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Biomedical subjects

Y Carcassonne

Publications and source records attributed to Y Carcassonne.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Relationship between the levels of cyclic cytidine 3':5'-monophosphate, cyclic guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate, and cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate in urines and leukocytes and the type of human leukemias.

Cyclic cytidine 3':5'-monophosphate (cyclic CMP), cyclic guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP), and cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) contents of leukocytes and urines of leukemic patients have been investigated. We have studied four types of leukemia: acute myeloblastic leukemia; chronic myelocytic leukemia; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. As controls, the cyclic nucleotide content of leukocytes and urines of healthy volunteers and patients with solid tumors selected for their normal hemogram has been determined. It has also been measured in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes. Our data show that: (a) the concentration of cyclic CMP is always lower than that of cyclic GMP or cyclic AMP; (b) in urines, the concentrations of the three nucleotides are higher in patients than in healthy volunteers, the greatest differences being observed between the cyclic CMP concentrations of acute leukemia patients and controls; and (c) in white blood cells, cyclic AMP concentration is lower in leukemic than in normal cells. The cyclic GMP concentration is the same everywhere except in monoblastic cells and leukocytes from solid tumor patients. High cyclic CMP levels are associated only with acute leukemia, whether myeloblastic, monoblastic, or lymphoblastic, a fact which suggests that cyclic CMP could be a biochemical marker of hematopoietic stem cell malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Continuous 5-day vindesine in the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas (author's transl)].

Vindesine is a semisynthetic vinca alkaloïd. The short plasma half-life suggested that continuous infusion can improve the therapeutic results by maintaining a constant plasma level. Twenty one patients (acute lymphoblastic leukemia = 5 cases; blastic crisis of chronic myelocytic leukemia = 6 cases; lymphomas 10 cases) received 5-day Vindesine infusion (0,7 mg/m2/d). All these patients had previously several treatments and were resistant to usual chemotherapies including other vinca alkaloids (76% of cases). Eighteen patients were evaluable for response: 13 (72%) had partial responses or minor regressions. Toxicity was not important. Continuous 5-day infusion of Vindesine might be used widely in patients with blood diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Acquired dyserythropoiesis with abnormal intercellular contacts between erythroblasts. Report of a patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia and hepatocarcinoma.

A case of acquired dyserythropoiesis with inter-erythroblastic connections is reported in a patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia, developing a terminal acute hepatic failure related to hepatocarcinoma. The erythroblastic series was abundant but only made of clusters grouping 10 to 20 closely adherent cells. The cellular membranes showed linear junctions or were interdigitated and the intercellular space was occupied with electron dense ferritin granules. This non specific aspect of dyserythropoiesis may be related to the hepatic carcinoma, which was probably induced by busulfan therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Composite lymphoma. Review of the literature].

The authors report of a case of composite lymphoma, defined by the coexistence of two clearly different types of malignant lymphoma in a single lymph node or splenic site. A review of the literature led to the discovery of 20 cases of this type of lymphoma. The macroscopic and histological lesions are analysed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Adult Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis: report of 12 cases (author's transl)].

Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis is not only a children disease. We observed 12 adult cases since 1971. Clinical presentation usually associates anarchic fever and splenomegaly, with anaemia, leucopenia, increased sedimentation rate and hypergammaglobulinemia. We must think to kala-azar, specially after a stay in an endemic country (mediterranean area), ask for parasites on bone-marrow smears and more often immunological diagnosis. Spontaneously fatal, the disease is easily cured by antimony derivatives.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Non-lymphoblastic acute leukaemia: maintenance therapy by trial of a combination of chemo- and immunotherapy (author's transl)].

A trial of immunotherapy in the maintenance treatment of non-lymphoblastic acute leukaemias led to a comparison of 2 groups of patients in complete remission. Group C (14 patients) received only monthly reinduction chemotherapy. Group C + I (17 patients) received identical chemotherapy together with weekly immunotherapy combining BCG and irradiated leukaemic cells. Whilst the duration of the first remission was unmodified, the overall survival and above all survival after the first recurrence were prolonged in group C + I. These results were all the more marked when a homogeneous patients having received the same induction chemotherapy is considered.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

High-dose methotrexate: preliminary evaluation of a pharmacokinetic approach.

Clinical pharmacologic studies have been carried out in patients with head and neck tumors following 36-h continuous infusions of high-dose MTX (1.5 g/m2). The results indicated considerable variation in the amount of MTX in the blood of individual patients. To control these variations, a modified protocol was set up to try to attain the same MTX blood level in all subjects. The protocol has a pharmacokinetic basis and involves determination of the MTX kinetics in each patient. The information thus obtained allows us to compute a 36-h infusion dose so that the MTX plasma levels never exceed a threshold beyond which there is a risk of toxicity to the host. The computation is validated by taking a blood sample 6 h after the beginning of the infusion. If the MTX concentration is higher than its expected value, the infusion rate can then be immediately reduced. Analytical methods that will allow such a computation, the results of the clinical application of this pharmacokinetic approach, and some implications of such a method are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Ribosome lamella complex in neoplastic cells of a Sézary's syndrome.

The first case of ribosome lamella complex (RLC) is reported in abnormal cells of a Sézary's syndrome, a T cell malignancy. Until now this ultrastructural cytoplasmic inclusion has usually been described in hairy cell leukaemia and other lymphoproliferative syndromes of B cell origin. Since RLC are also observed in abnormal lymphoid T cells, in non lymphoid cells, and moreover in non haematopoietic cells, they lack diagnostic specificity.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Pharmacokinetics of antineoplastic agents (author's transl)].

The general basis of pharmacokinetics are summarized with the clinical aims of a better utilisation of drugs by the application pharmacokinetic data. The subject is illustrated by some antineoplastic agents especially on high dose methotrexate regimens and clinical use of 5 FU. A pharmacokinetic model may be described with the first agent but for 5 FU no specific model has yet been demonstrated. Some examples of studies on adriamycin and cytosine arabinoside are then given.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1979

Determination of 5-fluorouracil in plasma by GC/MS using an internal standard. Applications to pharmacokinetics.

An analytic method, sensitive to 5 ng/ml and specific, has been set up for the determination of unchanged 5-fluorouracil in human plasma, using gas chromatography--mass spectrometry. Its applications to the pharmacokinetic study of unchanged 5-Fluorouracil in man following an intravenous bolus, 8 hours infusion and oral administration confirmed the non-linearity of the kinetic model. (The clearances obtained with an infusion--from 5 to 60 1/min--are 10 to 60 times higher than the ones observed with a bolus--from 0.5 to 1.4 1/min.) The bioavailability of the oral form seems to be about 60 per cent and the absorption appears to be very fast. A attempt to search a mathematical non-linear model of the 5-Fluorouracil kinetics, using computer simulation, is presented.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Clinical pharmacological studies on 5-FU treatment for advanced gastro-intestinal carcinomas.

The authors summarize clinical studies on 5-FU treatment for advanced disseminated colonic, rectal and pancreas cancers. The advantage of pushing intravenous (I.V.) injections slowly to avoid pain and using peristalt pumps for I.V. infusion are pointed out. Since the renal toxicity of 5-FU is minimal, higher doses may be envisaged which could give better results. Studies are in progress to try to determine a model for 5-FU kinetics.

Aged↗