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Biomedical subjects

X Liu

Publications and source records attributed to X Liu.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Clinical observation of conservative surgery for adenomyosis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical value of conservative surgery for adenomyosis in reducing symptoms and raising pregnancy rate. METHODS: 26 women with histologically proven adenomyosis who wanted to preserve their reproductive capacity had conservative surgery (adenomyomectomy or remove part lesion). The patient's average age was 35.8 years. The main complaints were dysmenorrhea and hypermenorrhea. Of the 22 married patients, 7 had primary infertility (31.8%), 10 had secondary infertility (45.5%) and 3 had habitual abortion (13.6%). RESULTS: 10 patients had adenomyoma, the lesion were completely removed. Sixteen patients had adenomyosis, the part of lesion were removed. The rate of the severe dysmenorrhea and hypermenorrhea after operation were significantly lower than that before (P < 0.001). After operation, 7 patients with adenomyoma wanted to have a baby, 5 patients conceived, of the total 9 pregnancies, 5 ended in term pregnancy; 14 patients with diffuse adenomyosis wanted to have a baby, 3 patients had 3 pregnancies. One of which ended in term pregnancy. The rate of pregnancy and term delivery in adenomyoma patients were significantly higher than that of adenomyosis patients (P = 0.03, P = 0.002). Among 26 patients, 3 relapsed. The average relapse time was 49.6 months. CONCLUSIONS: The conservative surgery for adenomyoma can reduce symptom and raise pregnancy rate significantly, it can be accepted by young women who want to preserve their reproductive capacity. Though the pregnancy rate of conservative surgery for diffused adenomyosis was low, it still has therapeutic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Immunologic and clinical study of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis].

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the pathogenic mechanisms of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) in patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). METHODS: The indirect immunoperoxidase method and Western blot analysis were used for detecting anti-Hu antibodies in 16 PLE patients associated with SCLC. Autopsy and pathological study were performed on two cases. RESULTS: Eight patients (50%) had anti-Hu antibodies (anti-Hu+) whereas eight patients (50%) no detectable antineuronal antibodies (anti-Hu-). The clinical and laboratory features of PLE and time to diagnosis of SCLC were similar in the anti-Hu+ and anti-Hu- groups. Involvement of other areas of the nervous system in seven (87.5%) patients of the anti-Hu+ group but in only one (12.5)% of the anti-Hu- group (P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of this characteristic neurological disorder strongly suggested that with an accompanying SCLC, existence of anti-Hu autoantibody was in favour of an autoimmune mechanism participating in PLE.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1998

[Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma: clinical pathological and immunohistochemical study].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity. METHODS: Routine HE staining and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 1% of oral squamous cell carcinoma and was more common in male. It could be found at anysite of oral mucosa. The tumor was composed of basaloid cells and squamous cells. Basaloid cell, the main tumor cell, arranged in sheets and nests. Mitosis and comedoform necrosis was often seen. Adjacent oral epithelium often exhibited dysplasia. The tumor cells were cytokeratin positive, S-100 negative; PCNA index was high; 50% cases were p53 positive. CONCLUSION: Oral basaloid squamous cell carcinoma was a higher grade malignant tumor as compared with usual squamous cell carcinoma and should be paid great attention both in treatment and in pathological diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Langerhans cell histiocytosis of jaws: a clinical pathological and immunohistochemical study].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of chronic localized Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). METHODS: HE staining and histopathological observation, mitotic counting and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: 22 cases of LCH were included in this study. The most prominent histologic feature was nuclear polymorphism of Langerhans cells (LC). Nuclear sulcus was often noted. Intercellular spaces were also obvious. Mitotic figures were commonly seen (the mean mitotic index was 7.1 under 10 high magnification fields). The mean PCNA index of LC was 14.5%. Other histiocytes and multinuclear cells were CD68 and cathepsin D positive. CONCLUSION: The nuclear polymorphism of LC is of diagnostic value for LCH, LC in the lesions is hyperplastic and neoplastic in nature rather than simple accumulation and the S-100 positive LC are immature precursors of Langerhans cell.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[PCR in detecting the correlation between infection of HBV and cholelithiasis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between cholelithiasis and the infection of HBV. METHOD: 32 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded gallbladder samples of cholelithiasis patients and 20 gallbladder samples of non-cholelithiasis patients were investigated using the polymerase chain reaction-Ethidium bromide (PCR-EB) assay. The 52 patients were positive to HBV serologic markers. RESULT: The results showed that HBV-DNA was found in 13 gallbladder samples of 32 cholelithiasis patients (40.63%), significantly higher than that in 3 gallbladder samples of 20 non-cholelithiasis patients (15%). CONCLUSION: The infection of HBV and the formation of cholelithiasis are correlated.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Radionuclide pulmonary perfusion imaging in evaluating pulmonary hypertension in patients with congenital heart disease].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degree of pulmonary hypertension in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) by using radionuclide pulmonary perfusion imaging. METHOD: The pulmonary perfusion in 81 patients with left to right cardiac shunts was examined by scintigram with macroaggregates of (99m)Tc-labeled human serum albumin (PPS). PPS was analyzed for (1) lung regional radionuclide count (LRC), (2) right upper and lower lung count ratio (RULR), (3) kidney count ratio (KCR). The results were compared with those of cardiac catheterization exam. RESULT: There were correlation between mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), total pulmonary resistance (TPR), and PPS (KCR, RULR with mPAP gamma = 0.25, 0.35; LRC, KCR with TPR gamma = -0.34, 0.29). Five patients repeated PPS test after early operation. There were no changes in PPS. CONCLUSION: The degree of reversibility of pulmonary hypertension in patients with CHD could be quantitatively analysed by PPS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Fate of massive retrieved human bone allografts].

OBJECTIVES: To study retrieved massive human allograft specimen after they had been in situ for four to sixty-five months, and to investigate the changes union, bone replacement and degradation of articular cartilage. METHOD: BMP gene expression in the specimen was also studied with in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical methods, and the observations were correlated with the clinical and isotope scan date. RESULT: The union between the allograft and the host was achieved by the formation of an external callus derived from the cortex of the host. New bone replacement took place slowly. Analysis of the articular cartilage revealed evidence that some chondrocytes had survived in non bearing area of the articular. The expression of BMP in the surface of the cortex and united callus was positive 4 months after implantation. But it was negative in the center of cortex after it had been implanted for over 12 months. An external callus formed from the cortex of the host. Some chondrocytes survived in non-bearing area of the articular. Neovasculature penetrated into osteoarticular. CONCLUSION: Bone absorption may be the cause of collapse of articular surface. The results suggest that large allografts in humans are osteo-conductive rather than inductive. Incomplete repair of osteon may be related to slowed replacement of massive human allograft.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Reoperation for recurrent carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia].

OBJECTIVE: To review the experience of reoperation for recurrent carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia. METHOD: Between 1979 and 1996, 44 patients with recurrent esophageal and cardiac cancer after the first operation underwent reoperation. Among them, 21 had esophageal cancer and 23 cardiac cancer. 36 patients were male and 8 female, with age ranged from 42 to 68 years. RESULT: The resectability rate was 77.2% (34/44) and the hospital mortality rate was 5.8%. Postoperative complications occurred in 7 patients with a morbidity of 20.5%. Pathologically, previous anastomotic relapse was seen in 26 patients, recurrent lesion of residual esophagus in 7, and recurrent cancerous residue at the esophageal bed in 1. 15 patients (44%) showed lymph node metastasis. Follow-up showed that 4 patients survived for 5 years, 4 for 3 years, and 3 for 2 years. 15 patients died within one year after reoperation. CONCLUSION: The recurrence of esophageal and cardiac cancer after first operation is not a contraindication to reoperation, but careful preoperative assessment and patients' selection should become an integral part of the evaluation of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The treatment of rat fulminant hepatic failure by auxiliary partial heterotopic liver transplantation: experimental study].

OBJECTIVE: To confirm the effect of auxiliary partial heterotopic liver transplantation (APHLT) in the treatment of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). METHOD: On 30 rat models of FHF, 62% of partial liver grafts were implanted below the host residual liver with 28 successful operations. The survival rate, biochemical test for liver function, (99m)Tc-HIDA liver scintigraphy and pathological changes of the grafts and host livers were studied. RESULT: The survival rate in 48 hours was 71.4% compared with 0% in 15 FHF animals. 14 days after the operation, the host liver regenerated obviously and the liver function recovered while the graft shrank gradually. 30 days later, the graft became fibrosis completely. CONCLUSION: Depending on the temporary function support of the graft, the native residual liver could regenerate and restore its function while the graft tended to atrophy.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Apraclonidine prevents the acute increase of intraocular pressure in brown eyes with Nd:YAG laser iridectomy].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate if apraclonidine can effectively prevent the acute increase of intraocular pressure (IOP) in brown eyes with Nd:YAG laser iridectomy. METHODS: 48 eyes with primary angle closure glaucoma were divided into treatment and control groups, which were matched by age and sex. One drop of apraclonidine was applied into the conjunctival sac at one hour before laser iridectomy and immediately after laser iridectomy in treatment group, whereas one drop of antibiotic as placebo was applied in control group at the same time. IOP, pupil diameter were measured at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3.5 hours after laser iridectomy. RESULTS: The maximum increase of IOP after laser iridectomy was 0.62 +/- 0.67 kPa and 1.13 +/- 0.87 kPa in treatment and control group respectively, there was a significant difference (P = 0.03). The obvious decrease of IOP occurred at 0.5, 1 and 1.5 hours after laser iridectomy in treatment group. No ocular and systemic side effects were found in treatment group, except pupil diameter was obviously larger in treatment group than that in control group. CONCLUSION: 1% apraclonidine effectively prevents the acute increase of IOP in brown eyes with Nd:YAG laser iridectomy.

Clonidine↗
PubMed1998

[A randomized control clinical trial of glaucoma filtering surgery with homoharringtonine].

OBJECTIVE: To study the antiproliferative effects of homoharringtonine (Hh) on glaucoma filtering surgery. METHODS: In a randomized control clinical trial, 78 patients (88 eyes) with refractory glaucoma underwent trabeculectomy with and without Hh. In the Hh-treated eyes (n = 46), the therapeutic dose of Hh was: intraoperative application of Hh 0.4 mg and postoperative subconjunctival injections of Hh 0.62 +/- 0.20 mg (ranged 0.53 - 0.75 mg). In the control eyes (n = 42), Hh was not used. The follow-up period was 18 to 48 months, and the data were analyzed by using the life-table method of Kaplan-Meier. RESULTS: The cumulative success probability in Hh group was 84.5% and that in control group was 50.9%, the difference being significant (P < 0.05). The cumulative percentage of functioning bleb in Hh group was 84.2% and that in control group was 52.9% (P < 0.05). The rates of corneal erosion were 23.9% and 7.1%, and the rates of conjunctival wound leak were 6.5% and 2.4% in Hh and control group respectively. There was no significant change in corneal endothelial density following the use of Hh (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study indicates that Hh is a safe and effective antiproliferative agent for the use in glaucoma filtering surgery, it not only can increase the success probability considerably, but also maintain at least the postoperative IOP at relatively low normal level for 3 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A clinical study on reducing immunologic rejection in combining corneal lamellar autografting with allografting].

OBJECTIVE: To reduce the rate of immunologic rejection, corneal lamellar autografting with allografting were combined, making immune cells less attack on allograft. METHODS: The pterygium having encroached upon the pupillary area was removed surgically, and the combination of autograft with allograft was transplanted on the peripheral and central cornea in 23 cases (24 eyes). The control group of 13 cases (13 eyes) was established in which the pterygium and dermoids were removed, and lamellar allografts were transplanted. The rate of rejection and their effects were compared. RESULTS: The rate of transparent autograft and allograft was 100%, no rejection and recurrence of pterygium occurred in any case in the combined group, while in the control group, the rejection rate was 30.8% and recurrence rate, 20.0%. CONCLUSION: The combination of lamellar autografting with allografting can reduce the rate of rejection and recurrence of pterygium.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Immunohistochemical study on ANP in the atria of electrocution].

By the immunohistochemical staining for ANP with LSAB method and the analysis of areas and grays of ANP with computer image analysis, it was found that the ANP granulus in right atria of electrocution were obviously depleted, compared with that in the control groups. The results showed that depletion of ANP granules in right atria could be used as a reference for the forensic diagnosis of electrocution and might benefit for the clinical therapy to the patients suffering from electric injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Optimization of non-gel sieving capillary electrophoretic separation of DNA fragments of hundreds of base pairs].

Non-gel sieving capillary electrophoresis has been employed in the biological sciences for the size-based separation of macromolecules such as nucleic acids. In this paper, four factors i.e. electric field strength, capillary length, capillary diameter and hydroxy-propylmethylcellulose (HPMC) concentration were integratively evaluated to select the optimal condition of separating DNA fragments of a few hundreds of base pairs through orthogonal analysis. Conclusion was made through comprehensive analysis: better separation could be achieved in longer capillary, smaller inside diameter of capillary and less field strength. In practical application, effective separation in short time is important. We preferred to employ 8 g/L HPMC in coated capillary (37 cm x 75 microns i.d.) and electric field strength of 324 V/cm in separating DNA fragments of hundreds of base pairs. From sampling to getting results only a few more than ten minutes were needed in capillary electrophoresis. It needs less amount of sample (a few nanoliters) and shows higher sensitivity (0.1 pmol in UV detection) than polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). pBR322/Msp I fragments were completely resolved in both capillary electrophoresis and PAGE, and four-bases resolution was obtained. When the concentration of the PCR product is too low (< 20 mg/L), PCR reaction system is used as a negative control to make sure of the peak generated by the unpurified PCR products, avoiding interference made by PCR buffer and polymerase.

Apolipoprotein B-100↗
PubMed1998

[Separation of ofloxacin enantiomers by high performance capillary electrophoresis(HPCE)].

An analytical method for separation of ofloxacin enantiomers by HPCE using bovine serum albumin(BSA) as the chiral selector and isopropanol as the modifier was established. The effects of BSA concentration, pH of running buffer, isopropanol concentration, applied voltage and column temperature on the resolution of the enantiomers have been studied. The experimental results indicated that the BSA concentration and pH of the running buffer were the vital factors for the separation of the enantiomers. The concentration of isopropanol showed strong influence on the peak shape of enantiomers. Lower voltage and column temperature were favorable to improve the efficiency for the separation of the enantiomers. Optimum performance was achieved in a fused-silica capillary(45 cm x 30 microns ID, effective length 32 cm) at 30 degrees C and applied voltage of +15 kV with a pH 6.0 phosphate buffer containing 50 mg.ml-1 BSA and 5% isopropanol as running buffer and detected at 293 nm. The precision of this method was evaluated by repeated measurement of the migration times and peak areas for 0.45 mg.ml-1 ofloxacin standard solution. The RSD(n = 8) for migration times and peak areas were 1.6% and 1.1% for (-)-ofloxacin and were 1.8% and 2.8% for (+)-ofloxacin, respectively. The method was simple and fast and has been applied to separate enantiomers of ofloxacin products. The experimental results showed that the ratio of peak area of (-)-ofloxacin to that of (+)-ofloxacin was within the range of 0.995-0.998 with RSD(n = 6) of measurement between 1.8% and 2.0%.

Electrophoresis, Capillary↗
PubMed1998

[Determination of naftopidil and its main metabolite in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography].

A method was developed for the determination of naftopidil (NAF) and its main metabolite desmethyl-naftopidil (DMN) in plasma by HPLC. A mixture of methanol, acetonitrile and 0.02 mol.L-1 K2HPO4 solution was used as mobile phase. Stationary phase was RP-C18. Propranolol was chosen as internal standard (IS), and the detector wavelength was 240 nm. Under these conditions, the retention times of IS, DMN and NAF were 6.2, 7.6 and 10.5 min respectively. Absolute recoveries from plasma were up to 93.4% (IS), 76.8% (DMN) and 80.2% (NAF). The assay was linear for DMN and NAF in the range of 10-800 ng.ml-1 plasma concentration, gamma = 0.9998. The lowest detection limits were 8 ng.ml-1 (DMN) and 5 ng.ml-1 (NAF), and the precisions within-day and day-to-day were no more than 6.3% for MDN and 11.6% for NAF. The drug concentration-time pattern of these two substances was also studied with this method. Result showed that naftopidil was quickly absorbed after p.o. and the concentration-time data were fitted to two compartment model, with half life (T1/2 beta) of 8.13 h.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1998

[Thrombolysis by staphylokinase in rabbits with experimental pulmonary embolus].

Thrombolysis effect of recombinant staphylokinase (rSaK) developed in China was evaluated in rabbits with experimental pulmonary embolus model. 125I-labeled human fibrin blood clot was prepared in vitro and was injected through jugular vein resulting in a pulmonary embolus. Twenty thousands AU.kg-1(rSaK-H) or 5000 AU.kg-1(rSaK-L) of rSaK was infused in 0.5 h at constant rate by a peristaltic 20,000 U.kg-1. Another 20,000 AU.kg-1 of rSaK was infused within 2.5 h(rSaK-2.5 h). The residual labeled blood clot in lungs were found to be 62% +/- 11% (rSaK-H), 78% +/- 7% (rSaK-L), 92% +/- 7% (NS), 60% +/- 13% (SK), and 64% +/- 16% (rSaK-2.5 h). 125I-labeled degradation products in blood and urine were also statistically higher in thrombolytic agents treated group than those in NS controls. The results suggest that the thrombolytic effect of rSaK was determined by total dose and not determined by infusion time. Two of seven rabbits in the rSaK 2.5 h infusion group, the bleeding time was prolonged to more than 10 minutes while no prolongation was seen in rSaK high dose group. The clot lysis curves were very similar in 0.5 h or 2.5 h treatment of rSAK in vitro. Michaelis-Menten kinetics studies in vitro revealed that the Kms of rSaK and SK were almost the same, while a higher maximal velocity(34 kBq.min-1) was observed in rSaK than that in SK (10 kBq.min-1).

Animals↗