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Biomedical subjects

Y Ohtsuki

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ohtsuki.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Immunohistochemical study of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in the leg: a case report.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a relatively rare lesion. Although its histogenesis has been well described, its immunohistochemical characteristics remain controversial. A case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the soft tissue of the right leg in a 67-year-old Chinese woman is reported. Histologic findings of intracytoplasmic lumina in the tumor cells and positive immunostaining for vimentin, factor VIII-related antigen. CD34 and Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA-1) were obtained, demonstrating differentiation of the tumor cells to endothelial cells, although staining for antibodies to cytokeratins AE1/AE3 and CAM5.2 was weak. CD34 as well as Factor VIII-related antigen is a useful marker of endothelial differentiation in this tumor. A review of the literature is also presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Immunohistochemical study of fibrosis and S-100 protein-positive cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and in interstitial pneumonia associated with rheumatoid arthritis].

Immunohistochemical methods were used to distinguish idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) from interstitial pneumonia associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA lung). The subjects were six patients with IPF and seven with RA lung, in whom the pathological findings were consistent with usual interstitial pneumonia. Antibodies to vimentin (Vim), alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), and S-100 protein were used for immunohistochemical studies done by the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. In fibrosis associated with RA lung, proliferation of both Vim and alpha-SMA-positive myofibroblasts was widely observed, despite pathological findings of honeycombing, usual interstitial pneumonia, and BOOP. Fibrosis in cases of IPF was found to be characterized mainly by Vim-positive fibroblasts, and on occasion was associated with hyperplasia of smooth muscle. Lung tissues from patients with acute exacerbations of RA lung, especially when associated with a BOOP pattern, had many cells positive for S-100 protein. However, such cells were generally hard to find in cases of IPE. Similar results were obtained with regard to the honeycomb pattern in both IPF and RA lung. These findings suggest that IPF and RA lung can be fairly clearly differentiated based on the proliferation of myofibroblasts and on the presence or absence of cells positive for S-100 protein.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of antibodies reactive with porcine lymphocytes and lymphoma cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, antigen-retrieved tissue sections.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether antibodies raised against human or porcine lymphocytes are reactive with porcine lymphocytes and lymphoma cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, antigen-retrieved tissue sections, and to determine the conditions suitable for antigen retrieval. DESIGN: We evaluated reactivities of 27 anti-lymphocyte antibodies with porcine tissue sections, including those of lymphomas, treated with 11 antigen-retrieval methods. ANIMALS: Swine. PROCEDURE: We used 19 anti-human and 8 anti-porcine lymphocyte antibodies. For antigen retrieval, we tested 11 methods: heating with 6 soaking solutions in a microwave oven, heating with 2 commercially available soaking solutions in a water bath, and enzyme digestion with 3 proteases. After these treatments, sections were immunostained along with untreated sections. RESULTS: Of 27 anti-lymphocyte antibodies tested, CDw75 (clone LN-1), CD79 alpha (mb-1, clone HM57),CD79 beta (B29, clone B29/123), HLA-DR (clone TAL 1B5), and polyclonal CD3 were strongly reactive with porcine lymphoid tissues, including lymphomas, when sections were deparaffinized and heated in 0.1M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) in a microwave oven or with antigen-retrieval solution in a water bath. All patterns of positive staining were essentially the same as those previously described in human beings. CONCLUSION: These 5 antibodies, with the antigen retrieval sequences, are helpful in identifying, distinguishing, and characterizing lymphocyte subsets in archival sections of normal and pathologic porcine lymphoid tissues including lymphomas. In addition, our findings indicated that antigen retrieval by microwave heating of the sections can appreciably expand the range of antibodies useful in paraffin immunohistochemistry, including those that otherwise work only on sections from frozen tissues or from an antigen-derived species.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Determination of the prognostic significance of unscheduled cyclin A overexpression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The expression of cyclin A protein was retrospectively investigated in 124 patients with human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with immunohistochemical techniques using antibody to cyclin A protein (BF683). Of 124 tumors, 49 (39.5%) exhibited positive staining in cancer cells with this antibody. Staining was observed predominantly but not exclusively in the nucleus. A significantly higher degree of association of immunoreactivity with this antibody was detected for advanced types of tumors (stages I, II, III, and IV) than for early tumors (stage 0; P < 0.05). Patients with cyclin A immunopositivity had a significantly poorer survival rate than did other patients (P < 0.01). These findings provide the first evidence for frequent and unscheduled overexpression of cyclin A protein in human esophageal cancer and suggest the possibility that alteration of cyclin A overexpression is associated with tumor progression and patient prognosis for esophageal cancers.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

p53 and human papillomavirus DNA in renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma including dysplastic lesions.

Ninety-eight cases of transitional-cell carcinoma (TCC) of the renal pelvis and ureter, including dysplastic lesions, were studied for tumor incorporation of human papillomavirus (HPV) type-16 and type-18 DNA by in situ hybridization (ISH) with DNA probes for each HPV viral type. Immunohistochemical analysis of p53 expression was also performed. Fresh tumor tissues from 26 patients were also studied for p53 mutations in exons 4 through 9 by direct sequencing and for HPV infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-two tumors were positive for HPV DNAs, including 6 double-positive cases. Among these tumors, adjacent dysplastic lesions in 21 cases (66%) also revealed identical reactivity. Overexpressed p53 was detected in 26 cases. Expression of p53 was also detected in dysplastic lesions in 19 out of these 26 cases (73%). Three cases were positive for both HPV DNA and p53 antibody. p53 point mutation was detected in 7 of 26 cases, 6 of which were also positive for p53. HPV type-16 DNA was detected in 6 cases by PCR, 4 of which were also ISH-positive. Overexpressed p53 was frequently detected in invasive and non-papillary tumors (p < 0.01) and in high-grade tumors (p < 0.05). HPV infection was more common in non-invasive and papillary tumors (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that HPV infection or overexpression (mutation) of p53 may be an early event and be related to phenotypes of tumor-cell growth patterns and progression.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Inactivation of the DCC tumor suppressor gene in a B-cell lymphoma cell line with the alteration of chromosome 18.

A B-cell lymphoma cell line, designated KML-1, was established from pleural effusion of a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of large-cell type. The lymphoma arose in the pelvis and ran an aggressive clinical course. Chromosome analysis of the cell line exhibited a complex karyotype including the loss of chromosome 18. To evaluate the molecular events in the cell line that may be associated with the development of the lymphoma, we investigated the expression and/or alterations of several classes of human genes, including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and cytokine genes. The expression of the DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer) gene, located on the chromosome 18q21, was extremely reduced in KML-1 cell line, as compared with that in a normal spleen tissue and other 4 lymphoma cell lines by the reverse transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) method. This finding suggests that inactivation of the DCC gene might play a role in the pathogenesis of the case of lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The pathogenesis of so-called cardiac rhabdomyoma in swine: a histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study.

To determine whether cardiac rhabdomyoma (CR) is a hamartoma of fetal cardiac myocyte, we investigated five cases of CRs that spontaneously developed in five 6-month-old hybrid swine with histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural techniques. The cases were four multiple and one solitary neoplasms, which appeared as intraventricular nodules of various sizes without any congenital malformations. Histologically, the large ovoid CR cells with an occasional spiderweb appearance showed a transition from normal-looking cardiac myocytes or rarely from Purkinje cells, but no mitotic figures. Besides large amounts of glycogen, the CR cells contained many PAS-negative, large cytoplasmic vacuoles filled with eosinophilic or fibrillar substance. Immunohistochemically, the CR cells showed intense positivity for desmin and variable positivities for vimentin, alpha-atrial naturiuretic peptide, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. These positivities were not seen in adjacent cardiac myocytes. Cytokeratin was negative in the CR cells but was positive in fetal cardiac myocytes of early gestation. Rod-like or granular positivity for alpha-actinin in the CR cells was similar to that in nemaline myopathy. Ultrastructurally, the CR cells contained myofibrils that frequently showed myofibrillar degeneration and produced large intracytoplasmic vacuoles. These myofibrils often mingled with nemaline bodies and leptofibrils that continued to the Z bands. T-systems, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and intercalated discs, which are specific features of postnatal cardiac myocytes, were sometimes observed in the CR cells. Increase of glycogen and mitochondria and appearance of atrial-specific granules associated with the Golgi apparatus were other features noted. The present findings have not been reported, even in human CR. From these new observations with the recent report on the occurrence of CR in neonatal piglets, swine CR does not belong to the entity of hamartoma but may be a congenital dysplasia of the perinatal cardiac tissues with myofibrillar degeneration, affecting mainly cardiac myocytes and rarely Purkinje cells. The various immunophenotypic changes including proliferating cell nuclear antigen and the increase and appearance of cytoplasmic elements compared with mature cardiac myocytes can be interpreted as reactive or regenerative changes due to myofibrillar degeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Myolipoma of the round ligament: report of a case with a review of the English literature.

Tumours consisting of a mixture of mature adipose and smooth muscle tissues, including those designated lipoleiomyomas, fibrolipoleiomyomas and myolipomas, are exceedingly rare, but most often occur in the uterine corpus. We describe here a case of such a tumour arising in the right round ligament of a 44-year-old woman. The tumour, which measured approximately 20x15x10 cm, was well encapsulated and did not involve the intrapelvic organs. Intricate mixtures of adult adipose tissue and bland smooth muscle exhibited no cellular atypia or nuclear mitotic figures, and there was little vascular proliferation. We diagnosed the lesion as a myolipoma of soft tissue with dual differentiation, and have found only 13 cases of this tumour including our own in the English literature. The present tumour is the first reported in the round ligament. Although this tumour is rare, its recognition is important for the avoidance of erroneous diagnoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Clinicopathological study on two types of cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis.

Clinical and pathological studies on cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis (COP) were performed in 19 cases diagnosed with transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB). All patients suffered from fever and several respiratory symptoms. Laboratory data showed increases in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, positivity for C-reactive protein, negative tuberculin reactions and increases in complement level. Pathological findings demonstrated that there were two kinds of organizing processes. Fourteen of the 19 cases were treated with prednisolone, and two cases were observed without administration. The remaining three cases could not be followed up after therapy. In 11 of the 16 cases, abnormal shadows in chest X-ray disappeared, but remained present in five cases. As for the relationship between pathological findings and shadows in chest X-ray, Masson bodies without fibrin were observed in the 11 cases which were without shadows on X-ray, but Masson bodies containing or related to fibrin were observed in the five cases in which abnormal shadows remained. These results suggest that there are two types of organizing process in COP. Type I is an unexplained organizing process in which fibrin is not present or involved. It responds well to steroids and the prognosis is favourable. Type II is an organizing process which involves fibrin, and the character of the fibroblast-like cells is very similar to that of myofibroblasts. Type II organizing process responds poorly to steroids. Both processes can be notified relatively easily, even by TBLB tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Establishment of novel lymphoid cell lines dually infected with human T cell lymphotropic viruses types I and II.

With the goal of establishing an in vitro system of dual infection with human T cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) types I and II, rabbit lymphocytes were cocultured with a mixture of lethally irradiated HTLV-I-producing Ra-1 and HTLV-II-producing RII cell lines. This gave rise to a lymphoid cell line, RW-1, that was dually infected with HTLV-I and -II as detected by immunofluorescence staining, electron microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for the pol and env regions of each virus and by Southern blot hybridization. Two clonal cell lines derived from RW-1 were also coinfected with the viruses, indicating that dual infection had occurred at the single cell level. The coinfection could be readily propagated to fresh lymphocytes by coculture with RW-1. In contrast, attempts to superinfect HTLV-I-infected lymphoid cell lines with HTLV-II and vice versa were consistently unsuccessful, suggesting receptor interference between HTLV-I and -II.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Direct transplantation of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells into nude mice and establishment of a leukemic stem cell (Ph1+, CD34+) line dependent on mouse bone marrow stromal cells in vitro.

Peripheral blood cells from a female patient with Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in blast crisis were serially transplanted in BALB/c nude mice for 16 passages. This in vivo cell line, designated CML-N-1, had Ph1 chromosome abnormality and BCR gene rearrangement. The cells expressed CD11b, CD13, CD33, CD34, CD38, and HLA-DR antigens until the 11th passage and subcutaneous tumors produced by these passages were composed of admixtures of immature and maturing cells that differentiated to basophils when cultured in vitro. From the 12th passage on, the tumors became composed mainly of immature cells expressing CD13, CD34, and HLA-DR, and no longer differentiated to basophils even upon in vitro culture. In contrast to the vigorous proliferation in vivo, CML-N-1 cells from any passage failed to proliferate in vitro under standard liquid culture conditions with or without growth factors, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, monocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin 3, interleukin 6 and stem cell factor. However, a continuously growing cell line, designated CML-C-1, was established by culturing CML-N-1 cells on feeder layers of mouse bone marrow stromal cells. This mouse bone marrow stromal cell-dependent cell line showed immature cell morphology and expressed early myeloid phenotype positive for CD13, CD34, and HLA-DR. These results indicate that mouse bone marrow stromal cells provide a certain growth factor(s) active on human leukemia cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Mucinous cholangiocarcinoma featuring a unique microcystic appearance.

An autopsy case is presented of a peculiar type of intrahepatic mucinous adenocarcinoma with microcyst formation arising in a 78 year old Japanese man who died of hepatic coma and renal failure 4 months after onset. Macroscopically, the cut surface of the lesion revealed a characteristic honeycomb-like appearance, consisting purely of microcysts, 0.2-0.4 cm in diameter, lined by prolific mucin-producing adenocarcinoma cells. The lesion did not have large cystic space, fibrous capsule, or benign cystadenomatous component other than neoplastic microcyst formation. The carcinoma cells showed various proliferating patterns, such as irregularly shaped nest-like, trabecular, papillary and tubular ones, directly invaded the hepatic parenchyma and portal tract with loose or thick fibrosis, and infiltrated extensively into both intrahepatic and extrahepatic stroma along the vascular structures. From these clinicopathological findings, we consider the present tumor to be a variant of mucinous cholangiocarcinoma with characteristic microcyst formation rather than a type of cystadenocarcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Search for accumulation of p53 protein and detection of human papillomavirus genomes in sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eyelid.

Twenty-one Japanese patients with sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid were investigated for tumour incorporation of human papillomavirus (HPV) types-6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and/or 33 DNA by in situ hybridization with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled DNA probes, and for p53 protein accumulation by immunohistochemical analysis with an antibody to p53 protein. Thirteen tumours (61.9%), including 9 cases of multiple infections, were positive for HPV DNA. Positive signal in the nucleus was observed not only in the cancer cells, but also in the cells of surrounding normal sebaceous glands and epidermis. Positive nuclear staining of cancer cells with the antibody to p53 protein was detected in 12 cases (57.1%). p53 protein accumulation was more frequently observed in the clinically advanced cases, occasionally in association with recurrence and/or metastasis. Among the 12 p53-positive cases, 7 were also positive for the presence of HPV DNA. HPV infections exist in a high percentage of sebaceous carcinomas of the eyelid in Japan; the overexpression of p53 protein may be important in both carcinogenesis and progression.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Periosteal osteosarcoma of the femur with bone marrow involvement: a case report.

Periosteal osteosarcoma is an exceedingly rare type of chondroblastic osteosarcoma, showing rather better prognosis, and secondary bone marrow involvement is unusual. A case of a 22 year old male with periosteal osteosarcoma of the right femur with an associated bone marrow lesion is presented. The juxtacortical tumor, 16 x 11 x 9 cm, was located on the bone cortex of the upper diaphysis and extended into the surrounding soft tissues. A minimal bone marrow lesion was present, although the bone cortex was quite intact. Microscopically, the tumor consisted exclusively of atypical chondroblastic cells with a small osteoblastic area. The bone marrow lesion, interestingly, contained both multiple nodules of well-differentiated chondrosarcomatous components and a few demarcated foci of atypical spindle cells producing a fine osteoid matrix. It was reasonable to conclude, therefore, that this tumor was a periosteal osteosarcoma with an unusual secondary bone marrow lesion rather than a conventional (central) chondroblastic osteosarcoma with soft tissue invasion. The patient's good prognosis with no tumor recurrence or metastasis during more than 7 years follow-up after surgery supports this conclusion.

Adult↗