Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Ohmori.
Giant aneurysm of the splenic artery and huge varix accompanied by portal hypertension and splenomegaly are described. Computed tomography proved to be an ideal tool in the evaluation of both aneurysm and varix. Enhancement scan revealed giant aneurysm as a round mass in the splenic hilus and huge varix as one oval and one bell-shaped shadow adjacent to the spleen. They were diagnosed by angiography.
Hot phenol-water-extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Bacteroides gingivalis 381 was purified by Sephadex G-100 chromatography with Tris buffer supplemented with sodium deoxycholate and EDTA (B-LPS). In the present study, B-LPS was examined for its ability to induce interleukin 1 (IL-1) production, a mitogenic response, and macrophage activation in LPS high-responder C3H/HeN and low-responder C3H/HeJ mice. A significant increase in IL-1 production was observed in C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ peritoneal macrophages treated with various doses (1.0 to 50 micrograms/ml) of B-LPS. IL-1 production by C3H/HeN macrophages treated with B-LPS (10 micrograms/ml) was about seven times greater than that by C3H/HeJ macrophages. However, the IL-1 production induced by B-LPS (10 micrograms/ml) in C3H/HeN macrophages was four times lower compared with that induced by Escherichia coli O111 B4 LPS. Also, a significant increase in IL-1 production was found in human monocytes stimulated with B-LPS. That B-LPS-induced IL-1 exhibits some molecular weight heterogeneity was indicated from Sephadex G-75 gel filtration profiles. A significant, high mitogenic response by whole spleen cells with 1 X 10(5) to 5 X 10(4) cells of either mouse strain per well treated with B-LPS (10 to 50 micrograms/ml) was observed. However, the response of C3H/HeJ mice was less than that of the C3H/HeN strain. Also, glucose consumption assays indicated that enhanced macrophage activation occurred in C3H/HeN but not in C3H/HeJ mice treated with B-LPS. In light of recent studies showing that IL-1 stimulates bone resorption in a mouse calvaria system and collagenase production in fibroblasts, we suggest that B-LPS-induced IL-1 may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of adult periodontal disease.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The value of redistribution thallium-201 (T1-20(1] emission computed tomography (ECT) using dipyridamole for evaluating coronary circulation was analyzed in 18 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). After maximal inducible coronary vasodilation (dipyridamole, 0.56 mg/kg), 2 mCi T1-201 was administered, and dipyridamole ECT data at 10 minutes and delayed ECT data at 3 hours after the injection were collected. Image interpretation was made visually. The results were as follows: In all cases, perfusion defects were observed on the dipyridamole images, and eight (45%) had redistribution on their delayed images. Patients with redistribution had better left ventricular function (% fractional shortening 24.7 +/- 7.0 versus 18.0 +/- 5.0) by two-dimensional echocardiography. Segments with redistribution showed less severe wall motion abnormalities compared with segments without redistribution. It is concluded that redistribution thallium ECT imaging using dipyridamole is a useful tool for the evaluation of coronary circulation of patients with DCM.
This study clarified thallium-201 (Tl) kinetics in the early stage after exercise in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Tl was administered for 39 patients with IHD and eight normal subjects during maximal exercise. Immediately after exercise, dynamic data were obtained using a double slant-hole collimator at one frame/2 min for a 20 min period. The data of 10 frames (20 min) were spatially smoothed, and semiquantitative segmental analyses of the uptake and kinetics of Tl were performed by computer. In eight normal subjects, Tl uptake was uniform throughout the continuous 20 min, and Tl activity was unchanged throughout the 20 min period after exercise. Among 39 patients with IHD, 39 had Tl defects in the first frame (initial defect). Among 39 initial defects, 15 (38%) showed complete or partial early redistribution as early as 20 min and Tl activity in the defect increased (10.5 +/- 1.5%) over the 20 min period. Early redistribution occurred in 10 (43%) of 23 patients with effort angina and in five (83%) of six patients with variant forms of angina, but in no patients with myocardial infarction. Patients with early redistribution showed a greater frequency either of good collateral vessels or of mild stenosis of the coronary artery, compared with those who had no early redistribution. In conclusion, analysis of Tl kinetics in the early stages after exercise can provide important information about the coronary perfusion state during recovery from transient ischemia, and early redistribution may be a sign of preserved hyperemic flow in the ischemic region.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Four monoclonal antibodies directed against Bacteroides gingivalis were established by hybridoma technology. Their reactivity against B. gingivalis, Bacteroides intermedius, and Bacteroides melaninogenicus was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Three monoclonal antibodies specifically reacted with B. gingivalis. One recognized antigens that were cross-reactive between B. gingivalis and B. intermedius. These monoclonal antibodies provide new tools for antigenic analysis of B. gingivalis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
125I-insulin was covalently crosslinked to its receptor on human placental membrane fractions with disuccinimidyl suberate. The 125I-insulin crosslinked receptor was solubilized with Triton X-100 and used as a probe to determine autoantibodies to the insulin receptor in sera from patients with insulin resistance (type B syndrome). When the solubilized 125I-insulin: receptor complex was incubated with these sera and then with anti-human IgG serum, the complex was precipitated as a function of the amount of anti-receptor serum. Unlabelled insulin at concentrations less than or equal to 10 micrograms/ml did not affect immunoprecipitation of the complex, suggesting that a subpopulation of anti-receptor antibodies recognizes determinants outside the insulin binding region of the receptor molecule. 125I-insulin: receptor complex was precipitated also by the addition of anti-insulin antibodies. The effect of anti-insulin antibody was eliminated by the addition of excess unlabelled insulin. The immunoprecipitation assay using 125I-insulin crosslinked receptor was sensitive and convenient for detecting anti-receptor antibodies.
In attempts to assess the possibility of allograft rejection, serial assays of spontaneous blastogenesis (SB) by uptake of tritium thymidine in 50 microliters whole blood were performed in 72 consecutive renal allograft recipients. Of 79 clinically diagnosed rejection episodes, 65 (82 per cent) had an associated elevation of SB values, and 14 (18 per cent) showed false negative results. In 38 (59 per cent) of 65 episodes in which the elevations of SB values were observed, the elevations preceded the clinical diagnosis by 1-7 days. Although large doses of steroids did not affect the values of SB, false positive elevations which were mainly caused by systemic infections occurred in 12 cases. There was no significant association between severity of rejection crisis and the maximum value of SB in the course. The SB assay requiring only a small amount of blood can be accomplished within 4-5 hours and provides a simple means of assessing and predicting host's immune responsiveness to the histocompatibility antigens.
Graft survival, mortality, histocompatibility and rehabilitation were studied in 170 consecutive patients receiving kidneys from living relatives. Average follow-up was 5 years and one month with a minimum post-transplant evaluation of 6 months. Overall patient survival was 93 per cent at one year and there was a remarkable decline thereafter. Overall graft survival was 84 per cent at one year, 73 per cent at three, and 67 per cent at five years. Among the 76 patients treated since 1979, both patients and graft survival have improved: 93 per cent and 80 per cent at three years, respectively, because of a decrease in serious complications. Although no correlation was found between HLA-A and B loci matching and graft survival in patients with no mismatch in the HLA-DR locus, there was a significantly higher graft survival. Infection, the leading cause of death especially in the early post-transplant period, has been brought under control. Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head which occurred in 27 (16 per cent) patients proved to be the most difficult problem. The majority of patients are functioning well socially and vocationally and reproductive functions have been restored. Transplantation offers a better quality of life for patients with chronic renal failure, as compared to hemodialysis. The increased procurement of cadaver kidneys must be given attention.
To determine the clinical significance of an increased thallium-201 (Tl-201) activity in the lung and of its clearance from the lung after exercise, computer-quantitated Tl-201 lung activity was measured and compared with hemodynamic parameters at rest and during exercise in 35 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). All patients underwent a supine bicycle ergometer exercise test and mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) was measured by a Swan-Ganz catheter. Coronary angiography was also performed. On computer-generated initial and 2 and a half hours delayed anterior images, regions of interest were selected over the myocardium (M) and lung (L), and the initial L/M ratio and the (initial L)/(delayed L) ratio were calculated as indices of an increased Tl-201 lung uptake and lung clearance, respectively. The initial L/M ratio and the (initial L)/(delayed L) ratio had no significant correlation with mean PAWP at rest and had a weak negative correlation with the resting ejection fraction (r = -0.57 and r = -0.58, respectively). However, both ratios showed good correlations with mean PAWP during peak exercise (r = 0.85 and r = 0.80, respectively), suggesting that they provide useful indices for assessing the severity of exercise-induced left ventricular dysfunction.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The biological activity of des-asp1-des-arg2-angiotensin II (3-8AII) was studied in man. When 3-8AII was infused iv at rates of 22 and 308 pmol (17.5 and 250 ng)/kg . min separately into 5 normal men each for 120 min, blood pressure showed no change, plasma renin activity (PRA) decreased gradually and plasma aldosterone showed a gradual slight increase. The lower dose of 3-8AII partially inhibited captopril-induced PRA increase and plasma aldosterone decrease in the same 5 normal men and the higher dose of the hexapeptide completely abolished them. In one of the 5 normal men blood pressure rose in response to doses of 3-8AII greater than 2220 pmol (1750 ng)/kg . min. When 3-8AII was infused iv at 308 pmol/kg . min into 2 patients with Bartter's syndrome for 60 min, it caused marked decrease in PRA and plasma aldosterone but no change in blood pressure. This decrease in plasma aldosterone is thought to be secondary to the decrease in PRA. From these results it is evident that 3-8AII has a minimal pressor action, a weak aldosterone-stimulating action and a significant renin-suppressing action in man and this PRA-lowering action is thought to be due to direct inhibition of renin release by its whole molecule or a smaller part of the molecule.
Two cases of malignant melanoma arising in the maxillary sinus are reported. Cytological examination of the solution obtained by local washing through the sinus puncture identified numerous melanoma cells together with melanophages. The cases were then scheduled for well-planned, preoperative treatment. The cytological criteria for diagnosing malignant melanoma are outlined, and the cytological approach is stressed as a valuable diagnostic procedure for early detection of malignant tumors and surveillance of postoperative recurrence, especially in paranasal sinuses.
A case of primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the diaphragm which, to our knowledge, is the first record in the world literature, is presented. It occupied almost the entire left hemidiaphragm and was surgically removed with the left lower pulmonary lobe, stomach, colon, and spleen. The entire left hemidiaphragm then was replaced with Marlex mesh. Prosthetic replacement of the entire hemidiaphragm, which has not been previously reported, was successfully performed with preservation of pulmonary function on the affected side. The patient died of brain metastases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma more than 4 months postoperatively. Diagnosis of diaphragmatic tumors and a technique which involves the use of a prosthesis are discussed.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.