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Biomedical subjects

Y Lasne

Publications and source records attributed to Y Lasne.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Embryonal carcinoma and vitelline tumor of the mediastinum. Diagnostic and prognostic value of alpha-fetoprotein levels. A propos of 5 cases].

Five cases are reported of embryonal carcinoma with a vitelline structure more or less predominating. The presentation was of an anterior mediastinal tumour occurring in young men and in three cases there was mediastinal obstruction. The clinical examination, in particular testicular examination, was negative. In each case the level of the alpha-fetoprotein was greater than 1,000 micrograms/l, even post-operatively. The alpha-fetoprotein and HCG-beta should be measured systematically in all cases of anterior mediastinal tumour occurring in young subjects, and would enable a more frequent identification of tumours with difficult histology. The serum levels reflected the changes noted clinically and radiologically. Polychemotherapy bases around cis platinum led to a significant but transitory regression of the tumours. Radiotherapy was ineffective. Surgery was never totally curative.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of hydrocortisone on intravenous glucose tolerance in small-for-gestational-age infants.

The effects of hydrocortisone (H) hemisuccinate (10 mg/kg) on intravenous glucose tolerance (1 g/kg) was studied in eight full term small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants and compared to seven control infants at mean age of 41 h. After H, the rate of glucose disappearance was (mean +/- SD) 0.92 +/- 0.27 vs 1.24 +/- 0.31% min in controls (p less than 0.01). Glucose space was similar after H: 449 +/- 62 ml/kg and in the control group 468 +/- 75 ml/kg. At 5 and 15 min, although higher in the H group, mean plasma glucose was not significantly different. The difference became significant at 30 min (t = 2.00; p = 0.05), 45 (t = 2.298; p less than 0.05) and 60 min (t = 2.48; p less than 0.02). Plasma insulin concentration did not change after glucose injection in the control group. After H administration, plasma insulin increased: the basal median value was less than 5 mU/ml (range less than 5-18) and at 60 min it rose to 30 mU/ml (range 7.5-89). These data suggest that in newborn infants corticoids induce a reduced peripheral uptake of glucose independent of insulin secretion.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1982

Role of sialic acid in the microheterogeneity of serum thyroxine-binding globulin. Study by two-dimensional isoelectric focusing.

A new technique combining a neuraminidase treatment of thyroxine-binding globulin after serum isoelectric focusing and a second-dimensional isoelectric focusing was developed to study the role of sialic acid in the microheterogeneity of native thyroxine-binding globulin. By showing the change of PI occasioned by the desialylation for each of the bands constituting the thyroxine-binding globulin pattern separately, this procedure clearly demonstrated that the microheterogeneity of the native protein could not be imputed to the varying sialic acid content of the bands only. We suggest that at least three molecules of thyroxine-binding globulin, with probably slight differences in their amino acid composition, are present in the serum, and that different degrees of sialylation ensure greater microheterogeneity of this protein.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of oral lipid administration on glucose homeostasis in small-for-gestational-age infants.

The metabolic effect of feeding with 1.3 g/kg bw lipids (67% medium chain triglycerides) was studied in 15 small-for-gestational age (SGA) term infants. It was compared to a control group of 7 SGA term infants, to 7 term infants with an appropriate birth weight (AGA) and to 7 AGA preterm infants. Plasma glucose concentration rose from (M +/- SE) 3.6 +/- 0.2 to 4.4 +/- 0.3 mmol/l at 30 min in SGA term infants (p less than 0.01). A similar increase was observed in AGA term and preterm infants. The lipid load produced no change in plasma glucagon concentration but a significant increase in insulin/glucagon molar ratio was observed in AGA term infants only. In term SGA infants, the disappearance rate of glucose in plasma after the lipid load was similar to the control: 1.24% per min. The evolution of blood pyruvate and lactate concentration was not modified by the lipid load. Despite lower concentrations of free fatty acids and ketone bodies (KB) in SGA infants than in AGA term infants, the lipid load induced a 120% increase of ketone bodies in SGA infants and a 40% increase only in AGA infants. These data show that these lipids produce a hyperglycemic response in SGA infants as in AGA infants without any change of the disappearance rate of glucose. They suggest that these lipids can stimulate gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in SGA infants.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

[Pulmonary collagens and their pathology (author's transl)].

Collagen is a macro-molecule of polypeptide chains arranged in a triple helix. The biosynthesis and degradation of collagen require complex enzymes systems; considerable progress has been made in their understanding in recent years. Collagen is the most important connective tissue of the body and five types are present in the lower respiratory tract. Genetic disorders of collagen (e.g. the Ehlers-Danlos or Marfan's syndrome) may affect the lung. Furthermore certain pulmonary diseases such as fibrosis are associated with changes in the ratio of the different types of collagen. Collagen can no longer be dissociated from the study of tissue changes in pulmonary pathology; the aim of our study is to provide elementary data concerning this aspect of modern pneumology.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1981

Effect of oral administration of lipids with 67% medium chain triglycerides on glucose homeostasis in preterm neonates.

Since hypoglycemic responses to medium chain triglycerides (MCT) have been reported in adults we studied the effect of an acute oral load of lipids (2,8 g/kg) with 67% MCT on glucose homeostasis in 21 preterm infants in comparison to 14 age-matched control preterm infants. A hyperglycemic response from (mean +/- SEM) 57 +/- 1.1 to 74 +/- 2.5 at 30 min (p less than 0.01) and to 80.5 +/- 2.5 mg/dl at 60 min (p less than 0.01) was observed after administration of the lipids whereas no change in plasma glucose concentration was observed in the control group. After administration of the lipids there was no change in the concentration of insulin and glucagon in plasma. An intravenous glucose tolerance test (1 g/kg) was similar in the control group and 60 min after administration of the lipids. After administration of the lipids free fatty acid concentration remained unchanged while a significant decrease from 304 +/- 56 to 199 +/- 28 muEq/l was observed in 60 min in the control group. At 60 min beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration was higher after lipid administration (630 +/- 86 mumol/l) than in the control group (436 +/- 66 mumol/l) (p less than 0.05). A more rapid decrease in blood lactate concentration was found after lipid administration than in the control group while no change in plasma alanine concentration was observed in either groups. In five additional preterm infants, plasma glucose concentration increased from 56 +/- 0.6 to 75 +/- 0.9 mg/dl (p less than 0.01) 60 minutes after gastric administration of glycerol (0.3 g/kg). These data show that in preterm infants, a lipid load with 67% TCM produces a hyperglycemic response through gluconeogenesis without changing the peripheral rate of glucose disappearance.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1981

A sensitive method for characterization of oligoclonal immunoglobulins in unconcentrated cerebrospinal fluid.

Although isoelectric focusing has been used to demonstrate the presence of oligoclonal IgG in the CSF, the technique has not allowed detection of oligoclonal IgG in unconcentrated CSF. A new technique is reported, by which unconcentrated CSF is separated by isoelectric focusing, and the IgG bands are then detected by radioimmunofixation. Samples as small as 20 microliters may be used.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1980

Microhetero;geneity and polymorphism of human serum thryroxine-binding globulin. Study by isoelectric focusing and radioprint immunofixation.

A new technique of radioprint immunofixation following isoelectric focusing was applied to the study of microheterogeneity of thyroxine-binding globulin without purification, in individual sera; this protein appeared to give rise to at least seven bands with isoelectric points in the range of pI 4.2--5.0. Furthermore, two different distributions of the intensity of these bands were found in the sera investigated, suggesting the existence of thyroxine-binding globulin polymorphism in man.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Effect of early oral calcium supplementation on serum calcium and immunoreactive calcitonin concentration in preterm infants.

Oral calcium supplements (80 mg/kg per 24 h) were given to 23 preterm infants, and the course of serum calcium, magnesium, immunoreactive calcitonin, and gastrin was compared with a control group of 23 matched infants. In the supplemented group, serum calcium concentrations remained at the baseline level (2.31 mmol/l +/- 0.18 SD) while a fall (from 2.27 +/- 0.18 to 1.91 +/- 0.24 mmol/l) was observed at 12-16 hours of age in the control group, with 4 values < 1.75 mmol/l. There was no change in serum magnesium concentration in either group. The postnatal rise of serum immunoreactive calcitonin concentrations in the control group (from 171 +/- 135 to 493 +/- 273 pg/ml at 12-48 hours of age) was not found in the supplemented group. There was a negative correlation between serum calcium and immunoreactive calcitonin levels in the control group, but not in the supplemented group. There was no correlation between serum immunoreactive calcitonin and gastrin concentrations. These data show that oral calcium supplementation can prevent early neonatal hypocalcaemia, and suggest that this effect is achieved at least in part through a reduction of the postnatal rise of serum immunoreactive calcitonin.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed1980

[Radioimmunofixation: a new technic for characterizing immunoglobulins in unconcentrated cerebrospinal fluid. Preliminary results].

The restriction of heterogenicity of immunoglobulins G (IgG), or oligoclonal distribution, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be observed after electrophoresis or electrofocalization, the IgG nature of each oligoclonal band being confirmed by subsequent immuno-electrophoresis. Using immunofixation, the oligoclonal bands can be visualized and characterized simultaneously, but requires previous concentration of the CSF, which is a source of error. The technique of radioimmunofixation, here described, allows the study of IgG with 20 microliters of non-concentrated CSF. It demonstrates that the oligoclonal characteristic is present in normal CSF and is a more quantitative than qualitative feature. Preliminary results show that the method can be applied to the study of all CSF proteins. By using a viral antigen labelled with I-125, for example, it should be possible to reveal and visualize the antibody activity of each oligoclonal band and to determine whether the quantitative increase in an oligoclonal band corresponds to a definite antigenic stimulation.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Antenatal administration of betamethasone. Effects upon neonatal blood glucose in premature infants (author's transl)].

This effect was studied in 23 preterm neonates at the age of 2--8 hours. Betamethasone was administered at a dose of 12 mg intramuscular once or several times before delivery. This glycemia was compared with the glycemia of 52 control preterm infants studied at the same period. In the control preterm neonates, the mean (+/- 1 S.D.) blood glucose level was 0.51 +/- 0.26 g/l versus 0.53 +/- 0.24 g/l in the preterm infants pretreated with betamethasone. The incidence of glycemia less than 0.30 or 0.20 g/l was not significantly different in the two groups. These data show that prenatal betamethasone therapy has no harmful or diserable effect on the neonatal glycemia of preterm infants.

Betamethasone↗
PubMed1979

Effect of intravenous hydrocortisone administration on glucose homeostasis in small for gestational age infants.

The effects of I.V. hydrocortisone (H) (10 mg/kg) on glucose homeostasis were evaluated at 25 to 85 hours of age in 14 infants who were small for gestational age (SGA) in comparison to 17 control SGA infants. Three hours after H administration, higher levels of plasma glucose than in controls were detected (mean +/- S.E.M.): 4.78 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.88 +/- 0.2 mmol/l (p less than 0.01), while lower levels were found for blood pyruvate (38 +/- 7 vs. 89 +/- 12 mumol/l--p less than 0.01), plasma insulin (6.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 12 +/- 0.8 muIU/ml--p less than 0.05) and plasma glucagon (62.25 +/- 6.6 vs. 81.6 +/- 6.6 pmol/l--p less than 0.05). Three hours after H administration, I.V. injection of L-alanine (150 mg/kg) produced a significant rise over baseline of plasma glucose concentration from 4.78 +/- 0.2 to 5.94 +/- 0.2 mmol/l at 50 min (p less than 0.05), whereas no significant change was observed in controls. There was no significant change in plasma glucagon and insulin concentrations after L-alanine injection in either group. These results show that in SGA infants primed with H, the rise of plasma glucose concentration after L-alanine administration is observed with low plasma insulin levels and without stimulation of glucagon secretion. They suggest that H induced a reduced peripheral utilization of glucose by lowering the plasma levels of insulin and a production of glucose from alanine through gluconeogenesis.

Alanine↗
PubMed1978

The sodium pump of erythrocytes from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: effect of ouabain on the active sodium flux and on (Na+, K+)ATPase.

Active ion exchanges across erythrocyte membrane from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy were studied by two methods: --erythrocyte ghosts (Na+,K+)ATPase activity and its sensibility to ouabain, using an enzymatic method; --active sodium outflux and its sensibility to ouabain using a radioisotopic method. (Na+,K+)ATPase activity and active sodium outflux were decreased in dystrophic patients compared to normal sex- and age-matched controls. Enzymatic activity and active sodium outflux were inhibited by ouabain 10(-4) M in patients and in controls. Inhibition of the active sodium outflux was lower in patients than in controls. The results are discussed in light of the literature.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗