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Biomedical subjects

Y Inaba

Publications and source records attributed to Y Inaba.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Risk factors for mortality and mortality rate of sumo wrestlers].

We compared the mortality rate of sumo wrestlers with that of the contemporaneous Japanese male population, and inferred the usefulness of an index for predicting longevity in sumo wrestlers. The standardized mortality ratios (SMR) for sumo wrestlers were very high in each period, and also high for ages from 35 to 74. Cox's proportional hazards model analysis revealed that the variables in "nyuumaku" entry year and BMI were statistically significant (p < 0.05) factors in mortality. In the survival curves, the lower BMI group had good life expectancy compared with the higher BMI group. In conclusion, the higher rate of mortality in sumo wrestlers seems to be due to the markedly higher rate of mortality from 35 to 74 years old. In sumo wrestlers, also, this study provides evidence that the higher overweight groups have substantially higher risks for mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effect of enzymes on the growth of human and animal rotaviruses.

The growth of group A human, bovine, equine and porcine rotaviruses were enhanced by pretreatment of virus with pancreatin, trypsin, protease, alkaline phosphatase or pepsin and incorporation of these enzymes in maintenance medium. In contrast, alpha-amylase or lipase inhibited the growth of equine and porcine rotaviruses. The other enzymes, adenosine deaminase, lactase, lysozyme, ribonuclease or triose-phosphate isomerase gave little or no change in the growth of all four rotaviruses.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1995

Experimental infection of pigs with a parvovirus isolated from the diarrheic feces of a pig.

A parvovirus (the H-45 strain) isolated from an outbreak of epizootic diarrhea in swine was examined to observe the infectivity and pathogenecity in swine. The virus infection by intranasal route was demonstrated in each group of 2- and 5-day-old colostrum-deprived pigs, 30- and 100-day-old pigs by virus recovery from the nasal and rectal swabs, and detecting seroconversion. The virus was recovered from rectal swabs up to 14 days after inoculation and from nasal swabs up to 9 days. Uninoculated pigs were infected with the virus by contacting with the inoculated pigs. Between 1 and 5 days after inoculation, the inoculated pigs of 2, 5 and 30 days old developed diarrhea and then all the pigs of 2 days old died, resulting from dehydration. In the pigs died after intranasal inoculation, the virus was recovered mainly from the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. One hundred-day-old pigs showed no clinical signs. The pathological change was characterised by congestion and edema with hemorrhage in the epithelium of the small intestines exhibiting additional degeneration and desquamation of the epithelial cells.

Aging↗
PubMed1995

Toxicity study of europium chloride in rats.

EuCl3.6H2O was administered by gavage for 28 consecutive days to groups of 10 male and 10 female rats (Slc:Wistar strain) at doses of 0, 40, 200, or 1000 mg/kg/day. Additional groups of male and female rats receiving the 0 and 1000 mg/kg doses were used to assess recovery after 14 days subsequent to cessation of compound administration. Body weights and food consumption were measured, and hematological, clinical biochemistry, and histopathological examination were performed. The concentrations of europium (Eu) and of essential elements in organs were determined by ICP-MS or ICP-AES. In the rats of each sex dosed at 200 and 1000 mg/kg, the body weight gain significantly decreased because of reduction in food consumption. Hyperkeratosis of the forestomach and eosinocyte infiltration of the stomach submucosa were found in both sexes receiving the 1000 mg/kg dose group, suggesting an irritation effect by EuCl3.6H2O. The Eu levels increased dose dependently in the liver, kidneys, spleen, and femurs, and the accumulated volume of Eu in these organs was estimated to be about 1/100,000 of the total dosed amount. The administration of EuCl3.6H2O increased the serum iron concentration in males and the serum total iron binding capacity in each sex and decreased cholinesterase activity in females in the 1000 mg/kg dosed group. Iron concentrations in the spleen and strontium concentrations in the femurs of rats of both sexes dosed at 1000 mg/kg were significantly decreased. We concluded that the no-observed-effect level is 200 mg/kg/day. Our investigation demonstrated that elemental analyses of organs is a useful approach to toxicological study.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Proliferative cystitis forming tumorous lesion: a case report].

A 66-year-old woman was admitted with asymptomatic macrohematuria. Cystoscopy revealed bladder tumor with a diameter of about 1.5 cm and smooth surface. Transurethral resection was performed and histological examination showed proliferative cystitis, mainly consisting of cystitis glandularis. Proliferative cystitis is not so rare, but tumorous formation of it seems to be unusual.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Health locus of control and acquisition of health-related information].

Relationships between acquisition of health-related information and Health Locus of Control (HLC) were investigated in 204 women aged 29-45 years, using Horige's Japanese version of Health Locus of Control (JHLC) Scales. The acquisition behavior of health-related information was obtained from the question "How often do you get health-related information by newspaper, television or magazine?" The results were as follows: 1) Women who perceived the information related directly to their personal health, acquired health-related information more often than those who did not perceive personal application of the information. 2) The technical school or junior college graduate group had the most health-related information acquisition scores. 3) The university graduate group had fewer Chance HLC beliefs and Supernatural HLC beliefs. 4) Family HLC mean scores were significantly higher in the "high family value" group than in the "high health value" group. 5) Internal HLC mean scores were significantly higher in those self-rated as "very healthy" than in those self-rated as "healthy" group. 6) Women acquiring health-related information the most had Internal HLC mean scores significantly higher than the others. Health-related information acquisition scores correlated significantly with Internal HLC mean scores and Family HLC mean scores.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Treatment of middle and lower ureteral stones with ESWL: evaluation of the results of 190 solitary stones in comparison with those of upper ureteral stones].

We analyzed the results of treatment with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) (Dornier HM-3) for middle and lower ureteral solitary stones from April 1986 to March 1993 in our hospital. A total of 238 sessions of ESWL were done for 71 cases of middle ureteral stones and 119 cases of lower ureteral stones. The findings were compared with those obtained on the upper ureteral solitary stones. The final stone-free rate of the upper ureteral stones by ESWL alone were 91.9%, whereas those of middle and lower ureteral stones were 86.2% and 85.2%. We conclude that ESWL is equally useful for middle and lower ureteral stones to upper ureteral stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Continuous intra-arterial infusion therapy via the occiptial artery for head and neck tumors: second choice treatment].

We report three cases in which continuous intra-arterial infusion therapy via the occipital artery was combined with radiotherapy for head and neck tumors. An angiographic catheter was inserted into the feeding artery of the tumor retrogradely via the occipital artery under fluoroscopic guidance. Patients treated were maxillary sinus cancer, tongue cancer and hemangiosarcoma. No complications occurred due to this procedure in any of the three patients. This procedure was considered very useful when the approach from the superficial temporal artery was not possible due to prior treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Evolution and resistance expression of MRSA. Evaluation of beta-lactam antibiotics against a set of isogenic strains with different types of phenotypic expression.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has two mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics; one is mediated by mecA gene expression, and the other by penicillinase production. It has been generally accepted in the clinical field that beta-lactam antibiotics are not the drugs of choice for MRSA infection. In this report, however, ampicillin and penicillin G were shown to have relatively good activity against MRSA if combined with a beta-lactamase inhibitor, sulbactam. These beta-lactam antibiotics were found to have relatively high binding affinities to PBP2', the mecA-encoded MRSA-specific penicillin-binding protein. The possible therapeutic application of sulbactam/ampicillin against MRSA infection in combination with arbekacin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic newly developed and introduced into clinical use in Japan, is discussed.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1994

Serum pepsinogen as a new marker for gastric carcinoma among young adults. Research Group on Prevention of Gastric Carcinoma among Young Adults.

BACKGROUND: Gastric carcinoma is relatively uncommon in Japan among persons younger than 40 years of age, but its prognosis is not favorable and it affects young adults in their most productive years. This study was performed to evaluate the validity of serum pepsinogen as a new marker for gastric carcinoma among Japanese younger than 40 years of age. METHODS: Data and sera were collected from the patients (108 patients younger than 40 years of age with gastric carcinoma from nine hospitals in the Kanto-Shin'etsu area in Japan) and from the control subjects (108 hospital control subjects and 108 screening control subjects) whose sex and age (within 4 years) were matched. Pepsinogen I and pepsinogen II values were measured and compared between patients and control subjects by paired t test. Sensitivities and specificities when criteria were defined by pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, and pepsinogen I/II ratio were calculated. RESULTS: The pepsinogen I and pepsinogen II levels among patients were higher and the pepsinogen I/II ratio among patients was lower than among control subjects. When a pepsinogen II level higher than 14.8 ng/ml was considered positive, the test showed high sensitivity (83.3% for total gastric carcinoma and 85.0% for early gastric carcinoma) and high specificity (76.9% for hospital control subjects and 75.0% for screening control subjects). Similar degrees of sensitivity and specificity were obtained with the pepsinogen I/II ratio. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a high pepsinogen II level combined with a low pepsinogen I/II ratio may be a useful screening test for gastric carcinoma in a young population at high risk for gastric carcinoma. This impression should be confirmed by a more extensive field trial to determine whether performance of these assays promotes early diagnosis of gastric carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for liver metastases from breast cancer.

Between 1985 and 1992, 56 patients with unresectable liver metastases from breast cancer were treated by repeated hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy employing an implantable port system. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) at 330 mg/m2 per week. Adriamycin (ADR) at 20 mg/m2 every 4 weeks, and mitomycin C (MMC) at 2.7 mg/m2 every 2 weeks were given to 42 patients. The remaining 14 patients received 5-FU at 330 mg/m2 per week and epirubicin (EPIR) at 20 mg/m2 every 2 weeks. As a rule, the treatment was performed on an outpatient basis. The side effects and complications observed included myelosuppression (41%), hepatic arterial occlusion (23%), and gastric mucositis (20%), but no major toxicity was encountered. The response rate (CR+PR) of the evaluated patients as determined from CT scans was 81%. The overall median survival period was 12.5 months. Only 14% of the patients died due to regrowth of liver metastases, and in 70% of the total cases, death due to liver metastases was avoided by this treatment. Thus, repeated hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for liver metastases from breast cancer might be capable of prolonging the survival of patients via avoidance of death due to the liver metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Comparative study of methods for determining lanthanide elements in biological materials by using NAA, HPLC postcolumn reaction, and ICP-MS.

Mice were injected intravenously with one of the following elements: Y, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, or Yb, at a dose of 25 mg/kg body wt. After 20 h, the various organs were taken out, and the element concentrations were determined by NAA, HPLC postcolumn reaction, or ICP-MS. The results by these three methods were within the acceptable range. About 85% of the amount administered of each element was found in liver, lung, and spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Treatment of ureteral stones by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: with ureteral catheter or in situ?

Many authors recommend that stone manipulation or catheter placement be attempted before SWL of ureteral stones. We tried to insert ureteral catheters before SWL on the unmodified Dornier HM3 machine in all patients treated for solitary ureteral stones between April 1986 and December 1991, succeeding in 77.5% (n = 395) of those for whom adequate follow-up is available for analysis. The stone-free rates with SWL alone in the series of 510 patients were 93% in patients with catheters and 75% in patients without catheters. An additional 6% of the patients in both groups became stone free with the aid of ureteroscopy. Eventually, only 0.5% of the patients with a catheter and 1.7% of the patients without a catheter had residual fragments. Among patients with a ureteral catheter after any procedure, 58.7% had no need for pain relief medication and no fever; the figure in the patients treated without a catheter was 74.4%. Although the success rate of SWL for ureteral stones is higher with a ureteral catheter in place, the incidence of complications also is higher. We recommend trying in situ SWL initially for patients with a ureteral stone.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1994

[Analysis of trace elements in biological materials by microwave induced plasma-mass spectrometry].

Analytical conditions have been established for determination of trace elements in biological materials by microwave induced plasma-mass spectrometry (MIP-MS). Possible elemental contaminants were checked in the water and reagents used, and during the wet-ashing process. Among 72 elements tested, contamination by Na, Mg, K, Ca, Fe, Ba, and Pb were observed. This contamination was estimated to occur mainly during the process of preparing samples due to the water, reagents and surroundings. Contamination by Ca, Mg, Zn and Pb from tubes for storage was also observed. Adequate conditions for multielement analyses in plasma and bone samples were evaluated. Both plasma and bone samples were digested by the wet-ashing technique before applying MIP-MS. The recovery rates of elements added were decreased depending on the contents of plasma or bone samples in the measuring solutions. The interfering effects of matrix modification due to organs were improved by correction with an internal standard. Recovery rates of elements added, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb and fourteen lanthanide elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) were within 100 +/- 5% in analytical samples containing 1% volume of human plasma when Ga or Tl was used as the internal standard. Recoveries of Sn and Zn in the bone samples containing 0.1% bone as the original bone material, however, were 100 +/- 10% even after correction by the internal standard, suggesting the necessity of combined use of standard addition methods. The concentrations of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Mg, and Ca in plasma from two healthy women were determined by MIP-MS. The data were consistent with the values reported elsewhere, and agreed very closely with those obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry. The accuracy of the values obtained by this method was confirmed using standard reference materials. These results indicate that MIP-MS is a useful method for multielement determination of biological materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Replication of virulent and attenuated strains of Aujeszky's disease virus in swine alveolar macrophages.

In vitro and in vivo replication of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) in swine alveolar macrophages (AM) was studied using two virulent strains and a vaccine strain with deletions in the thymidine kinase and gIII genes. In vitro, AM were highly permissive to virulent ADV infection. Virus progeny titers of virulent strains in the cell phase and in the fluid phase were higher than 10(7.3) TCID50/ml at 84 hr post-inoculation (PI). For vaccine strain infection, AM were less permissive, yielding virus titers of 10(2.3) TCID50/ml at 84 hr PI. To study in vivo replication of ADV in AM, virus isolations were made from AM collected at intervals from pigs inoculated intranasally with both the virulent and vaccine strains. Virus was isolated from AM samples collected from all pigs infected with the virulent strain from days 2 to 22 PI. On the contrary, no virus was detected in AM samples collected from pigs infected with the vaccine strain. The results presented suggested that in vivo virulent ADV replicates for a relatively long period in swine alveolar macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Ultrastructural consequence of shock wave exposure on VX2 cancer implanted to the urinary bladder].

In order to clarify the ultrastructural consequence of the VX2 cancer cell exposed to underwater shock waves. The VX2 cancer implanted to the urinary bladder of rabbit was received the shock waves (1000 shots, 100 MPa, 5/sec.) generated by the piezo-ceramics. Damage to the cancer cell were manifested by the three kind of findings: the one was the cell junction failure which caused the isolated cells; the second was the destruction of organelle which seemed to form the vacuole in cytoplasm; and the last finding was the emergence of moth eaten appearance in the exposed cell. We conclude that underwater shock wave exposure induces lethal injury in VX2 implanted cancer.

Animals↗