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Y Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kondo.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Antiemetic effects of MS-5080 associated with cisplatin chemotherapy--an attempt in assessment based on the sample score system using multivariate analysis].

Effect of a new antiemetic drug, MS-5080 was evaluated against nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy including cisplatin. Fifty patients with various urological malignancies were registered into this study, which were distributed to the aliquot number with a respective dose schedule of 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/kg body weight of MS-5080. Forty-seven patients with a total of 73 chemotherapeutic courses were eligible for evaluation of antiemetic efficacy, whereas the side effect of MS-5080 were evaluated in 48 patients with a total of 74 courses. Antiemetic efficacy was evaluated in terms of duration of nausea, duration of vomiting, duration of food intolerance, and the number of vomiting episodes. No statistically significant difference was observed in relation to the dose dependency of MS-5080. In assessment of the side effects, a relatively high incidence of diarrhea was observed compared to the other known antiemetic drugs. In the present study, we attempted an evaluation based on the sample score system using multivariate analysis. The results were correlated well with results of a grading system of efficacy that were determined by each physician who treated the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A population survey on mass screening program for gastric cancer. Part 2. Why don't they receive mass screening examination?].

The attitude of non-examined residents to a mass screening program for gastric cancer has been surveyed by a self-administered questionnaire among 3660 residents in a small town near Kitakyushu City. Among 1159 subjects who had not received any type of examination during the past 3 years, the answers of 638 subjects who completed the questionnaire were analyzed in this study. Reasons for not being examined were classified into 4 types; "unnecessary", "rejected", "inconvenient" and "others". The most frequent reason for not taking part in the screening program was "inconvenient" which means that there were some difficulties for them to participate in the program even if they wanted to. This reason was followed by "unnecessary" and "rejected". "Inconvenient" was the main reason for not being examined among people in their forties and fifties and/or among those who have jobs. Among elderly people, "unnecessary" had the highest frequency. "Rejected" was the least important reason in all age groups. In each age group "rejected" was found more frequently among females than males. As the type of reason for not being examined was different among groups, it is essential to work out different countermeasures for each group in order to raise the participating rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A population survey on a mass screening program for gastric cancer. 1. Population characteristics related to examination rates for the screening program].

The types of examination received for gastric cancer during the past 3 years have been surveyed by a self-administered questionnaire among residents of a small town near Kitakyushu City. Among 3660 surveyed, 2205 subjects who completed the questionnaire are analyzed in this study. Examination rates of mass screening for males were higher than those for females. Males in their forties and fifties and females in their forties through sixties have higher examination rates than other age groups. Higher examination rates were seen in public officials and employees who have opportunities to receive the screening program at work site. On the other hand, among people without a job and housewives who have opportunities to receive a screening program offered only by the town hall, examination rates of the mass screening program were low. More people with a family history of cancer death were examined than those without a similar family history. There was no difference in the examination rates by the mass screening program between the people who took care of their health and those who did not. In order to raise examination rates for the mass screening program, it is essential to improve the systems of this program which can be easily accepted, and to educate residents in order to stimulate motivation for screening.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Lack of direct action of alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide on the in vitro perfused segments of Henle's loop isolated from rabbit kidney.

We examined direct effects of alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (alpha-hANP) on water and NaCl transport across the segments of Henle's loop by the in vitro microperfusion technique. In the medullary and the cortical thick ascending limb, 10(-6) M alpha-hANP did not affect the transmural voltage (Vt) and the lumen to bath 36Cl flux whether it was added to the perfusate or to the bath. In the thin ascending limb, 10(-6) M alpha-hANP did not affect the lumen to bath 36Cl flux. The peptide may not affect permselectivity of the thin ascending limb, since it did not influence the diffusion potential generated in the presence of a NaCl gradient. In the descending limb, 10(-6) M alpha-hANP did not affect osmotic water permeability, whether it was added to the perfusate or to the bathing fluid. From these observations, we conclude that alpha-hANP does not show direct effects on water and NaCl transport in the segments of Henle's loop at least under our experimental conditions. Therefore, natriuresis by alpha-hANP may be caused either by an action on nephron segments other than Henle's loop or by an action on renal vasculatures.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Correlations of pedometer readings with energy expenditure in workers during free-living daily activities.

In a total of 23 subjects consisting of 10 clerical and 13 assembly workers in a factory, the pedometer readings during a day of free-living activity were analyzed for the relation with energy expenditure as determined by the simultaneously recorded 24-hour heart rate. The 24-hour energy expenditures in the clerical and assembly workers were 9515 kJ (2274 kcal) and 9698 kJ (2318 kcal) respectively. The whole day readings of the pedometer for all the subjects moderately correlated (r = 0.438, p less than 0.05) with the net energy cost (NEC) as determined by subtracting the sleeping metabolic cost from the energy expenditure (clerical workers: r = 0.781, p less than 0.01; assembly workers: r = 0.188, p less than 0.05). The correlation analysis of the pedometer readings with the NEC in three activity phases in a day (work, commuting and staying at home), showed that the extent of the relationship differed by job types and activity phases. The best correlation was obtained during commuting in both of the job types (clerical workers: r = 0.843, p less than 0.01; assembly workers: r = 0.743, p less than 0.01). During work, a quite strong correlation (r = 0.889, p less than 0.01) was obtained with the clerical workers but not with the assembly workers. No significant correlations were found in the data while the subjects were at home. The capacity of the pedometer to detect the impacts of body movements, and the characteristics of activity, are responsible for the differences in correlation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A scanning electron microscopic study of crescentic Masugi nephritis in the rabbit.

Crescentic glomerulonephritis was induced in the rabbit with two intravenous injections of goat nephrotoxic serum (NTS). Prominent proliferative glomerulonephritis, characterized by intracapillary as well as extracapillary emigration of monocytes and fibrin deposition, developed 7 days after the first injection. The changes rapidly progressed to crescent formation. In order to observe alterations of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) related to crescent formation, unfixed, isolated glomeruli were treated with Triton X-100. The GBM thus denuded was shown to have a number of microperforations, which subsequently became much larger holes or fissures. It is suggested that monocytes and fibrin deposits may play a role in the induction of the GBM change.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Recovery of lordotic activity by dorsal deafferentation of the preoptic area in male and androgenized female rats.

Lordotic activity was examined in male and neonatally androgenized female rats following dorsal deafferentation of the preoptic area (POA). Female pups were injected with various doses (100, 250, 500, or 1000 micrograms) of testosterone propionate (TP) on day 3 postpartum. Ten weeks after birth, all animals were castrated, then half of the castrated males and females in each group were subjected to dorsal deafferentation of the POA (anterior roof deafferentation: ARD) by using an L-shaped Halász knife in order to transect the dorsal forebrain efferents which are thought to exert an inhibitory influence on the lordosis mediating mechanism. Animals were implanted subcutaneously with Silastic tubes containing estradiol-17 beta (E2). Observations of lordosis behavior were carried out 5, 10, and 15 days after implantation of E2. Three to six hours before each behavioral test, all rats were injected with 0.5 mg progesterone. Regardless of the dose of TP given neonatally, androgenized females, as well as males, showed low levels of lordotic behavior. In contrast, males with ARD and androgenized females with ARD displayed lordosis more frequently than males without ARD, and androgenized females without ARD. Lordotic activity in the androgenized females with ARD was negatively correlated with the dose of TP given neonatally. The ARD females injected with a large dose (1000 micrograms) of TP neonatally were significantly less receptive than those injected with lower doses of TP and ARD males. These results suggest that a large dose of neonatal TP may cause permanent changes in not only the neural substrates for lordosis inhibition affected by ARD but also other structures involved in lordosis facilitation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

In vitro micronucleus method with erythropoietin-differentiated erythrocytes.

A new in vitro micronucleus method has been developed for the detection of chromosomal damage in mouse bone-marrow erythrocytes which are differentiated with erythropoietin (EPO). After the hemolysis of bone-marrow erythrocytes, newly-formed polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) were observed in cultures incubated in the presence of EPO. Using the erythroid differentiation technique, increased frequencies of micronuclei were detected in PCEs after treatment with mitomycin C. In addition, the in vitro micronucleus method was found to be more sensitive than the in vitro chromosomal aberration test on Chinese hamster cells. The results show that the in vitro micronucleus method using EPO-differentiated erythrocytes is a highly sensitive and useful system for the detection of mutagens.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Glomerulonephritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Report of five cases and review of the literature.

We reported five cases of glomerulonephritis developed in the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which had no apparent relation with therapeutic agents. Systemic angiitis was observed in patient 1 and overlapping of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with RA was implied in patient 2, while the other three patients did not show these changes. Renal biopsies were performed in all of the cases and glomerular deposition of immune complexes was suggested by both the immunofluorescent and electron microscopic findings, though the amount was variable. Furthermore, cases of glomerulonephritis in patients with RA were reviewed in the literature and classified into three groups: occurring in association with angiitis, overlapping with SLE or other collagen diseases, and developing without the above two factors. Group 3 was further divided into two subgroups according to immunologic abnormalities. All cases included in the three groups can be regarded as glomerulonephritis of RA. The cases of group 2, however, can more preferentially be considered to be caused by SLE or some other collagen disease that has overlapped with RA. Deposition of immune complexes was suggested in most of the cases examined with immunofluorescence. Various changes were seen in the glomerulonephritis of RA presented here (patients 1, 3, 4, and 5) and reviewed in the literature (groups 1 and 3). Immune complexes might be involved in the pathogenesis of glomerulitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Combined hepatocellular and mucinous carcinoma.

A rare autopsy case of combined liver cell and bile duct carcinoma (CLBC) occurring in a 51-year-old male with alcoholic liver cirrhosis is presented. Histologically, while the primary lesion was solely composed of well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic metastases consisted of a variable admixture of HCC and cholangiocarcinoma (CC) with excessive mucin production. Interestingly, the tumor cell cluster showing a trabecular growth pattern produced both bile and mucin, thus converting from HCC to mucinous CC. It is concluded that this liver malignancy is principally HCC with a marked tendency to transform into CC. The importance of the findings, especially the simultaneous production of bile and mucin within the same cell cluster, is emphasized in terms of the classification of CLBCs.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1986

Pathologic features of small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Twenty-one nodules of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were examined. Histologically, the nodules often presented formation of plump trabeculae, marked nuclear atypism, or aggressive growth comprising capsular invasion, vascular invasion, and replacement of adjacent pseudolobules. Aside from these characteristic findings of HCC, it was important to reveal the following features for the diagnosis of well differentiated type of small HCC: variable thickening or distortion of trabecular structure in association with nuclear crowding, acinar formation, selective cytoplasmic accumulation of Mallory bodies, nuclear abnormalities consisting of thickening of nucleolus, hepatic cords in close contact with bile ducts or blood vessels, and hepatocytes growing in a fibrous environment. During the invasive growth, the tumor cells may well be subtly blended with benign hepatocytes, giving rise to a pattern of "mixed cellularity". It is also emphasized that connective tissue septa of pseudolobules could be a route of rapid tumor spreading.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1986

Inhibition of microtubule assembly by poly(L-glutamic acid) and the site of its action.

Poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGA) suppresses the polymerization of porcine brain microtubule proteins and induces the depolymerization in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. The extent of inhibition increases with increasing molecular weight of the PGA tested. A 50% inhibition of the protein polymerization was observed at a PGA (molecular weight = 60,000) to microtubule protein ratio of 0.04 (w/w), and complete inhibition was obtained at a ratio of 0.07. Such an inhibition on the polymerization by PGA is greatly decreased when Mg2+ is present at a higher concentration. The addition of PGA raises the critical concentration of microtubule proteins necessary for assembly. During incubation with PGA, microtubule proteins retain the ability to assemble, i.e., substoichiometric amounts of taxol considerably relieve the inhibition of assembly by PGA. PGA interacts with microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) preferentially, because the amount of MAPs binding to PGA-Sepharose 4B is much larger than that of tubulin. Tau proteins were observed only in adsorbed fractions, while MAP-2 was present in both unbound and adsorbed fractions.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Production of bone-resorbing activity and colony-stimulating activity in vivo and in vitro by a human squamous cell carcinoma associated with hypercalcemia and leukocytosis.

A squamous cell carcinoma of 33-yr-old patient who developed marked leukocytosis and hypercalcemia was transplanted into nude mice in which more marked leukocytosis and hypercalcemia also developed. This tumor (LJC-1-JCK) produced a colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and formed a cyst in the tumor from which a CSF-producing cell line (T3M-1) was established. The CSF causes predominantly formation of granulocytic colonies in addition to macrophage colonies. Bone-resorbing activity (BRA) was detected in the cystic fluid and was eluted as two separate peaks with proteins of an apparent molecular weight of 30,000-50,000 and 10,000-20,000. Colony-stimulating activity (CSA) was eluted at an apparent 30,000 mol wt. The conditioned medium of the T3M-1 cells also contained a BRA with an apparent 14,000 mol wt, whereas CSA eluted at an apparent 30,000 mol wt. PTH, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha, prostaglandin Es, and vitamin D could not account for the powerful BRA. In contrast to CSA, BRA was not inactivated by trypsin and more stable at 70 degrees C. When T3M-1 cells were transplanted into nude mice, marked hypercalcemia developed in addition to granulocytosis. Our findings suggest that the tumor produces and secretes a powerful BRA in vivo and in vitro, which is different from CSA in terms of molecular weight, heat stability, and trypsin treatment. We speculate that the synergistic action of CSF that stimulates macrophage colony formation and recruits osteoclast precursors, and BRA, which stimulates mononuclear phagocytes and/or osteoclasts were responsible for a marked increase in osteoclastic bone resorption and humoral hypercalcemia in the patient.

Animals↗