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Y Nishio

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nishio.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Cytotoxicity studies on T-3262 in cultured Chinese hamster cells].

T-3262 is an antibacterial drug which belongs to the group of pyridonecarboxylic acids. In this study, we investigated cytotoxicity of T-3262 for inhibition of cell growth and effects on viability of, and morphological changes in cultured Chinese hamster cells (V79 cells). The following results were obtained. 1. The 50% inhibition dose of T-3262 for cell growth (ID50, cultured for 48 hours) was 12 micrograms/ml, showing that the inhibitory effect of T-3262 on the cell growth was stronger than that of enoxacin (ENX: ID50 44 micrograms/ml), norfloxacin (NFLX: ID50 105 micrograms/ml) or ofloxacin (OFLX: ID50 145 micrograms/ml). 2. The number of cells increased and dead cells were scarcely seen at the highest concentration tested in culture medium (40 micrograms/ml of T-3262 for 48 hours). At this concentration, degeneration of cytoplasm (atrophy and round shape) and decrease of mitotic cells were observed. These morphological changes were similar to those of the cells treated 400 micrograms/ml of NFLX or OFLX for 48 hours. 3. After the removal of T-3262 from culture medium, the cells began to grow actively and recovered from the morphological changes. The similar phenomenon was observed with ENX treated cells but not with fluorouracil or mitomycin C treated cells.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1989

Spinal cord distribution of 3H-morphine after intrathecal administration: relationship to analgesia.

The distribution of intrathecally administered 3H-morphine was examined by light microscopic autoradiography in rat spinal cord and temporal changes in silver grain localization were compared with results obtained from simultaneous measurements of analgesia. After tissue processing, radio-activity was found to have penetrated in superficial as well as in deeper layers (Rexed lamina V, VII, and X) of rat spinal cord within minutes after application. Silver grain density reached maximal values at 30 min in every region of cord studied. Radioactivity decreased rapidly between 30 min and 2 hr and then more slowly over the next 24 hr. In rats tested for responses to a thermal stimulus (tail flick test), intrathecal administration of morphine (5 and 15 micrograms) resulted in significant dose dependent analgesia that peaked at 30 min and lasted up to 5 hr (P less than 0.5). There was a close relationship between analgesia and spinal cord silver grain density during the first 4 hr of the study. It is postulated that the onset of spinal morphine analgesia depends on appearance of molecules at sites of action followed by the activation of anti-nociceptive mechanisms.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1989

[Indiana continent urinary reservoir: report of 15 cases].

Over the last several years, internal reservoir type urinary diversions have become popular. We have already performed Kock continent ileal reservoir for urinary diversion in more than 80 patients. The experience with the Kock pouch prompted us to try a new form of continent urinary reservoir originally reported by Indiana University group. The Indiana pouch is a composite structure using ileum and cecum. The antireflux mechanism is provided with tunneled ureteral implantation along the tenia of the cecum. Plication of the terminal ileal segment along with the ileocecal valve maintains urinary continence. The tubular configuration of the cecum is completely disrupted with either an ileal patch or Heineke-Mikulicz re-configuration to construct a low pressure reservoir. Between October, 1987 and September, 1988, we performed Indiana continent urinary diversion in 15 cases: 13 males and 2 females, from 47 to 73 years old (mean age 61.3 years), 14 bladder cancer patients and 1 bladder sarcoma patient. The initial 8 patients underwent Heineke-Mikulicz type operation and the subsequent 7 patients ileal patch-type operation. Median followup has been 7 months. There were no major early complications but one postoperative death with blood transfusion related graft versus host disease (GVHD). The late complication occurred in 2 patients: 1 stenosis of the pouch due to insufficient detubularization of the cecum and 1 pyelonephritis required no admission. Serum electrolytes and vitamin B12 remained normal in all patients. Patients perform self-catheterization every 3-5 hours during the day and 0-2 times at night for volumes ranging up to 800 ml. With regard to volume capacity and pressure characteristics, the ileal patch type reservoir seemed to be superior to the Heineke-Mikulicz type pouch as a receptacle for urine. Over-all, 12 of 14 patients (86 per cent) have acceptable continence. The remaining 2 patients have significant daytime leakage requiring pads or a cutaneous bag. Followup examination with excretory urography showed no upper tract obstruction and X-rays of the pouch showed no reflux. Indiana pouch is a relatively simple continent urinary reservoir, since the steps of this technique already are familiar to urologists. It may be an alternative form of continent urinary diversion.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Two cases of adrenal cysts--the meaning of imaging in diagnosing adrenal cysts].

Two cases of adrenal cysts are reported. The first case is of a left adrenal cyst in a 19-year-old woman and was incidentally discovered by computed tomography (CT). Its margin was clear, its contents was homogeneous and its signal indicated water contents on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It was punctured and is now followed up by CT. The second case is of a left adrenal cyst in a 62-year-old woman, which also happened to be discovered by CT. Its contents was heterogeneous by MRI. It was removed and proved to be a lymphangiomatous cyst. The conclusion is that MRI will be useful in the differential diagnosis of adrenal cysts.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1988

Red-cell-volume distribution curves in diagnosis of glomerular and non-glomerular haematuria.

The distribution curves of urinary red-blood-cell (RBC) size were obtained from automated blood-cell analysis in 146 patients with definite causes of haematuria. In 65 of 67 patients (97%) with haematuria and glomerulonephritis demonstrated by renal biopsy, urinary RBC had an irregular and asymmetrical distribution with RBC size showing a much smaller volume than that of venous RBC. This "glomerular" distribution contrasted with the "non-glomerular" normal distribution when the peak for RBC was at a larger volume than that for peripheral RBC. In 46 of 47 patients with haematuria who had lower urinary tract lesions other than infection, a non-glomerular distribution was obtained; 30 of these cases also showed glomerular distribution, and were classified as "mixed". All 32 patients with urinary tract infection had either a glomerular or mixed distribution, suggesting that they excreted distorted and dysmorphic urinary RBC. After excluding infections, this simple, rapid, reproducible, and non-invasive technique provides reliable information in distinguishing glomerular bleeding from other causes of haematuria.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Fentanyl suppression of nociceptive neurons in the superficial dorsal horn of the cat.

This study was designed to examine the influence of spinally administered fentanyl on the spontaneous and noxiously evoked activity of high threshold (HT) and wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons in the superficial layers (lamina I and II) of the dorsal horn of cats made decerebrate and in which the spinal cord had been transected. Single unit activity was recorded using extracellular microelectrode recording techniques. Neuronal activity was evoked by the presentation of noxious radiant heat (51 degrees C) to the cells' receptive fields on the hind paws. Evoked activity of WDR neurons was monitored, both before and after the spinal administration of either 10 micrograms (n = 9) or 25 micrograms (n = 10) of fentanyl. HT neurons were examined before and after either 25 micrograms (n = 7) or 50 micrograms (n = 7) of spinally administered fentanyl. In all cases 31 min after fentanyl administration naloxone (0.1 mg) was administered intravenously (iv), and its antagonistic effect on the fentanyl suppression was determined. All doses of fentanyl tested suppressed both spontaneous and evoked activity of both types of neurons. Within 30 minutes 10 and 25 micrograms of fentanyl reduced the mean evoked activity of WDR neurons to 61% and 19% of control values, respectively, and 25 and 50 micrograms of fentanyl reduced the mean evoked activity of HT neurons to 70% and 47% of control values, respectively. Naloxone reversed the suppression seen in all cells studied. The results of the present study demonstrate that HT neurons are significantly less suppressed by the spinal administration of fentanyl than WDR neurons located in the same superficial layers of the dorsal horn.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Deficiency of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats.

The number of beta-adrenergic receptors in cardiac myocytes isolated from rats made diabetic with streptozocin (STZ) for 10 wk was measured by use of a hydrophilic nonselective antagonist [3H]CGP 12177 and was found to decrease to 59% of the number in control rats (P less than .05), without any change in affinity. Similarly, using [125I]iodocyanopindolol as a ligand, we found a decrease in the beta-adrenergic-receptor number on cardiac plasma membrane isolated from the diabetic rats [29% decrease (P less than .05) at 1 wk, 50% (P less than .01) at 3 wk, and 49% (P less than .01) at 10 wk compared with control rats]. However, the serum triiodothyronine level that had been known to modulate the beta-adrenergic-receptor-adenylate cyclase system was decreased in the 1-wk-diabetic rats but not in the 10-wk-diabetic rats compared with each control group. Furthermore, there was no difference in urinary catecholamine excretion between diabetic and control groups. In the 10-wk-diabetic rats, the response of adenylate cyclase to isoproterenol was significantly defective (56% decrease compared with control rats; P less than .05), although both the basal and the forskolin-stimulated maximum adenylate cyclase activities and a half-maximum concentration of isoproterenol for the stimulation of adenylate cyclase were similar in control and diabetic rats. On the other hand, both cholera toxin-dependent and islet-activating protein-dependent [32P]NAD incorporations into cardiac plasma membrane were markedly increased in the diabetic rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1988

[Hypomagnesemia following chemotherapy of disseminated testicular tumors].

Sixteen patients with metastatic testicular cancer were treated with combination chemotherapy including cisplatin (CDDP) at 3- to 4-week intervals for two to five courses. There was a sequential fall in serum magnesium with each course of therapy: 13 of the 16 patients (81%) became hypomagnesemic, and the median magnesium nadir was 1.67 mg/dl. Serum magnesium nadir levels gradually decreased according to the cumulative CDDP dose. Acute clinical effects of the hypomagnesemia were observed in 4 patients, 2 of them complained of neuromuscular disturbance in the extremities, one of cardiac arrhythmia, and the other of Raynaud's phenomenon. The median time to the onset of hypomagnesemia was 67 days and the duration of hypomagnesemia was 24 days. The creatinine clearance (Ccr) decreased gradually according to the cumulative CDDP dose, and the mean Ccr declined from 87.2 ml/min before therapy to 55.8 ml/min. In 3 out of 16 patients, an irreversible decrease to below 50 ml/min was seen after chemotherapy. In patients with normal renal function treated by VAB-6 regimen, creatinine clearance (Ccr) decreased transiently during each course of chemotherapy and returned to the pretreatment level during the interval. The mean creatinine clearance declined from 90.7 ml/min before therapy to 82.9 ml/min after three courses of induction chemotherapy. Urinary excretion of beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2MG) increased transiently before Ccr began to decrease during each course of chemotherapy. Serum potassium and calcium concentrations decreased transiently probably due to urinary losses but there was no significant relationship between hypopotassemia, hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Complete remission of stage III penile cancer by multidisciplinary treatment: report of a case].

A case of penile cancer with bilateral metastatic inguinal lymph nodes in a 68-year-old male is reported. We used combination chemotherapy with methotrexate, bleomycin, and cisplatin for 2 courses before ilioinguinal lymphadenectomy. The surgical specimen of ilioinguinal lymph nodes revealed no viable tumors. It is clear that this combination therapy was effective against metastatic penile cancer and the role of preoperative chemotherapy is becoming increasingly important in metastatic penile cancer. This chemotherapy and surgical approach deserves additional trial in patients with metastatic penile cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Chemotherapy of carcinoma of the prostate and testis: experimental study in vivo and in vitro].

Prostate cancer: Considering the stagnation in chemotherapy of prostate cancer in recent years, the following experiments were carried out to determine their clinical value. Surgical specimens from 6 patients, 2 permanent cell lines (EB 33 and PC 93) originated from human prostate cancer and a tumor line serially transplanted in nude mice (PC-NCC) were subjected to chemosensitivity tests such as human tumor cloning assay (HTCA) and/or in vivo tumor growth curve experiments using nude mice. The possible chemosensitive drugs screened by using surgical specimens and PC-NCC tumor were cisplatinum (CDDP), bleomycin (BLM), 5-FU, vincristine (VCR), adriamycin (ADM) and methotrexate (MTX). Most of these drugs were also judged as "effective" by HTCA using a permanent cell line. The minimal discrepancy among them may lead to the conclusion that an in vitro assay using a cell line can substitute for the assay using surgical specimens which can not be obtained frequently. Partly based on the data obtained a chemotherapy regimen, VPM-CisCF, consisting of VCR, peplomycin, MTX, CDDP, cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and 5-FU, was designed. The effectiveness of this regimen was demonstrated experimentally. Testis cancer: Two different lines of experiments were performed. A human testicular cancer serially transplanted in nude mice was repeatedly exposed to CDDP in vivo to obtain hyposensitivity to this drug. The synergistic effect of CDDP and VP-16 was demonstrated in the tumor thus obtained. One of its mechanisms has been suggested by partial accumulation of cancer cells in the G1-S and G2-M phase in which CDDP exerts its potential effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Genital Paget's disease with general metastasis: a case report].

A 74-year-old man with the chief complaint of ulceration of penile shaft and scrotal swelling was referred to our hospital on November 7, 1985. Biopsy specimen of the local lesion histologically revealed invasive adenocarcinoma with Paget's cell. Clinical studies revealed a high serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level and regional lymph node metastasis was highly suspected. We concluded that the patient was suffering from Stage II genital Paget's disease. Emasculation, bil-inguinal and pelvic lymph node dissection, and free skin mesh grafting were performed on December 24, 1985. Histological findings of the tumor confirmed Paget's disease and bil-inguinal and pelvic lymph node metastases. CEA staining showed CEA positive malignant cells in both the primary lesion and metastatic lymph nodes. After operation, the rapid deterioration of the patient's condition was accompanied by extremely high serum CEA levels, obstructive jaundice, and evidence of metastasis to the liver. He died 24 days after operation and autopsy could not be performed. We recommend aggressive treatment when clinical studies reveal invasion to the epidermis, high serum CEA levels and lymph node metastasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

The validity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the staging of bladder cancer: comparison with computed tomography (CT) and transurethral ultrasonography (US).

The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of bladder cancer was accomplished in 26 patients who had histologically proven transitional cell carcinoma through transurethral resection. All 26 patients were simultaneously studied by computed tomography (CT) and 21 were also studied by transurethral ultrasonography (US) before surgery or preoperative irradiation. The evaluations of the MRI and CT were carried out by the same radiologist and urologist postoperatively; the evaluation of the US was carried out by several urologists preoperatively, and their results compared with the postoperative pathological findings. The staging accuracy for pT2 tumors and above for each imaging modality was as follows. MRI: sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 71.4%, accuracy 76.9%; CT: sensitivity 58.3%, specificity 42.8%, accuracy 50%; US: sensitivity 100%, specificity 70%, accuracy 85.7%. The results of the staging with regard to extravesical extensions were as follows. MRI: sensitivity 60%, specificity 85.7%, accuracy 80.8%; CT: sensitivity 60%, specificity 81%, accuracy 76.9%. On the other hand, the sensitivity of US was 25%, specificity 94.1% and accuracy was 81%. The higher the pathological staging, the more the diagnostic accuracy was likely to be increased with MRI and CT, but diminished for US. There were three cases of pT1 tumors being over-diagnosed by US, but two of them were accurately staged by MRI. The other 11 cases, diagnosed as T2 or above by US, were only minimally overstaged or understaged by MRI. MRI seemed able to overcome the disadvantage of US which tended to over-diagnose pT1 tumors and which was not suitable for use in diagnosing infiltrative tumors correctly. CT seemed useless for local staging.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical study on the effect of CSF-HU (colony stimulating factor human urine) on leukopenia and granulocytopenia induced by cancer chemotherapy--a double-blind study in patients with genito-urinary cancer].

The ability of CSF-HU (P-100) to inhibit and improve the leukocytopenia and granulocytopenia which occur following cancer chemotherapy was investigated in a double-blind study which included an inactive placebo. The drug was administered, 2 vials/day (8 X 10(6)U of P-100), by intravenous drip infusion consecutively for 7 days starting from the 5th day after cancer chemotherapy was initiated. The total cases included in the study numbered 261. The efficacy rate was 53.0% for the P-100 group and 38.9% for the placebo group, while the usefulness rate was 54.8% for the former and 38.1% for the latter. In either case, statistically significant differences were observed in favor of the P-100 group. The reduction in the number of days before the leukocyte count returned to 4,000/mm3 was statistically significant in the P-100 group. While side effects appeared in both the P-100 (4.8%) and the placebo (4.4%) groups, none of them were considered to be serious. Judging from these results, p-100 was considered to be a useful therapeutic drug for the treatment of leukocytopenia and granulocytopenia following cancer chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Experience with combination chemotherapy consisting of methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin (M-VAC) in advanced urothelial cancer].

The M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin) regimen was used to treat 6 patients with metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract. Three patients showed a partial response, all of them were made surgically disease free. Two of them are still alive 1 year and for 6 months after surgery with no evidence of disease and one other died of disease 11 months after surgery. The response in one case was no change and that in two others was a progressive disease. From our experience, we suggest that treatment with M-VAC is effective but that surgery after M-VAC appears essential for the successful management of the patients with metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract.

Adult↗