Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Hishikawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hishikawa.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Appearance of frontal mid-line theta rhythm during sleep and its relation to mental activity.

Fm theta occurred not only during mental tests in the waking state but also during nocturnal sleep in which it was most frequent during REM and secondarily most frequent during stage 1 of NREM sleep. As for the inner experience of the subjects, they frequently reported dream and distinct mentations on awakening from REM sleep whether or not it was accompanied by Fm theta. They reported dream and distinct mentations more frequently when awakened from stage 1 of NREM sleep with Fm theta than when awakened from stage 1 of NREM sleep without Fm theta. Relationship of Fm theta to mental activity during sleep was briefly discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Radiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma: role of high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation.

A total of 119 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus who were seen during a 10-year period were analyzed retrospectively in terms of survival rate and local control rate in relation to treatment method and disease stage. All patients were treated with radiotherapy alone: 43 patients were treated with external irradiation plus high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation (Group 1), 46 with external irradiation only, to 50 Gy or more (Group 2), and 30 with external irradiation to less than 50 Gy (Group 3). All patients of Group 3 died within 8 months (mean 3.5 months) after the initiation of radiotherapy. In Group 1, the 2-year survival rate was 27.9% for the patients in all disease stages and 44.0% for those in Stage 1 and Stage 2 in contrast to Group 2, with a 2-year survival rate of 4.3% for the patients in all stages and 9.1% for those in Stage 1 and 2. The local control rate was 62.8% in Group 1, significantly higher than 19.6% in Group 2. It is concluded that high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation following external irradiation is an effective treatment modality for esophageal carcinoma, especially in a limited stage.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1987

Four congenitally blind children with circadian sleep-wake rhythm disorder.

Four congenitally blind children aged 4-12 years, with severe or moderate mental retardation, were chronobiologically studied. Three of them showed a free-running rhythm of sleep-wake, and the fourth showed an irregular sleep-wake rhythm. To entrain their sleep-wake rhythm to a 24-h rhythm, several trials based on chronotherapy were performed. The free-running rhythms in the three children were considered their own endogenous rhythms, revealed through some disorder in the mechanism synchronizing the endogenous rhythm to the normal 24-h environmental rhythm. The irregular sleep-wake rhythm in the fourth child may have been the result of immaturity or failure of the pacemaker of the circadian rhythm. Because of their severe mental retardation, all the children were lacking in social time cues, which are the most potent "Zeitgebers" for human biological clocks.

Blindness↗
PubMed1986

Therapeutic effects of mazindol on narcolepsy.

Mazindol, a new anorexiant, was administered at a daily dose of 0.5-4 mg to 10 narcoleptic subjects aged 21-63 years. All the patients suffered from sleep attacks and one or more of the REM-related symptoms. Eight patients received only mazindol, and two patients received mazindol simultaneously with clomipramine or flurazepam. Sleep attacks were reduced in nine patients, and cataplexy was also markedly reduced in four patients. Mild adverse reactions were reported in six patients: two patients complained of headache, four of nocturnal sleep disturbance, and two of reduced appetite. Most side effects disappeared spontaneously or after dose reduction, and none of the patients had to stop medication. The results suggest that mazindol is effective not only for sleep attacks but also for cataplexy. It is recommended as a treatment for mild cases of narcolepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Esophageal fistula associated with intracavitary irradiation for esophageal carcinoma.

Fifty-three patients with esophageal carcinoma were treated with high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation following external irradiation. Ten patients developed esophageal fistula. Perforations were found in the bronchus (four), major vessels (four), pericardium (one), and mediastinum (one). The frequency of fistula occurrence in these patients was not remarkably different from that in 30 other patients treated only with greater than or equal to 50 Gy external irradiation. From the time of the development of esophageal fistula, intracavitary irradiation did not seem to accelerate the development of fistula. The fistulas in our ten patients proved to be associated with tumor, deep ulcer (created before intracavitary irradiation), chemotherapy, infection, and trauma rather than the direct effect of intracavitary irradiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Esophageal stricture following high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation for esophageal cancer.

Severe esophageal stricture developed in four of 12 patients who survived for more than 2 years after treatment for esophageal cancer consisting of external irradiation followed by high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation. The strictures were seen between 13 and 21 months after initiation of radiation therapy. The length of the strictures appeared to relate to the length of the tumor before treatment and to the magnitude of the intracavitary dose. One of the four patients was helped by balloon dilatation.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Marked episodic elevation of cerebrospinal fluid pressure during nocturnal sleep in patients with sleep apnea hypersomnia syndrome.

The CSF pressure was measured continuously at the lumbar level during nocturnal sleep in 3 patients with sleep apnea hypersomnia syndrome. Nocturnal sleep was very unstable with frequent episodes of obstructive sleep apnea. When the patients were awake and relaxed in the supine position, their CSF pressure was stable and within the normal range. Episodic marked elevations of CSF pressure occurred frequently during sleep, and each elevation was preceded and accompanied by an episode of sleep apnea or hypopnea. Significant correlations were found between the duration of apneic episodes and increase of CSF pressure, and between decrease of SaO2 or TcPO2 and increase of CSF pressure. The duration of sleep apnea was longer, increase of CSF pressure was greater, and decreases of SaO2 and TcPO2 were more marked during REM sleep than during NREM sleep. It is suggested that the frequent marked episodic elevations of CSF pressure are caused by an increase in the intracranial vascular volume occurring mainly in response to transient hypercapnia and hypoxia, which are induced by pulmonary hypoventilation during the episodes of sleep apnea.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Early esophageal carcinoma treated with intracavitary irradiation.

Five patients with early esophageal carcinoma were treated by 6-12 Gy of intracavitary irradiation following 50-60 Gy of external irradiation as a boost therapy. Surgery was not performed in these cases. None of the patients had local recurrence after radiation therapy, as demonstrated by esophagography and endoscopy. Three patients have been alive for 1-3 years 10 months. Esophageal ulceration induced by intracavitary irradiation has occurred in three of the five patients; however, intracavitary irradiation is still a beneficial treatment because of its efficacy in controlling local lesions and because radiation ulceration can eventually be cured. Intracavitary irradiation is recommended to follow external irradiation as a boost therapy for the treatment of early esophageal carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Potential distribution of vertex sharp wave and saw-toothed wave on the scalp.

Potential distribution of vertex sharp wave characterizing stages 1 and 2 of NREM sleep and saw-toothed wave recorded in REM sleep were studied in 6 healthy young adults. Like the vertex sharp wave, saw-toothed wave appeared in a wide area on the scalp with the maximal amplitude at Cz and its equipotential lines showed concentric circles with their center at Cz, its amplitude decreasing with distance from Cz. The main component of saw-toothed wave was a positive wave with longer duration (about 250 msec) and lower amplitude than vertex sharp wave (about 200 msec in duration), the main component of which was a negative wave.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Three epileptic patients suffering from periods of frequent complex partial seizures and diagnostic criteria for epileptic status.

Presented here are three epileptic patients suffering from periods of frequent complex partial seizures. The importance of the following two points for the diagnosis of epileptic status of complex partial seizure is stressed. The first is the importance of EEG examination for differentiation of such epileptic status from psychogenic attack and absence status. The second is the importance of disturbed consciousness lasting between seizures. Based on EEG and clinical findings in our three patients, it was concluded that two of the three patients suffered from epileptic status of complex partial seizure and that the condition in the remaining one patient could not be judged as epileptic status of complex partial seizure. Detailed clinical and electroencephalographic findings in previously reported seven patients suffering from status epilepticus of complex partial seizure were compared with those of our two patients. The seven cases out of nine patients had epileptiform EEG activities beginning with localized rhythmic activities. All of the nine patients showed marked motor manifestations during the complex partial seizure such as adversive movement and automatic behaviors. Such motor manifestations of complex partial seizure are very useful for confirming the initiation and termination of the seizure. When the frequency of complex partial seizure is markedly increased, it become difficult to detect the initiation and termination of each seizure, and the discontinuous form of status epilepticus of complex partial seizure passes into its continuous form.

Adult↗