Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Lasne

Publications and source records attributed to Y Lasne.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Serum ferritin spectrotypes in patients with heterozygous beta-thalassaemia.

Serum ferritin spectrotypes from patients heterozygous for beta-thalassaemia were determined after agarose isoelectric focusing followed by radio-immunofixation with anti-ferritin antibody. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a specific spectrotype for heterozygous beta-thalassaemia. This spectrotype was shown to be different from those in hereditary spherocytosis and idiopathic haemochromatosis. Statistical discrimination reached 100% of well-classified patients between these pathological conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Colloid substitutes and hematocrit measurement by micromethods].

A study was carried out to determine whether centrifugation and resistivity were reliable methods for measuring haematocrit of blood diluted with dextran or gelatin. The values obtained with the minicentrifuge Compur M 1100 (Bayer) (group 2) and with the Stat-Crit (Fumouze) (group 3) were compared with those obtained with the reference method (Coulter counter Model S + 2, Coultronics) (group 1). The study included 10 healthy subjects, aged 21 to 43 years. In each, sodium, potassium, chloride and protein concentrations were determined. Two further 10 ml blood samples were taken to be diluted with increasing amounts of either a fluid modified gelatin (Plasmion) or a dextran 40 (Piasmacair). The dilutions carried out were 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%. For each one, the haematocrit was measured using all three methods. The values obtained with undiluted blood were similar with the three methods. However, when blood was diluted with a dextran, haematocrit values were underestimated, whatever method was used, but by no more than 5% (difference not statistically significant). The result was the same with the centrifugation method for blood diluted with gelatin. On the other hand, values obtained with the resistivity technique for these samples were underestimated up to 15.5% (50% dilution; p less than 0.05). This was due to the negative electric charge of the gelatin, which lowered the haematocrit value in proportion to the concentration of gelatin. Although the technique is easier than centrifugation, measuring haematocrit with a resistivity method should be avoided in patients receiving a fluid modified gelatin.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1991

[Echographic guided puncture of ovarian cysts. Possibilities and limitations].

Ultrasound-guided puncture is a simple and easy to perform procedure. It would seem to be a good idea to suggest simple puncture as a first intention in cases of an image of ovarian cyst. In theory, the advantages are obvious: a puncture is performed, the liquid is analyzed and an appropriate treatment is administered. Coelio-surgery could surely be avoided in cases of functional cysts and perhaps in some non-malignant ovarian cysts. In fact, it must be remembered that a cancer of the ovary in its early stages may have the appearance of a banal cyst, and that puncture does not allow pathological examination. Cytological examination is insufficient to totally rule out malignancy or to allow detailed histological diagnosis. There is, therefore, a risk of leaving in place the pocket of a cyst which may be organic and which may recur or even develop. For these reasons, ultrasound-guided puncture can be undertaken only in pre-selected patients and in the context of a specific protocol: 1) The ultrasound image of the cyst must be liquid, anechoic, unilocular (or bilocular with a fin wall), with no vegetation, the serum level of CA 125 must be low; 2) it the puncture liquid is oily, tarry or viscous, a celioscopy must be carried out as soon as possible, only a yellow-colored liquid can justify waiting; 3) the analysis of the cyst fluid is not always determinant, and the cytology findings are conclusive only if positive. A high 17 beta-estradiol level suggests a functional cyst.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Left ventricular function in chronic asymptomatic aortic insufficiency. Angioscintographic study].

More accurate information is needed on the usefulness of radionuclide angiography performed during exercise for the assessment of left ventricular function in chronic aortic regurgitation and on its value compared with echocardiography. Between January, 1985 and January, 1988, we studied 23 asymptomatic patients presenting with severe, isolated and pure aortic regurgitation. Nine patients who were not operated upon during that period (group N) had the following characteristics: age 39.4 +/- 12.3 years, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter 67.3 +/- 4.7 mm, left ventricular end-systolic diameter 43.4 +/- 3.2 mm, left ventricular fibre shortening fraction 0.36 +/- 0.05, left ventricular radionuclide ejection fraction 0.67 +/- 0.10 at rest and 0.66 +/- 0.09 during maximum exercise. Compared with the values obtained in 8 controls of the same age (ejection fraction 0.65 +/- 0.07, p less than 0.05, at rest and 0.76 +/- 0.09, p less than 0.05, during maximum exercise), the behaviour of group N patients during exercise was perturbed. Fourteen patients who underwent surgery presented with the following characteristics: age 53.3 +/- 13.3 years (p less than 0.05), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter 71.4 +/- 8.7 mm (p less than 0.05), left ventricular end-systolic diameter 49.4 +/- 6.5 mm (p less than 0.05), fibre shortening fraction 0.31 +/- 0.03 (p less than 0.01), ejection fraction 0.53 +/- 0.08 at rest (p less than 0.001) and 0.40 +/- 0.08 during maximum exercise (p less than 0.001). These results suggest that radionuclide angiography performed during exercise is effective in the early detection and accurate evaluation of myocardial dysfunction in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation at the asymptomatic stage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Course of the radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction at rest and during exercise in surgically treated asymptomatic chronic aortic insufficiency].

In order to preserve left ventricular (LV) function, aortic valve replacement may be contemplated in asymptomatic patients with aortic regurgitation when LV dilatation and dysfunction are not too advanced. Our study involved 10 asymptomatic patients with severe, isolated and pure aortic regurgitation. Before, and 6 months after the operation, the LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured at rest and during exercise on an ergometric bicycle by radionuclide angiography (multigated technique). Mean preoperative values were: age 52 +/- 14 years; cardiothoracic ratio 0.55 +/- 0.04; end-diastolic LV diameter 69 +/- 9 mm; end systolic LV diameter 47 +/- 7 mm; LV fibre shortening fraction 0.31 +/- 0.03; LVEF 0.55 +/- 0.10 at rest and 0.41 +/- 0.13 at exercise. After surgery, the cardiothoracic ratio value (0.51 +/- 0.03) and the LVEF value at rest (0.60 +/- 0.07) were not significantly different from the corresponding preoperative values, but the LVEF value during exercise was significantly increased (0.58 +/- 0.11, p less than 0.001). Among the 9 patients who before surgery showed a fall in LVEF at exercise, after surgery 5 had a rise (group B) and 4 had a fall (group A) in LVEF at exercise. Before surgery, group A patients had greater LV diameters than group B patients: end-diastolic diameter 76 +/- 6 mm vs 63 +/- 9 mm; end-systolic diameter 53 +/- 4 mm vs 43 +/- 7 mm (p = 0.07). These diameters were the only variables that predicted the postoperative changes in LVEF at exercise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1989

[Enalapril versus digoxin in chronic congestive cardiac failure. Study of variation of the left ventricular ejection fraction determined by radio-isotopic angioscintigraphy at rest and during exertion].

The effects of enalapril were evaluated in a double-blind, controlled study during 8 weeks, in patients with stable, congestive chronic cardiac insufficiency (functional classification II and III of the NYHA), in sinus rhythm, treated with digitalis and diuretics. 20 patients were randomly divided in two groups: one group continuing the digoxin (group A: 10 patients) and one group where enalapril was substituted for digoxin (group B: 10 patients). Patients from group B presented less clinical aggravation during the study. The left ventricular stroke volume (SV) is significantly decreased in group B at rest (0.21 +/- 0.06 at 50; 0.18 +/- 0.04 at 54; p less than 0.05), while it remained stable during stress. No variations of the SVs were noted at rest and during stress in group A. Considering its favorable clinical effects and after evaluation of its longterm side effects, enalapril may be an acceptable alternative to digitalis in cardiac insufficiency with sinus rhythm, except in patients for whom a drop in the systemic blood pressure or an increased kaliemia or creatininemia, could be potentially harmful.

Digoxin↗
PubMed1988

Radioimmunofixation of human ferritin following serum isoelectric focusing.

Radioimmunofixation of human ferritin following isoelectric focusing of serum was developed to study the microheterogeneity of this protein in native serum without previous purification or concentration. This method requires only 2-10 microliter of serum and can be used with levels of ferritin as low as 10 micrograms/l. In this way, the extensive microheterogeneity of this protein was revealed, since in some cases it produced as many as 35 bands with isoelectric points in a pH range of 4.95-5.9. Very different isoelectric focusing patterns (spectrotypes) of ferritin were observed during the investigation of pathological sera. The high sensitivity of this technique makes it useful for the investigation of serum ferritin in diseases involving modifications of the metabolism of this protein.

Ferritins↗
PubMed1988

Arm fat and muscle areas in infancy.

Growth of arm muscle, fat and water areas were evaluated longitudinally in a prospective study in 81 infants from birth to the age of 12 months. The percentage of arm fat area v the cross sectional upper arm area increased at the age of 15 days with a peak peak at the age of 6 months while arm muscle area increased progressively throughout the year. As arm water area represented only 1% of cross sectional upper arm area, calculations of arm fat and muscle areas can be carried out from measurements of mid arm circumference and tricipital skinfold at 15 seconds. Percentiles are presented for the upper arm fat and muscle areas, which can be used as index for the infants' nutritional state.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

Assessment of proportional growth of very low birth weight infants fed banked human milk.

Twenty appropriate (mean +/- S.D., gestational age (AGA): 29.9 +/- 1.5 weeks) and 15 small (GA: 34.6 +/- 2.4 weeks) for gestational age (SGA) very low birth weight infants fed banked mature human milk were studied until term for anthropometric parameters: midarm (MAC), chest (CC), head (HC) circumferences, triceps (TSKF) and subscapular (SSKF) skinfold thickness recorded at 15 and 60 s, dynamic skinfold (delta % SKF), muscle (AMA) and fat (AFA) areas, weight and length. In AGA infants, all the parameters at term were significantly lower in extrauterine (EUL) that in intrauterine life (IUL). At term the relative proportion of AFA to total arm area was increased in EUL compared to IUL both in AGA (25.87 +/- 3.8 vs. 23.26 +/- 1.27% respectively, P less than 0.01) and in SGA infants (21.89 +/- 4.63 vs. 18.81 +/- 3.9 respectively, P less than 0.05). SGA infants showed a similar growth in EUL compared to IUL, and a significantly lower AMA and AFA than in AGA infants in EUL. Although HC was in both infants below the 10th centile at term, the ratio weight/HC2 suggests a relative preservation of head growth in EUL compared to IUL (AGA: 20.72 less than 0.87 vs. 22.65 +/- 1.46 respectively, P less than 0.001; SGA; 20.82 +/- 1.16 vs. 21.62 +/- 1.86 respectively, NS). Delta %SKF were negatively correlated with post-conceptional age suggesting a loss of extracellular water in AGA (delta %TSKF: r = -0.287, P less than 0.02) and in SGA infants (delta %TSKF: r = -0.301, P less than 0.02; delta %SSKF: r = -0.316, P less than 0.02). An intrauterine model of discrimination between AGA and SGA infants does not apply to EUL. An equation was established in SGA infants with the best discriminant parameters giving a predictive post-conceptional age: post-conceptual age (PCA) (weeks) = 0.276 HC (cm) + 0.723 CC (cm) - 0.122 MAC (cm) + 0.5 TSKF (mm) + 10.173, (r = 0.867, P less than 0.001) allowing a clear discrimination between AGA and SGA infants. These results suggest that infants show quite different growth patterns between IUL and EUL both for AGA and SGA infants.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1986

Effects of prematurity and dysmaturity on growth at age 5 years.

Forty-two term and 106 preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and 43 term and 31 preterm small for gestational age (SGA) children were observed from birth to age 5 years. Parents' weight and height were also measured in 193 subjects including 97 couples. The percentage of short children was higher in SGA (17%) than in AGA (3.4%) children (P less than 0.01). This difference was significant in the preterm but not in the term children, suggesting that early failure of growth in utero can result in reduced growth in children. The findings were similar for weight and head circumference, but microcephaly was more frequent in term SGA (30%) than in preterm SGA (6.4%) children (P less than 0.05), suggesting that late impaired growth in utero can result in poor growth of the head. Height at the age of 5 years correlated with the parents' height only in AGA children, and with length at birth in SGA children. Weight of the 5-year-old children correlated with the mother's weight only in AGA children. Multivariate analysis in 66 couples and their children confirmed a greater tendency toward the influence of parental factors in AGA children and a more significant relationship with perinatal factors in SGA children.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1986

[Tissue and blood ferritins and isoferritins].

Ferritins which can store excess iron are localised principally in tissue. Ferritins have on apoprotein shell which is composed of 24 sub-units, from 2 types of sub-units: "H" (molecular weight about 21 000) and "L" (molecular weight about 19 000) that assemble in different proportions and give multiple forms. Protein pattern depends on tissue nature. Since 1972, radio-immunology assays have shown very low serum ferritin levels. There is a good correlation between these levels and the amount of storage iron in the body. However it was demonstrated that elevation of serum ferritin could also occur without iron metabolism trouble by various mechanisms.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1985

Anthropometric assessment of nutritional status in newborn infants. Discriminative value of mid arm circumference and of skinfold thickness.

74 appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) and 22 small-for-gestational age (SGA) caucasian infants were studied for anthropometric parameters: mid arm circumference (MAC), triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness (TSKF and SSKF) recorded at 15 and 60 s, chest circumference (cc), head circumference, birth weight and length. MAC is highly correlated with birth weight either in AGA (r = 0.936; P less than 0.001) or in SGA infants (r = 0.860; P less than 0.001). MAC is also correlated with gestational age in AGA (r = 0.850; P less than 0.001) and SGA infants (r = 0.76; P less than 0.001). Similar correlations were found between TSKF, SSKF and birth weight or gestational age. Arm muscle and fat areas are also positively correlated with birth weight and gestational age, in AGA and SGA infants. A multiple regression analysis of our data allowed a classification of the best discriminant anthropometric parameters between AGA and SGA infants. MAC, SSKF15, SSKF60 and chest circumference were selected. An equation was established in AGA infants with these four parameters giving a predictive gestational age: gestational age (weeks) = 1.216 MAC (cm)-3.588 SSKF15 (mm) + 0.263 CC (cm) + 17.9. The ratio of predicted gestational age to the real gestational age was 1.0 +/- 0.044 in AGA versus 0.896 +/- 0.034 in SGA infants. Our data suggest that MAC and SSKF provide a simple measure of body composition of neonates and a useful tool for determining the degree of maturity of a newborn independent of birth weight.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1983

[Fibrotic interstitial pneumopathies. Collagenolytic activity of the alveolar fluid].

Collagenolytic enzyme release in alveolar structures is probably one of the initial events leading to impaired balance between collagen synthesis and degradation in the connective matrix of the lung, resulting in pulmonary fibrosis. The collagenolytic activity was determined in the bronchoalveolar fluid of 40 normal subjects or patients with miscellaneous pulmonary diseases and was found to be present in seventeen, viz.: 7/7 patients with interstitial fibrosis, irrespective of its origin: 4/4 patients with radiation pneumonitis; 4/15 patients with sarcoidosis and 2/2 patients with transient eosinophilic pneumopathy. There was no evidence of fibrosis in the 23 patients who showed no collagenolytic activity. Thus, collagenolytic enzymes are present in the alveolar structures of patients with interstitial pulmonary diseases of diverse origin capable of leading to fibrosis. Monitoring the release of this enzyme by bronchoalveolar lavage could be useful to evaluate the risk of fibrosis in such patients.

Collagen↗