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Y Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kondo.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Granulomas of the gut in Crohn's disease. A step sectioning study.

To investigate the distribution of granulomas in Crohn's disease, a step sectioning study of the surgically resected intestines was carried out. This study proved that granulomas in Crohn's disease are found in the seemingly uninvolved intestinal mucosa as well as in the affected mucosa. Granulomas in the apparently involved mucosa were close to the mucosal surface (less than 500 microns) and small (80 to 160 microns across), while in the affected mucosa they were farther away from the mucosal surface (more than 500 microns) and larger (more than 160 microns across). We emphasize that these small granulomas, namely microgranulomas, in the apparently uninvolved intestinal mucosa, are of great value in diagnosing Crohn's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A new model for production of chronic gastric ulcer by duodenogastric reflux in rats.

We have established an experimental model of chronic gastric ulcer, in rats which transection of the lower horizontal portion of the duodenum and anastomosis of the forestomach to the upper part of the jejunum caused regurgitation of all duodenal juice into the stomach. After 3, 6, 12, and 30 wk, all treated rats developed an ulcer in the prepyloric region on the lesser curvature of the stomach. More than half of the antrum was finally involved in the ulcer. Histologic studies revealed chronic ulcers quite similar to human ones. As a control series, transection at the pylorus failed to produce an ulcer. Although many papers have appeared regarding the experimental production of chronic gastric ulcer, most of the studies reported have applied chemicals, drugs, or mechanical injury to the gastric mucosa. Our model produced chronic regurgitation of duodenal juice as a natural phenomenon, and uniformly resulted in ulcer formation. Intragastric total bile acid concentrations were significantly elevated in the reflux group. Serum gastrin levels, the thickness of the fundic mucosa, and the height of fundic gland were also significantly increased. Thus, the detergent action of bile acids and the increased acid secretion were assumed to play an important role in ulcer formation. Further studies using this model are warranted on the pathogenesis of chronic peptic ulceration.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Evidence that estrogen may be a key factor in hyperprolactinemic anovulation: a case report.

Although anovulation associated with hyperprolactinemia is not an uncommon cause of infertility, the precise mechanism of the pathogenic process that induces hyperactivity (hypertrophy with hyperplasia) of pituitary lactotropes is unknown. We have recently experienced a case of anovulation and hyperprolactinemia in a woman with ergot alkaloid intolerance in whom ovulation was restored by tamoxifen citrate administration. Since tamoxifen citrate administration also suppressed prolactin levels, it was suggested that a low but sustained serum level of estradiol and consequently continuous estrogenic stimulation may be an important causative factor in the development of hyperprolactinemic anovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of anion transport inhibitors and ion substitution on Cl- transport in TAL of Henle's loop.

To identify the mechanism of Cl- transport across the thin ascending limb of Henle's loop (TAL), we examined effects of anion transport inhibitors and ionic substitution in the isolated segments of hamsters using the in vitro microperfusion technique. 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS) at 10(-3) M changed the NaCl diffusion voltage (Vt) to the orientation that corresponds to the decrease in the Cl(-)-Na+ permeability ratio when it was added either to the bath or to the lumen. DIDS, added to the bath or to the lumen decreased the lumen-to-bath flux coefficient for 36Cl, KCl-(1----b) (X10(-7) cm2/s), from 74.5 +/- 2.1 to 17.9 +/- 3.6 and from 77.7 +/- 3.6 to 51.1 +/- 5.4, respectively, whereas it had little effect on the flux coefficient for 22Na, KNa+(1----b). Elimination of HCO3- slightly increased rather than decreased both NaCl diffusion potential and KCl-(1----b), indicating that Cl- transport is independent of HCO3- transport. Phloretin at 10(-3) M inhibited both diffusion potential and KCl-(1----b) to a similar extent as DIDS did. KNa+(1----b) was also changed little. The inhibitory effect of phloretin was rapid and reversible. Phloridzin was ineffective. Furosemide added to the bath at 10(-3) M decreased Vt and KCl-(1----b) from 29 +/- 0.9 to 5.3 +/- 0.7 mV and from 75.7 +/- 3.9 to 62.8 +/- 4.1 X 10(-7) cm2/s, respectively; but it was ineffective when added to the lumen. Elimination of Na+ caused only a small decrease in KCl-(1----b) from 119.2 +/- 6.9 to 107.3 +/- 8.5 X 10(-7) cm2/s. Elimination of K+ and addition of Ba2+ did not change KCl-(1----b). From these observations, we conclude that Cl- transport across the TAL is distinct from Na+ and is not coupled with Na+, K+, or HCO3-.

4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid↗
PubMed1987

Effect of pH on Cl- transport in TAL of Henle's loop.

To further characterize the mechanism of Cl- transport across the hamster thin ascending limb (TAL) of Henle's loop, we examined effects of pH on Cl- permeability as determined by either the choline chloride diffusion voltage or the lumen-to-bath 36Cl flux in the isolated segments perfused in vitro. When pH of the bathing fluid or the perfusate was reduced from 7.4 to 5.8, the Cl(-)-Na+ permeability ratio (PCl/PNa) was reduced from 2.77 +/- 0.21 to 0.48 +/- 0.02 (n = 7, P less than 0.01) or from 2.55 +/- 0.15 to 0.81 +/- 0.11 (n = 6, P less than 0.01), respectively. At 37 degrees C, when the pH of the bathing fluid was reduced from 7.4 to 6.2, the lumen-to-bath flux coefficient for 36Cl (X10(-7) cm2/s) was reduced from 84.8 +/- 7.5 to 20.4 +/- 3.2 (n = 7, P less than 0.01), whereas the value for 22Na was unchanged (27.3 +/- 2.9 vs. 25.3 +/- 2.5, n = 5). From the pH titration curves for PCl/PNa, pKa values for proton binding were 6.31 and 5.78, and Hill's coefficients were 2.1 and 2.3 on the basolateral side and on the luminal side, respectively. Alkalinization had little or no effect on the Cl- permeability. At room temperature, the acid pH did not affect the Cl- permeability. Intracellular acidification with o-nitrophenylacetate also decreased the Cl- permeability.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Algorithms↗
PubMed1987

[Effects of clonidine on the levels of cyclic nucleotides in rat brain regions: the change in cyclic nucleotides after clonidine alone or in combination with alpha-antagonists].

The following 4 Wistar rat groups were sacrificed by microwave irradiation after measuring blood pressure and heart rate: 1) saline control (1 ml/kg, i.v.), 2) clonidine alone (50 micrograms/kg, i.v.). 3) prazosin pretreated (0.1 mg/kg, i.v.), 4) yohimbine pretreated (1 mg/kg, i.v.). Cyclic nucleotides were analyzed in seven brain regions. Clonidine decreased blood pressure and heart rate 20 min after administration. These effects of clonidine were inhibited by yohimbine. Clonidine increased the levels of cyclic AMP in the medulla oblongata (including pons) and hypothalamus. Prazosin attenuated the cyclic AMP-increasing action of clonidine in the cerebellum. Yohimbine inhibited this action of clonidine in the cerebellum, striatum and hippocampus. Clonidine reduced cyclic GMP levels in the hypothalamus and striatum. Prazosin potentiated the cyclic GMP-reducing action of clonidine in the medulla oblongata. Yohimbine attenuated this action of clonidine in the medulla oblongata and hypothalamus. From these results, it is concluded that clonidine changes the levels of cyclic nucleotides in brain regions, especially in the part of the autonomic nervous center. In addition, it is indicated that alpha 1- or alpha 2-adrenoceptor plays a different role in the regulation of brain cyclic nucleotides, region by region.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Morphological study of the genesis and development of gastric intestinal metaplasia].

We stained 77 resected stomachs with Alcianblue and studied the distribution and the morphological features of intestinal metaplasia by macroscopic and stereoscopic observation using a clinical point drying method. And we made complete serial sections of minute metaplastic foci to study the reason why intestinal metaplasia show different features in particular areas of the stomach. The results are: Intestinal metaplasia exists both in pyloric gland area and intermediate zone in 92.2% of all cases (71/77). In intermediate zone, almost all metaplastic foci consist of complete type of intestinal metaplasia and in contrast incomplete type of it is more prevalent in pyloric gland area. The ratio of the 2 histological types in each area is not different in cases which metaplastic foci are sparse and in cases which they are extensive. Metaplastic foci are usually elevated in pyloric gland area and depressed in intermediate zone. By serial sections, many goblet cell metaplasias are observed at the flat portions of the mucosa in pyloric gland area. In intermediate zone, all minute metaplastic foci are observed at the bottoms of the grooves of the mucosa.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[A case of large diverticular stone of the anterior urethra].

A case of large diverticular stone of anterior urethra is reported. A 70-year-old man was admitted for dysuria, miction pain and hard mass beneath the scrotal skin. Retrograde urethrogram revealed a large stone in anterior urethral diverticulum and extravasation of contrast medium through the fistula from diverticulum. Open resection of diverticulum was performed and the stone was removed. Three months after the operation, the urethrogram showed no abnormal findings. The stone was 40 x 19 x 17 mm in size, weighed 16 g and was mainly composed of calcium phosphate.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Amyloidosis complicating idiopathic myelofibrosis.

Three cases of amyloidosis occurring in the later course of idiopathic myelofibrosis were studied at autopsy. In these cases, the amyloid deposition was seen only in the renal glomerulus, which had caused proteinuria. Although their exact nature could not be determined by immunohistochemistry, the amyloid deposits in the three cases were permanganate resistant and exhibited the same organ distribution, indicating a similarity in their character. These cases suggest that amyloidosis might be a complication of idiopathic myelofibrosis, implying that idiopathic myelofibrosis could be a disorder underlying amyloidosis.

Aged↗