet, indicating that asymmetrical dilatation of the right ventricle and/or disorientation of chordae-valve system may contribute to TR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dilatation, Pathologic↗