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Biomedical subjects

X Liu

Publications and source records attributed to X Liu.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

An experimental study on the mechanism of anisodamini hydrobromidum in treating acute ischemic renal failure.

In order to explore the mechanism of anisodamini hydrobromidum (654-2) in treating acute ischemic renal failure, the model of acute ischemic renal failure in white New Zealand rabbits was established to dynamically observe and statistically analyze the intracellular concentration changes of free calcium ([Ca2+]i) and inositol triphosphate (IP3). The results showed that the levels of [Ca2+]i and IP3 in acute renal failure group were higher than those in control group (P < 0.01). However, the levels of [Ca2+]i and IP3 in 654-2 treated group were significantly lower than those in acute renal failure group (P < 0.001). It was concluded that 654-2 could alleviate Ca(2+)-overload in renal histocytes in acute ischemic renal failure. The protective mechanism is associated with intracellular reduction of IP3.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1998

[Therapeutic effect of EGFR antisense cDNA on rat C6 gliomas in vivo].

OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic effect of EGFR antisense cDNA on rat C6 glioma in vivo and find out the feasibility of using EGFR gene as a target in gene therapy of gliomas. METHOD: Wild type C6 cells and C6 cells transfected with EGFR antisense cDNA were implanted stereotaxically to the caudate nucleus of right cerebrum of Wistar rats (control and transfected group, 8 and 6 rats respectively), and rats with cerebral tumor foci were treated with EGFR antisense cDNA mediated by Lipofectamine (treated group, 9 rats). The general manifestation, survival time, MRI features, histopathological change, proliferation activity and apoptosis of the gliomas in each group of rats were observed. RESULTS: The mean survival time of control animals was 17.3 days. That of the 6 transfected and 6 treated animals was significantly prolonged. Four transfected and 3 treated rats were killed on day 28-90 after implantation for histopathological examination. The surviving time of the 4 remaining rats (1 transfected and 3 treated rats) was over 200 days. MRI demonstrated a distinct cerebral tumor in control rats, but the tumor foci were not found in the transfected rats and disappeared almost completely in the treated rats. The cerebral gliomas of rats after treatment with EGFR antisense cDNA showed decrease in proliferation activity and apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The results of EGFR antisense cDNA in treatment of rat C6 glioma is encouraging. EGFR gene can be used as the target of gene therapy for malignant gliomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Proximal bronchial invasion of lung cancer: a clinicopathological study].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of proximal bronchial invasion of lung cancer of different types. METHODS: Proximal bronchus of 151 operatively resected specimens of hilar type lung cancer was selected for cross-sectional pathological study. Forty one specimens were obtained from total pulmonectomy, and 110 from pulmonary lobectomy. RESULTS: Evidence showed that the direct invasion of tumour cells through the submucosal layer or multiple layers was the major form of lung cancer spread; 96.6% of the cancerous invasion occurred at the proximal bronchial wall less than 1.5 cm apart from the margin of the cancer. The extension of invasion was correlated with the histopathologic type of cancer, mode of invasion and TNM classification(pT, pN). Besides, the invasion in the bronchial wall by metastatic lymph nodes was also an important way for the cancer spread. CONCLUSION: In order to achieve radical removal of tumor, it is imperative to keep a distance of 1.5 cm or more between the excision margin of the bronchus and the tumor, and to completely resect the hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Hoffmann reflex elicited by magnetic stimulation of S1 nerve roots in the diagnosis of diabetic radiculopathy].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of radiculopathy in diabetic patients neurophysiologically. METHODS: The H-reflexes were elicited by magnetic stimulation to S1 nerve root at the first sacral foramen (S1 H-reflex) in 40 normal subjects and 41 diabetic patients. The action potentials of the H-reflex were recorded from the soleus muscle. For comparison, a popliteal H-reflex (stimulated at popliteal fossa), and a regular distal sensory and motor conduction of the tibial nerves were simultaneously evaluated. RESULTS: A significant correlation of the peak interval of H wave and M wave (HMI) of the S1 H-reflex with body height and age was confirmed by multiple regression analysis in the normal subjects. The simultaneous regression of the HMI adjusted on age and body height produced the formula as 0.02 x (age) + 0.03 x (height) + 0.92. At 95% normal limits of the significant test, 40.2% HMI and 53.7% amplitude of H waves of the S1 H-reflex, 54.9% latency and 46.3% amplitude of H waves of the popliteal H-reflex, 40.2% SCV and 40.2% amplitude of sensory action potentials were diagnosed as abnormal. CONCLUSIONS: A high incidence rate of diabetic radiculopathy was confirmed to be comparable to that of proximal neuropathy and distal symmetrical sensory polyneuropathy. This suggests that diabetic neuropathy may be related to metabolic and/or vascular disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Effects of protein kinase C on non-heart organ protection of preconditioning].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of protein kinase C (PKC) on ischemic (hypoxic) preconditioning (PC) in the non-heart organs and tissue. METHODS: In the models of ischemia/reperfusion of in situ perfused rat small intestine, limb, and in the model of hypoxia/reoxygenation of cultured rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), the effects of PKC on ischemic (hypoxic) PC were observed. RESULTS: PKC inhibitor H7 and polymyxin B completely abolished the protective effects of ischemic PC on small intestine and limb subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Hypoxic PC activated PKC in VSMC and potentiated phosphorylation mediated by PKC. CONCLUSION: The activation of PKC is also the important chain of PC on non-heart organs, and its mechanism might involve protein phosphorylation.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

MR imaging in rat glioma model and gene therapy using EGFR antisence RNA.

OBJECTIVE: To study the value of 1.5T MRI in long-term follow-up of rat C6 glioma model and the efficacy of EGFR antisence RNA therapy in vivo. METHODS: Forty-three male Wistar rats, weighing 150 to 200 g, were used for this study. They were divided into four groups: group I (7 normal rats); group II (16 rats inoculated C6 cells in the right caudate nucleus); group III (12 rats with the C6 gliomas treated with EGFR antisence RNA by in site injection); and group IV (8 rats inoculated C6 cells transfected with EGFR antisence RNA in the right caudate nucleus). Group I was examined by plain and enhanced MR scanning. Group II-IV were followed up by plain and enhanced MR scanning and were sacrificed in variable time points for pathological examination. RESULTS: Cerebral hemispheres of normal rat were shown clearly on the MR image. The tumor could be seen about 1 week after inoculation. According to the findings on the follow-up MR scan, we could observe growth of the tumor or its regression after treatment. The tumor growth was significantly inhibited in group III and group IV as compared to those in group II. CONCLUSION: The growth of the rat C6 glioma model and its change after treatment could be shown clearly in 1.5T MR imaging; EGFR antisence RNA significantly inhibited the growth of glioma in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Induction of apoptosis and differentiation in human leukemia cell line HL-60 by synthetic retinoid Ro13-7410].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the synthetic retinoid Ro13-7410 on HL-60 cells. METHODS: Trypan blue exclusion was used to determine viability. Apoptosis was assessed by cell morphology and PCD-assay-kit. Differentiation was assessed by morphology and NBT reduction. RESULTS: Incubation of the HL-60 cells with 10(-6)-10(-8) mol/L Ro14-7410 resulted in the suppression of cell growth, the induction of cell apoptosis and differentiation. CONCLUSION: Ro13-7410 suppressed HL-60 cell growth mainly via induction of apoptosis.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1998

[PTA1 monoclonal antibody induces human platelet aggregation and intra-cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevation].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of PTA1 monoclonal antibody (McAb) induced human platelet aggregation and its effect on intra-cytoplasmic Ca2+ level. METHODS: Platelet aggregation, ATP releasing assay and Pollock's test were used. RESULTS: PTA1 McAb induced human platelet aggregation in vitro, which could be completely inhibited by EGTA and PGI2. F(ab')2 of PTA1 McAb had no effect on CD9 or CD41 induced platelet activation and aggregation. PTA1 McAb enhanced platelet intra-cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevation. CONCLUSION: PTA1 McAb inducing platelet aggregation is related to platelet Fc receptor and CD41/CD61 (II b/III a) complex, and the induced platelet intra-cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevation is resulted from Ca2+ influx and releasing of intracytoplasmic Ca2+ storage.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1998

[Correlation of serum markers with fibrosis staging in chronic viral hepatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the correlation between serological fibrosis markers and staging of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis. METHODS: One hundred and fourteen (114) biopsy and 13 autopay liver specimen were reviewed pathohistologically. Serum samples for liver function tests and fibrosis marker assays including serum P-III-P, IV collagen, laminin (LN), hyaluronic acid (HA), h-TIMP-1 were collected simultaneously right before the biopsy or autopsy. HE, sirius red stains as well as staining for reticulum and elastic fiber were done. In besides, IV collagen, laminin, activated stellate cell were assayed by immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: Among 127 patients, 92 cases of chronic viral hepatitis including early cirrhosis and 18 cases of hepatic cirrhosis were examined pathologically (17 alcoholic liver disease excluded). The overall inflammatory index and fibrotic scoring were noticed to be significantly correlated with each other (r = 0.82, p < 0.01); The markers, such as HA, P-III-P, LN, IV collagen, h-TIMP-1 were positively correlated with the fibrotic staging and scoring (r = 0.610, 0.575, 0.607, 0.641, 0.606 respectively). The higher the marker level, the more serious the fibrotic change. In addition, (18 cases) patients with active cirrhosis (16 cases) showed higher serum marker level than that of the early cirrhosis and the serum markers in the later were higher than that in the non-active cirrhosis. CONCLUSION: Serum fibrosis markers are fairly well correlated with the staging of fibrosis and are considered to be the valuable references for clinical diagnosis. The close correlation between inflammation process and fibrosis suggests that the inflammatory process plays an important role in fibrogenesis.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1998

Prevention of maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility with traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese herbal medicine on the prevention of hemolytic disease caused by maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility. METHODS: A total of 126 Chinese patients with maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility were studied, including 105 cases of ABO type and 21 cases of Rh type incompatibility. The traditional Chinese herbal medicine was used for preventative treatment in 79 cases, and 47 cases served as controls. The prescription consisted of Herba leonuri 500 g, white peony root 180 g, Banksia rose 12 g, root of Chinese angelica 150 g and Rhizomal ligustica 150 g. RESULTS: Preventative treatment with traditional Chinese herbal medicine significantly reduced the perinatal mortality rate in cases of Rh type incompatibility, from 50.0% in the control group to 7.7% in the treatment group (P < 0.05). There was no death in the cases of ABO incompatibility. The traditional Chinese herbal medicine also decreased the degree of hemolysis. The percentage of severe cases in the control group was 29.8%, while it was 15.2% in the treatment group (P = 0.05). The duration of treatment was closely related to the outcomes. In patients who used traditional Chinese herbal medicine for more than 10 weeks, the incidence of severe hemolysis was 8.2%, compared with 38.9% in those treated for less than 10 weeks (P < 0.05). The change of serum immune antibody (A and/or B) titers during the treatment was a very important predictive factor for the outcome of the pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Traditional Chinese herbal medicine is effective not only for ABO type but also for Rh type maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility, with no side effects.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1998

[Protecting infection by using rhG-CSF in patients with lung cancer during chemotherapeutic courses].

OBJECTIVE: To recognize the prophylactic effect of rhG-CSF used on infection complications secondary to chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer. METHOD: The infection complications and the neutropenia secondary to chemotherapy in 163 cases of lung cancer patients with or without rhG-CSF were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: Rhg-CSF administration reduced the frequency of infection complications, and there was a significant difference(P < 0.005) in the frequency of infection between the G-CSF group's patients (infections incidence 25%) and non-G-CSF group's (56%). The incidence of neutropenia in G-CSF group' patients is obviously less than that in non-G-CSF group's (P < 0.005). The median number of days of the neutropenia (neutrophil count of < 1.0 x 10(9) in G-CSF group(3 days) is less than that in non-G-CSF group(4 days)(P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between G-CSF group(63%) and non-G-CSF group(76%) in terms of response of the infection complications. CONCLUSION: Our data has shown that the administration of rhG-CSF as an adjunct to chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer can accelerate neutrophil recovery and shorten the duration of neutropenia, and lead to reductions in the incidence of infection complications, and also has the potential to increase the amount of cytotoxic chemotherapy and the quantity of life.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical study on effect of Chinese herbal medicine combined with hemodialysis in treating uremia].

OBJECTIVE: To elevate the efficacy of dialysis in uremia patients treated with maintaining hemodialysis. METHODS: Thirty patients of terminal stage uremia were treated with Tongmai oral liquid and rhubarb capsule combined with hemodialysis were observed and compared with a control group of 30 patients treated with hemodialysis alone. The therapeutic course of both groups was 1 month and the observation lasted for 3 months consecutively. RESULTS: The mean time urea nitrogen concentration, protein catabdic rate and the GS index (KT/V value) of the treated group were all better than those of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Uremia patients treated with Tongmai oral liquid and rhubarb capsule combined with hemodialysis were better in full utilization of hemodialysis and life quality of patients in comparison with patients treated with hemodialysis alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The regulating effect of protein kinase C pathway on the airway tone].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate if the role of protein kinase C(PKC) signal pathway in the regulation of tracheal and lung parenchymal strips tone in normal guinea-pigs is different from that in ovalbumin-sensitized ones. METHOD: By measuring the tones of tracheal and lung parenchymal strips isolated from normal and ovalbumin sensitized guinea-pigs, the effects of PKC-specific activator PMA and inhibitor Ro31-8220 were observed and compared. RESULT: (1) PMA caused concentration-dependent relaxations in the tracheal strips of both normal (n = 7) and sensitized animals(n = 7) and the relaxant effects were significantly stronger on the strips from the sensitized animals than on those from the normal ones(P < 0.05). The relaxing effects could be completely inhibited by Ro31-8220. (2) PMA led to concentration-dependent contractions in the lung parenchymal strips and the contractile effects were significantly stronger on the strips from the sensitized animals (n = 5) than on those(n = 6) from the normal ones (P < 0.05). This contractile response could be abolished by Ro31-8220. (3) Ro31-8220 could partly suppress the contractile response of sensitized lung parenchymal strips to in vitro antigen attacks (n = 10, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: (1) The regulating effects of PKC on airway smooth muscle tone differ in different locations of the guinea-pig airways. (2) The function of PKC signal pathway in airway smooth muscle from sensitized guinea-pig is increased compared with that from normal one. It is suggested that the role of PKC signal pathway may be important in the pathogenesis of asthma.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical effect of tianma-cuzhi granules on senile vascular dementia].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical efficacy of Tianma-cuzhi Granules (TMC) in treating senile vascular dementia(VaD) of the "sthenia of liver-yang" type. METHOD: TMC were given to thirty VaD patients three times a day of 0.5 g/bageach. The treatment course was one month and the patients finished two consecutive courses. RESULTS: TMC could markedly increase the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Hamilton depression scale(HDS) marks of VaD patients, and also contribute to improving certain indexes especially in abnormal cases. CONCLUSION: TMC have certain effects on senile VaD.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Constituents in petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extract fractions of Dracaena cochinensis (Lour.) S.C. Chen].

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Dracaena cochinensis. METHODS: Compounds were separated by solvent extraction, column chromatography, TLC and HPLC, and their structures were determined by spectral analysis. RESULTS: Ten compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions of D. cochinensis and identified as n-heptacosane, lophenol, docosanyl ferulate, tetracosanyl ferulate, hexacosanyl ferulate, octacosanyl ferulate, pterostilbene, dioctyl phthalate, butyl isobutyl phthalate and 4'-methoxy-3',7-dihydroxy-flavone. CONCLUSION: All the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Coumaric Acids↗
PubMed1998

[Relationship between anatomic variations of nasal sinus and chronic sinusitis].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the etiology of chronic sinusitis. METHODS: Ninety-one coronal CT scans of chronic sinusitis were analysed with mutimedia software developed by the authors. Sinus CT images were scanned into multimedia computer and the subtle anatomic structures such as pneumatization of the middle turbinate, agger nasi cell, Haller's cell, septal deformity, maxillary sinus hypoplasia, abnormality of uncinate process and ethmoid bulla and so on were measured. The results were analysed by the statistical software SPSS. RESULTS: The penumatization rate of total or inferior part of middle turbinate correlated positively to the inflammation of anterior ethmoid and maxillary sinuses. Compared with patients with normal frontal sinuses, the vertical diameters of agger nasi cells of patients with frontal sinusitis were larger(11.70 +/- 5.50 mm and 8.54 +/- 3.67 mm respectively, P < 0.01). Compared with patients with normal maxillary sinuses, the Haller's cells of patients with maxillary sinusitis were larger (77.8% and 33.3%, P < 0.05) and the amount of inflammatory Haller's cells of the latter was more abundant than that of the former(91.6 +/- 17.8 mm2 and 41.6 +/- 12.6 mm2, respectively, P < 0.05). The deviation of uncinate process was one of the factors of maxillary sinusitis. The sizes of ethmoid bullae increased with the soft tissue thickening in anterior ethmoid sinus, the large ethmoid bulla may cause anterior ethmoid sinusitis. CONCLUSION: Some anatomic variations may play a role in chronic sinusitis.

Adolescent↗