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Biomedical subjects

Y Nishio

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nishio.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Four cases of upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma after radical cystectomy in bladder cancer].

One hundred and eighty-six patients with primary transitional cell carcinoma underwent radical cystectomy between 1965 to December, 1986. Four of them (2.2%) had developed upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma. Three of the 4 patients had received various transurethral treatments for the primary bladder lesions before radical cystectomy, but one patient had undergone total cystectomy and ileal conduit as primary treatment. All of the upper urinary tract tumors were invasive. Three patients died and one is alive. We consider the following to be high risk patients for the development of upper tract recurrence. 1) patients with carcinoma-in-situ and multicentric tumors in the bladder, 2) patients with recurrent bladder cancer treated with bladder preserving treatment for a long periods, 3) patients with vesicoureteral reflux, and 4) occupational bladder cancer patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical application of MRI for urological malignancy. 3: A new trial of MRI for bladder cancer and prostatic cancer; surface coil and GD-DTPA].

We performed MRI in several recent cases of bladder cancer and prostatic cancer using a general coil or a 5-inch general purpose surface coil with or without Gd-DTPA. The surface coil improves the spacial resolution, density resolution and signal to noise ratio but reduces the field and the signal detection drops off as the depth from the surface increases. Moreover, additional time is required for patient positioning. In Gd-DTPA enhanced images of bladder cancer, the muscle layer became more distinct, and the images of tumor and bladder mucosa were enhanced, suggesting that facilitates evaluation of the extent of bladder wall invasion of the tumor. In Gd-DTPA enhanced images of prostatic cancer, the area conside to correspond to the tumor was enhanced. MRI using a surface coil and Gd-DTPA is considered to provide detailed information of bladder and prostatic cancer.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1988

[Recent management of renal cell carcinoma].

Our experience of radical nephrectomy was analyzed and recent management of renal cell carcinoma was reviewed. One hundred forty-eight patients with renal cell carcinoma were treated by radical nephrectomy between 1970 and December, 1986. The 5-year survival rate according to pathological T-stage was 100% for 4 patients in pT1, 73% for 85 patients in pT2, 51% for 54 patients in pT3, and 0% for 5 patients in pT4. Four patients in pT1 had no venous involvement, lymph node metastasis, or distant metastasis. Thirty patients had venous involvement, 8 in pT2, 20 in pT3 and 2 in pT4. Seventeen patients had positive lymph nodes, 0 in pT2, 15 in pT3 and 2 in pT4. Thirty-three patients had distant metastasis at the time of nephrectomy, 12 in pT2, 18 in pT3 and 3 in pT4. The 5-year survival rates of 30 patients with venous involvement, 17 with lymph node metastasis and 33 with distant metastasis were 47%, 30% and 37%, respectively. No anti-cancer drugs have been recognized to be effective for renal cell carcinoma. However, recent experiences with interferon and lymphokine-activated killer cell therapy suggest that immunotherapy may have a potential role in the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[A case of paraureteral neurilemmoma causing ureteral obstruction: report of a case].

Retroperitoneal neurilemmomas are rare tumors. They are usually asymptomatic, and often become quite large before they are discovered. A case is reported of a 75-year-old man with complaints of general malaise and left lumbar pain. Intravenous pyelography showed left renal nonfunctional and retrograde pyelography revealed the stenosis of the left ureter. The ultrasonogram demonstrated a cystic mass, and it was diagnosed as a retroperitoneal tumor with central necrosis by computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The tumor was removed with the left nonfunctioning kidney and ureter. The tumor was 3 x 3 x 4 cm, and the histological diagnosis was neurilemmoma (Antoni A + B type). There was a tight fibrous adhesion between the tumor and the left ureter, and the tumor was concluded to have originated from the adventitia of ureter. To date, 120 benign cases have been reported in Japan. They are reviewed and discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical studies with a new non-ionic contrast medium (iopamidol) in intravenous pyelography in aged patients].

Iopamidol (IOPAMIRON 300) was examined for excretory urography on 21 patients, between 70 and 94 years old, with reference to visualization, safety and urinary excretion. The results about visualization and safety were compared with those obtained with 60% Urografin. Iopamidol was demonstrated visualization nearly equivalent to that with Urografin, and 19% better pyelogram. Especially, calix showed a clearer contrast than those obtained with Urografin. None of the 21 old patients experienced any side effects or adverse reactions. No abnormalities were noted in serum chemistries. Iopamidol was not quickly excreted into the urine, only 19% during the first 2 hours, in elder patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Penile implantation surgery for organic impotence due to radical cystectomy or prostatectomy].

Implantation surgery was performed twelve times in eleven patients with organic impotence, mainly due to radical cystectomy and prostatectomy against malignancy, between March, 1982 and April, 1987. A self-contained type prosthesis (AMS Hydroflex(TM] was used in 7 cases, reservoir type inflatable prosthesis (AMS 700TM) in 2, malleable semirigid type (ESKA-Jonas Silicon Silver(TM) Trimming Tip Version) in 2, and nonmalleable semirigid type (Fuji system Finney type) in 1 case. In the last case, the prosthesis was replaced by AMS Hydroflex 4.5 years later at patient's wish. Excellent results and good patients' acceptance were gained with inflatable-type prosthesis (AMS 700 and Hydroflex) in 7 out of 8 cases (88%), whereas concealment problems were produced by semirigid type prosthesis (Finney and Jonas). Experience with AMS Hydroflex penile implantation is reported for the first time in the Japanese literature. Intraoperatively, it was sometimes difficult to implant a pair of Hydroflex rods into both of the corpus cavernosum. Postoperative perineal pain was almost constantly seen and in one patient, penile edema continued for three weeks and subsided spontaneously in two months. In another patient, the length of the prosthesis (15 cm) was short, and exchange to the longer one (17 cm) was necessary. In this patient, the longer Hydroflex caused erosion of the glans to necessitate its removal on one side. From our experience, the diameter (11 mm) of the Hydroflex seems to be too big for the average Japanese patient. The operative procedures and results of each kind of the prostheses are briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Transurethral ureterolithotripsy using a rigid ureteroscope].

Eighty patients with ureteral stones underwent transurethral ureterolithotripsy using a rigid ureteroscope. In 68 of the patients (85%), the stones were removed successfully. Most of the 12 failures were removed by a percutaneous approach. The main complications of transurethral ureterolithotripsy were high fever (35%), ureteral injury (10%) and ureteral stricture (1.6%). Ureteroscopic procedures are thought to be useful in stone removal and diagnostic evaluation of abnormality of upper urinary tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Leiomyosarcoma of the prostate: a case report].

A 39-year-old man with the chief complaints of gross hematuria and dysuria was referred to our hospital on June 6th, 1985. Physical examination revealed a tumor in the left lobe of the prostate. Prostatic needle biopsy showed the histological evidence of leiomyosarcoma. Pelvic exenteration with pelvic lymph adenectomy was performed on June 18th, 1985. Histological findings of the tumor revealed leiomyosarcoma and no lymph nodes metastasis. Two courses of vincristine-adriamycin-cyclophosphamide chemotherapy were given postoperatively after a clonogenic assay was done. He considerably improved and was discharged 3 months after operation. He shows no recurrence of tumor 17 months after operation. Thirty-three cases of leiomyosarcoma reported in Japan are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Results of radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Report 1. Analysis according to the TNM staging system of the general rule for clinical and pathological studies on renal cell carcinoma].

One hundred and six patients with renal cell carcinoma were treated with radical nephrectomy at our Department between 1970 to December, 1985. A retrospective analysis was performed with TNM staging system of The General Rule for Clinical and Pathological Studies on Renal Cell Carcinoma, which was established by the Japanese Urological Association in 1983. The 5-year survival rate according to pathological T-stage was 100% for 2 patients in pT1, 67.5% for 58 patients in pT2, 49.5% for 42 patients in pT3, 0% for 4 patients in pT4. Two patients in stage of pT1 had no venous involvement, lymph node metastasis, or distant metastasis. Twenty two patients had positive venous involvement (21%), 4 (7%) in stage of pT2, 16 (38%) in pT3, 2 (50%) in pT4. Twelve patients had positive lymph nodes (11%), 0 (0%) in stage of pT2, 10 (24%) in pT3, 2 (50%) in pT4. Twenty five patients, (24%) had distant metastasis at the time of nephrectomy, 8 (14%) in stage of pT2, 15 (38%) in pT3, 2 (50%) in pT4. The 5-year survival of 22 patients with venous involvement, 12 patients with lymph nodes metastasis, 25 patients with distant metastasis were 47%, 30%, 39% respectively. No significant difference of 5-year survival between 69% of 48 patients in T1 & 2VoNoMo (Robson-I) and 76% of 12 patients in T3VoNoMo (Robson-II) were considered to need the establishment of new classification for early stage of renal cell carcinoma. TNM staging system was thought to be better than Robson's Classification for analyzing the unique biological potential of renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

L-isoleucine and L-leucine: tumor promoters of bladder cancer in rats.

A 4-week assay for screening tumor promoters of bladder cancer has been developed in which increased agglutinability of isolated rat bladder cells with concanavalin A is used as an indicator. On the basis of this assay system, L-isoleucine and L-leucine were suspected of being possible tumor promoters. Results of 40- to 60-week carcinogenesis experiments in which N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine was used as an initiator demonstrate that L-isoleucine and L-leucine promote bladder cancer in rats. This finding may be relevant to the high incidence of human bladder cancer in Western countries, where the diet is rich in protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

New alpha 2-adrenergic blocker (DG-5128) improves insulin secretion and in vivo glucose disposal in NIDDM patients.

Effects of oral administration of DG-5128, a new oral hypoglycemic agent, on glycemic control after a mixed meal and an in vivo glucose disposal were measured in subjects with nonobese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Oral administration of DG-5128 significantly (P less than .05) enhanced insulin secretion both 30 and 60 min after a mixed meal (550 kcal), with a concomitant decrease in postprandial plasma glucose levels at 60 and 120 min. Glucose disposal rate between the 2nd and 4th h of a euglycemic insulin clamp, developed through a constant infusion of insulin (0.77 mU X kg-1 X min-1) together with somatostatin (80 ng X kg-1 X min-1), was 2.5-fold higher in a DG-5128-treated group (P less than .01) than in a control group. However, there was no difference between the two groups in either plasma glucose concentration or plasma insulin concentration at either the 2nd or the 4th h. These results indicate that DG-5128 is effective in controlling plasma glucose levels in subjects with NIDDM by stimulation of both insulin secretion and in vivo glucose disposal.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

[VAB-6 combination chemotherapy in patients with stage II, III testicular tumor].

Between 1983 and 1985, six patients with advanced testicular cancer were treated with 3 cycles of vinblastine, actinomycin D, bleomycin, cyclophosphamide and cisplatinum (VAB-6 combination chemotherapy without maintenance). The histology of the primary tumor was seminoma in one patient and nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumor (NSGCTT) in 5. Five men with stage III or bulky stage II diseases received no prior chemotherapy but one had received another chemotherapy without cisplatinum. Two patients showed a complete response to chemotherapy. Three were partial responders free of disease after a debulking operation and additional chemotherapy. The other patient who had NSGCTT had recurrence 5 months after the last induction chemotherapy and received additional chemotherapy (PVeBV regimen). Median follow-up was 16 months (range 2 to 28 months) and all patients are alive with no evidence of disease. Severe myelosuppression and serious renal toxicity were not experienced. Marked, but transient elevation of serum transaminase were observed in all patients. These data suggest that this protocol is highly effective and minimally toxic in the treatment of disseminated testicular tumor.

Adolescent↗