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Biomedical subjects

Y Abe

Publications and source records attributed to Y Abe.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Tumor detection with carbon-11-labelled amino acids.

A comparative study of tumor detection with ten 11C-labeled amino acids including four newly synthesized amino acids was carried out to find the most valuable 11C-labeled amino acid for the diagnosis of cancer. 11C-L-methionine showed the highest uptake by the experimental rat hepatoma AH109A (2.7% administered dose/g at 20 min, tumor to blood ratio; 11.4). The second highest uptake was of 11C-aminocyclopentane-carboxylic acid (ACPC). The newly synthesized 11C-DL-methyl-ACPC characteristically showed higher accumulation in tumor than in liver and the tumor to liver ratio reached 3.0 at 60 min after injection. It is suggested that 11C-L-methionine and 11C-DL-methyl-ACPC are useful amino acids for the diagnosis of cancer using positron emission tomography.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

The effect of blood pressure on inner ear blood flow.

We investigated the effects of blood pressure on the blood flow in the inner ear as compared with other organs in normotensive rats (NR), spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and renal hypertensive rats (RHR). The cardiac output and the regional blood flow were measured by a radioactive microsphere technique in conscious rats. The haemodynamics of the inner ear and other organs and the effects of a converting-enzyme inhibitor (SA-446) on the regional blood flow were compared among NR, SHR, and RHR, the blood pressure being 107, 152, and 185 mm Hg, respectively. With the exception of the heart, the organ blood flow was lower in SHR than in NR in all organs, including the inner ear. It was also lower in RHR than in SHR. The blood pressure dropped after i.v. injection of SA-446, while the regional blood flow increased. The effect was strongest in RHR, followed by SHR and finally NR.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Renal excretion of an angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor (SA-446) in dogs.

The renal excretory mechanism of an orally active inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (SA-446) was examined in anesthetized dogs. Parenteral administration of this compound resulted in production of constant levels of about 2 mg/l in the plasma (PSA) and the urine concentration was 726 +/- 200 mg/l, a level significantly higher than that in the plasma. Renal clearance of SA-446 (CSA) was 2.24 +/- 0.34 ml/g X min and was significantly higher than GFR. The clearance ratio (CSA/GFR) of over 1.0 was indicative of a net tubular secretion. Administration of probenecid resulted in a significant rise in PSA and in a significant decrease in urinary excretion but with no change in the plasma protein binding ratio. CSA decreased significantly from 2.24 +/- 0.34 to 0.71 +/- 0.14 ml/g X min. The inhibitory action of SA-446 (0.02 mg/kg, i.v.) on the pressor response to angiotensin I disappeared at about 50 min, this action being maintained for about 2 h in the probenecid pretreated dog. Since probenecid is a competitive inhibitor of organic anion secretory transport, our results show the net tubular secretion of SA-446, via organic anion transport systems. Prolongation of the action of SA-446, as induced by probenecid may be due to the increase of plasma concentration, by the inhibition of tubular secretion.

3-Mercaptopropionic Acid↗
PubMed1984

Combination of hepatic arterial infusion and systemic chemotherapy for gastric cancer with synchronous hepatic metastases.

Between 1964 and 1981, seventy-two Japanese patients with gastric cancer associated with hepatic metastases, in whom the primary tumor had been resected, were treated in a nonrandomized manner at the Second Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital. Fourteen received hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of 5-FU and Mitomycin C (MMC) combined with systemic chemotherapy, 26 combination systemic chemotherapy of MMC, Futraful and PSK, 18 single drug (MMC) therapy, and 14 no chemotherapy. The average survival was 264 days in HAI combined with systemic chemotherapy, 208 in the combination systemic chemotherapy, 156 in the single drug therapy and 135 in those given no chemotherapy. One year survival and nine month survival rates were 21.4 per cent and 42.9 per cent in HAI combined with systemic chemotherapy, 11.5 per cent and 19.2 per cent in the combination systemic chemotherapy, 5.6 per cent and 11.1 per cent in the single drug therapy and 7.1 per cent and 14.3 per cent in the no chemotherapy group, respectively (HAI vs single drug therapy and no chemotherapy, p less than 0.01). Five of 14 patients treated with HAI combined with systemic chemotherapy showed a partial response (greater than 50 per cent reduction in tumor size), and the average survival time was 335 days, while that of nonresponders was 224 days. Six of 14 patients treated with combination infusion therapy with MMC and 5-FU survived 314 days, as compared to 201 days for patients with infusion of 5-FU alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Seromuscular laceration of the stomach associated with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in the newborn.

Two cases of seromuscular laceration of the stomach associated with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis are reported. The diagnosis and treatment of this lesion is uncertain due to a paucity of clinical experience. The first patient was treated by mucosal resection. Early decompression therapy of the stomach is essential for the neonate with upper gastrointestinal obstruction or stenosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Combined treatment of radiation and local injections of misonidazole.

The radiosensitizing effect of misonidazole is dose dependent, so theoretically it would be desirable to use as large a dose as possible. However, clinical studies have indicated a maximum tolerable dose restricting the effects of misonidazole in patients. We injected misonidazole directly into tumor tissues in combination with irradiation in an attempt to obtain a sufficiently high concentration in tumors while maintaining a low level in the blood. Concentration of the drug in tumor tissues was confirmed to be high by examination of the resected low-grade chondrosarcoma into which the drug had been locally injected prior to the operation. Blood levels were confirmed to be significantly low. Seventeen patients were treated with local injections of the drug, each with radiotherapy. All patients either had advanced tumors, or were in the terminal stage after repeated radiotherapy and chemotherapy. A relatively high radiation dose per fraction was used. Complete response was obtained in eight patients (47%) and partial response in four (24%). No change was observed in three patients (18%) while two (12%) exhibited progressive disease. In the seven patients with multiple metastatic lesions, the response of the tumors treated with this method were compared to that of the tumors treated by radiation alone in the same patient. The sensitizing effect of the drug was clearly observed in three out of seven patients. No toxicities in the nervous system or in the gastrointestinal system were observed, and no local skin damage by the injections was seen. Local injections of misonidazole were shown to have a significant radiosensitizing effect without any side effects. The combined treatment of radiation and local injections of misonidazole is considered to be a promising new treatment method.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical demonstration of tumor antigen TA-4 in gynecologic tumors.

Tumor antigen TA-4, raised against human cervical squamous cell carcinoma, was studied by an immunoperoxidase method in various gynecologic tumors. TA-4 was detected invariably in normal differentiated cervical squamous cells. It was also found infrequently in normal glandular cells of the cervix, but not in the endometrium. In squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix, TA-4 was positive in the differentiated cells regardless of invasiveness or histological type. It was demonstrated in some adenocarcinomas of the cervix, and less frequently in those of the endometrium. In ovarian tumors, TA-4 was localized occasionally in a variable number of glandular tumor cells of serous, mucinous, endometrioid, and clear cell carcinomas. Only a few transitional cells contained TA-4 in a Brenner tumor. Squamous components of ovarian tumors, both benign and malignant, were frequently positive for TA-4.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Immunohistochemical demonstration of peptide hormones in cervical adenocarcinomas with argyrophil cells.

Thirty patients with cervical adenocarcinoma were analyzed clinicopathologically with special reference to argyrophil cells. In contrast to argyrophil small cell carcinoma of the cervix, four adenocarcinomas with argyrophil cells were not more aggressive than the remaining 26 usual ones. One or two peptide hormones were demonstrated in three out of four tumors with argyrophil cells which were examined by immunohistochemistry. Somatostatin- and gastrin-containing cells were found in one tumor, but were located differently from each other. Either gastrin- or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-containing cells were detected in two other tumors. They all corresponded to argyrophil cells, but were less numerous.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Effect of pacemaker sites on contractile forces of the local myocardium and blood flow in the major branches of the left coronary artery in anesthetized open-chest dogs.

Decreased cardiac performance during ventricular tachycardia or ventricular pacing has been ascribed to the lack of synchrony due to altered ventricular contraction. However, the direct effect of the pacemaking site on blood flow in the major coronary arterial branches and on regional contractile forces has not been adequately examined. In this investigation, twelve dogs were used to assess coronary flow in the left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex coronary arteries (LCx) and the regional myocardial function in response to ectopic electrical pacing. The sites were the outflow tract of the right ventricle (RV pacing), the anterior left ventricular wall supplied by the LAD (LAD pacing), and the lateral wall perfused by the LCx (LCx pacing). Strain gauge arches were transmurally fixed to myocardial segments of the anterior and lateral walls of the left ventricle. The mechanical forces generated were measured while simultaneously recording blood flow in the LAD and LCx. RV pacing diminished developed-tension similarly in both areas. LAD flow was further decreased during anterior pacing as was the developed-tension in the LAD supplied area. A similar relationship was observed between LCx flow and developed-tension in the LCx area during lateral pacing. Compared to RV pacing, anterior pacing did not affect LCx flow and local myocardial force in the lateral wall of the left ventricle, and lateral pacing did not cause further changes in LAD flow and anterior myocardial function. The decrements in blood flow were closely related to decreased myocardial function (p less than 0.01). These findings indicate that ventricular pacing decreases ventricular performance with attenuated regional myocardial function at the pacing area, in addition to causing altered ventricular contraction sequence.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Simple technique for measuring regional contractility by a modified strain guage arch.

A simple modification of a commercially available gauge arch, namely the addition of pins to effect mechanical couplings to heart muscle rather than suturing, results in an isometric myocardial force sensor which is easy to insert, stable and relatively atraumatic to the myocardium. Compressing the pins by means of a machinist's vernier caliper which is removed after the sensor is implanted, insures controlled muscle stretch. Tests in open-chest dogs show that force sensed by this gauge is little affected by changes in heart rate, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure or aortic pressure, but faithfully reflects the inotropic effects of isoproterenol or propranolol. Thus, the modified strain gauge arch is sensitive to changes in contractility but not to changes in preload or afterload.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The role of vagal reflex in mechanism of secretagogic action of bromhexine.

The in vivo effect of bromhexine on secretory activities of tracheal submucosal glands was investigated with a histological/histochemical technique with reference to a role of the vagal reflex. When bromhexine was given at 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg into the stomach of anesthetized dogs, the ratio of acinar inner diameter of the submucosal gland to wall thickness (AIWR) markedly increased in a biphasic manner; the early transient increase was seen 0.5 hr after administration, and the second prolonged increased occurred during 2 to 6 hr after administration. The early stimulant phase was almost abolished by atropine, 1 mg/kg i.v., or bilateral cervical vagotomy, whereas the second stimulant phase was not affected by these treatments. Emetine also induced a similar early increase in AIWR at 0.5 hr after administration, the change also being abolished by atropine or surgical vagotomy in this case. The number of submucosal glandular cells which stained blue and purple with a combination of alcian blue at pH 2.5 and periodic acid-Schiff was decreased by bromhexine, but the cell number which stained red was markedly increased. These histochemical changes in glandular cells were not influenced by treatment with atropine or surgical vagotomy. In the present study, it was found that bromhexine exerts both a secretagogic action on submucosal glands and a mucolytic action toward acid glycoproteins inside the cells in vivo. Also, the secretagogic action of bromhexine occurs biphasically; the first phase results from the vagal reflex probably through a gastrointestinal irritation, and the second phase results from a direct action on the glands.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Chromosome analysis in couples with recurrent abortions.

Chromosome analysis using a G-Banding technique was performed in 35 couples (70 individuals) with a history of two or more spontaneous abortions of unknown cause. Among these individuals, 5 (7%) showed balanced translocations, all of whom were female. The outcome of 31 pregnancies of 10 balanced translocation carriers was as follows: Ten of the offspring had normal phenotypes (32%), 5 (16%) were born with chromosomal abnormalities and 16 (52%) were spontaneously aborted.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1984

Syntheses of 18F-labeled pyrimidines and their usefulness for tumor imaging.

18F-Labeled 5-fluorouracil(FUra), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine(FdUrd) and 5-fluorouridine(FUrd) were synthesized with high radiochemical purities. Biodistribution of the 18F-pyrimidines in tumor-bearing rats, mice or a rabbit was examined. Blood clearance of the 18F-pyrimidines was very rapid. The kidney and liver showed the high uptake and rapid clearance which was due to the metabolism and excretion. The 18F-concentration in the tumor was due to the metabolism and excretion. The 18F-concentration in the tumor was also high and clearance was very slow compared with those in other organs. Tumor uptakes of 18F-FdUrd were also shown by positron emission tomography and autoradiography. Biodistributions of the 18F-FdUrd and radio-deoxythymidine(dThd) were different between several organs, but similar distribution patterns in the tumor were observed by autoradiography.

Animals↗