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Biomedical subjects

Y Ohmori

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ohmori.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Projections of visceral and somatic primary afferents to the sacral spinal cord of the domestic fowl revealed by transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase.

The termination of visceral and somatic primary afferent fibers in the sacral spinal cord of the domestic fowl was studied using transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase. Nerve terminals of visceral afferent fibers were found in the lateral edge and base of the dorsal horn and in the dorsal gray commissure in close proximity to parasympathetic preganglionic neurons. Somatic afferents terminated in laminae 2 and 3. The results demonstrate that visceral and somatic afferent fibers in this avian species terminate in different areas of the dorsal horn.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Results of kidney transplantation in 25 pediatric patients.

Outcome, long-term prognosis, growth activity and rehabilitation after kidney transplantation were studied in 25 pediatric patients transplanted with a kidney graft from one-haplotype identical parent. Excellent patient and graft survival with low incidences of acute rejection or serious complications could be achieved in this population, as compared with the results of adult recipients. Growth retardations in height and weight were observed in these patients before transplantation, and were significantly correlated with the duration of low or no kidney function. In 12 recipients who were transplanted at ages of younger than 15 years and followed up over two years, a dramatic increase in weight appeared within one year after transplantation and a greater increase in height was exhibited in the second and third year than in the first. Increase in height was significantly greater in those children transplanted at ages of younger than 10 years than in those transplanted at ages of older than 11 years. Catch-up growth was observed in one-third of these children. Retrospectively, there was no difference in the doses of prednisolone given between the two groups of patients with, and without catch-up growth, but the incidence of acute rejection was higher in the group without catch-up growth. Currently, 18 recipients have functioning grafts and 16 (88.9 per cent) of them are in full-time school or working. From these results it is concluded that kidney transplantation is the first feasible manoeuvre for those children with chronic renal failure and it should be performed as soon an possible in order to preserve their growth activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Biological characterization of interleukin-1-like cytokine produced by cultured bone cells from newborn mouse calvaria.

We have investigated the role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-1-like factor in the regulatory mechanisms of a bone remodeling system. To determine whether the bone cell itself produces IL-1-like cytokine, we examined bone cells cultured from newborn mouse calvaria. Bone cells migrating from fragments of newborn mouse calvaria were used in this study. We also used bone cells obtained by consecutive digestion of the calvaria with enzymes. These bone cells were cultured in fetal calf serum-containing alpha-MEM. IL-1-like cytokine activity was measured by incorporation of [3H]thymidine into C3H/HeJ thymocytes stimulated with PHA. When treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli 0111 B4, the cultured bone cells produced a significant amount of IL-1-like cytokine. The maximum concentration of IL-1-like cytokine was observed in culture supernatants of the bone cells cultured for 24 hours with the LPS in serum-free medium. The IL-1-like cytokine closely resembles IL-1 in some of its biological characteristics: stimulation of mitogen-induced thymocyte proliferation, stimulation of fibroblast proliferation, pyrogenicity, and molecular weight. These results show that cultured bone cells from newborn mouse calvariae produce an IL-1-like cytokine that closely resembles IL-1.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Spontaneous production of thymocyte-activating factor by human gingival fibroblasts and its autoregulatory effect on their proliferation.

The purpose of this study was to examine whether human gingival fibroblasts produce a cytokine which modulates in immune and inflammatory responses including alterations in connective tissue metabolism in periodontal tissue. We found that a cultured human gingival fibroblast cell line (Gin-1) and freshly isolated human gingival fibroblasts produced thymocyte-activating factor(s), so we called the factor(s) fibroblast-derived thymocyte-activating factor (FTAF). Growth of the producing cell was itself modulated by the factor(s). Gin-1 cells spontaneously produced a significant amount of FTAF in a cell growth-dependent manner. Maximum activity was observed in conditioned medium from stationary-phase cells. The activity in conditioned medium of cultures lacking serum was significantly higher than that in those containing serum. Treatment of Gin-1 cell cultures with cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, markedly inhibited FTAF production. When Gin-1 cells were stimulated by triggering with muramyl dipeptide or sonicated extracts of Bacteroides gingivalis, FTAF production was significantly stimulated. Freshly isolated human gingival fibroblasts from gingival biopsies of healthy donors also produced FTAF which enhanced thymocyte proliferation. Peaks of thymocyte proliferation activity in conditioned medium from Gin-1 cells were observed in fractions having molecular weights of 25,000, 35,000, and 45,000, as determined by Sephadex G-75 column chromatography. The peak fractions (partially purified FTAF) significantly suppressed the proliferation of Gin-1 cells themselves as evaluated by [3H]thymidine uptake. The suppressive effect of partially purified FTAF was, at least partially, mediated by endogenous prostaglandin for the following reasons: addition of indomethacin, and inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, abrogated the suppressive effect; partially purified FTAF stimulated the production of prostaglandin E2 by the cells; and the suppression of cell proliferation was reinforced by addition of exogenous prostaglandins. These observations suggest that gingival fibroblasts play a significant role in regulation of cell growth of lymphocytes and in their own growth under physiological conditions and in pathological states in periodontal connective tissue.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1987

[Assessment of regional wall motion and myocardial flow in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy using Tl-201 SPECT during dobutamine infusion].

The present study clarified the relationship between wall motion and myocardial flow in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) was performed in 14 patients before and after dobutamine (DOB) drip infusion (8 micrograms/kg/min). Thallium-201 emission computed tomography (ECT) was performed after dobutamine infusion and three hours thereafter. The left ventricle was divided into nine segments. In each segment, the degrees of defects were scored from 0 (normal) to 3 (complete defect), and the severity of wall motion abnormalities was scored from 0 (normal) to 3 (akinesis) by visual inspection. 1. Perfusion defects on ECT images were observed during dobutamine infusion in all patients. Redistribution was observed in nine of 14 (64%) patients. 2. During infusion, 38 (81%) of 47 segments without defects showed normal wall motion, but 44 (86%) of 51 segments with defects showed wall motion abnormalities. 3. Redistribution was observed in 18 (35%) of 51 segments, and these segments showed lower incidence of wall motion abnormalities as compared to the other segments (94% vs 45%, p less than 0.001). 4. After infusion, the segments with redistribution frequently showed improved wall motion as compared to the other segments (56% vs 18%, p less than 0.05). These results indicate that redistribution on the ECT image is observed in some patients with dilated cardiomyopathy after dobutamine administration. This may be due to the capacity of the drug to increase myocardial flow in proportion to the increase of oxygen demand.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated↗
PubMed1987

[Study on the erroneous diagnosis of fine needle aspiration of breast cancer].

A histological examination of the breast tumors in 852 patients, after they had received fine needle aspiration, was performed. The false positive and false negative cases were then studied; 32 false positive and 15 false negative cases respectively. As causes for misunderstanding, five items were pointed out in the false positive cases and three in the false negative ones. There were 5 false positive cases in which cellatypia was remarkable, and 3 false negative cases whose cellatypia was not significant. Cytologic diagnosis by fine needle aspiration for these 8 patients was difficult.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Human purified interleukin-1 inhibits DNA synthesis and cell growth of osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3-E1), but enhances alkaline phosphatase activity in the cells.

We examined the effects of human purified interleukin-1 (IL-1) on DNA synthesis, cell growth, and alkaline phosphatase activity in the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 under both preconfluent and confluent culture conditions. Addition of IL-1 to the cells markedly inhibited their DNA synthesis and growth over the range 1-10 U/ml. Such significant inhibitory effects were observed in cells cultivated in 1 or 5% fetal calf serum (FCS)-containing alpha modification Eagle's medium (alpha-MEM), but not in alpha-MEM containing 10% FCS. In contrast, alkaline phosphatase activity was enhanced significantly by IL-1 in the cell line cultivated in 1% FCS-containing alpha-MEM. These results demonstrate that human purified IL-1 is effective in inducing the differentiation of osteoblastic cell MC3T3-E1.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Improved outcome of renal transplantation with cyclosporine compared with azathioprine--experience in 33 recipients followed for over one year.

Long-term clinical aspects after kidney transplantation using cyclosporine (CsA) were studied in 33 patients who received kidney grafts from one haplotype identical living related donor and who were followed for at least one year. Both actual graft and patient survival rates were 97 per cent at one year. Incidence and severity of acute rejection were reduced to a greater extent in patients treated with CsA than in patients treated with azathioprine (AZ). The incidence of infections was low, and no serious bacterial infection occurred in these 33 patients. In 17 of 33 patients with a deteriorative graft function caused by intractable nephrotoxicity, CsA was converted to AZ. The mean serum creatinine level of converted patients was significantly higher than that of patients maintained with CsA at each time when a dose of CsA was stepwise reduced from 14 mg/kg/day to 6 mg/kg/day. Conversion to AZ improved graft function dramatically, although it resulted in reversible acute rejections in 4 patients. CsA induced hepatotoxicity occurred in 10 patients, but in all normal liver function was restored with decrease in the dose. The potent immunosuppressive effect of CsA compensates for its side effects. However, CsA should be converted to AZ when the chronic nephrotoxicity persists at a late stage of post-transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Humoral antibody response against Bacteroides gingivalis-specific antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody in adult periodontal patients.

An antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody specific for Bacteroides gingivalis was purified in the presence of 0.5% (wt/vol) beta-octyl-glucoside by immunoadsorbent column chromatography. The purified antigen was homogeneous as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and silver staining, and the pattern of SDS-PAGE agreed with that of immunoblotting. The molecule exhibited an apparent molecular weight of about 62,000 by SDS-PAGE. The antigen was sensitive to trypsin, Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, DNase I and II, and heating, but insensitive to RNase and neuraminidase. By the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, the purified antigen was not cross-reactive with rat polyclonal antibodies to each of several black-pigmented Bacteroides species, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Eikenella corrodens, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. These results indicate that the purified antigen is specific for B. gingivalis. Humoral antibody titers in adult periodontal patients against the specific antigen were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum immunoglobulin G antibody titers against the specific antigen in adult periodontal patients correlated significantly with the severity of periodontal disease. However, such significant correlation was not observed with serum immunoglobulin M antibody titers.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Spontaneous production of interleukin-1-like cytokine from a mouse osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3-E1).

We have investigated the role of interleukin-1 in the regulatory mechanisms of a bone remodeling system. Osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3-E1) established from newborn mouse calvaria spontaneously produced interleukin-1-like cytokine. Although the interleukin-1-like activity was not observed in culture supernatants of the cells during their exponential phase of growth, a most remarkable interleukin-1-like activity was detected in the supernatants of cells cultured in serum-free alpha-MEM on day 5 after the cells had formed a confluent monolayer. Gel filtration analysis indicated that the interleukin-1-like cytokine exhibits some heterogeneity in size.

Animals↗