Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Mann

Publications and source records attributed to W Mann.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Calcium antagonists in the treatment of sudden deafness.

In the treatment of patients with sudden deafness, we found no significant difference between an oral calcium antagonist (nifedipine) and intravenous naftidrofuryl given concomitantly with vitamin A, vitamin E, and zinc. This prospective randomized study in 50 patients again shows that recovery to useful hearing levels tends to be spontaneous and independent of the type of medical treatment given. Irrespective of their capability to prevent contractions of cerebral vascular smooth muscle induced by neurotransmitter and vasoconstrictor substances and of their rheological properties, currently available calcium antagonists of the nifedipine type are unable to enhance hearing recovery at the present time.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Extracts from Sarcocystis gigantea macrocysts are mitogenic for human blood lymphocytes.

Extracts were prepared from macrocysts of Sarcocystis gigantea, an animal parasite, by sonication and high speed centrifugation. Mononuclear cells were obtained from the blood of 14 adults and 5 newborns and used for transformation assays. Addition of Sarcocystis extracts (equivalent to 400 micrograms protein/ml) to these cells increased the lymphocyte proliferation approximately 71 fold over the background. The control with Pokeweed mitogen (5 micrograms/ml) gave a stimulation index of 58. There was no difference in the response to the Sarcocystis extract between the lymphocytes of adults and those of newborns. This findings show that the effect of the extract is mitogenic and not due an anamnestic reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Extracranial aneurysms of the internal carotid artery--an otorhinolaryngologic problem?].

The problem of high cervical internal carotid aneurysms is demonstrated in two patients. One patient presented with a massive intermittent bleeding in the nasopharynx, the second with a sudden paralysis of the cranial nerves 9-12. 2/3 of these extracranial internal carotid aneurysms are situated at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and 1/3 are located proximal the skull base. These aneurysms can be "congenital" or traumatic in origin or may arise as a complication of otitis media or tonsillitis. Diagnosis should be established by arteriography. Even for asymptomatic aneurysms the present therapeutic concept consists of a multidisciplinary surgical approach with attempted vascular reconstruction, since spontaneous rupture may occur at any moment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A- and B-mode ultrasound diagnosis in diseases of the paranasal sinuses and soft tissues of the face].

A-mode ultrasonography in paranasal sinus disease for 13 years and of B-mode ultrasonography for 10 years provide the experience to define the role of both diagnostic imaging procedures in various processes of the paranasal sinuses and the overlaying soft tissues. While A-mode ultrasonography of the maxillary and frontal sinus remains an excellent screening method for initial examinations and follow up controls, the improved imaging quality of B-mode ultrasonography facilitates diagnosis in case of ethmoid sinus involvement and in lesions of the facial soft tissues. In infantile sinusitis, ultrasonography is far more reliable than conventional x-ray projections. The global conformity for this method depends on the localization of the affected sinus and on the nature of the disease process.

Facial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Survival rate and function in horizontal laryngeal and total laryngeal resection].

72 patients with supraglottic carcinomas were stratified into two groups with similar cancerological data. 36 underwent horizontal and 36 total laryngectomy. Both groups were radiated postoperatively. In N0, elective neck dissection was omitted. Superior survival was achieved in patients after total laryngectomy. Recurrence rate in the neck for both groups was 6%. There was considerable morbidity after horizontal laryngectomy with aspiration being the main factor. 30.6% of the patients were unable to swallow at all and 30% had a permanent tracheostomy because of laryngeal stenosis. Technical modifications of horizontal laryngectomy including a change in postoperative radiotherapy as described seem to provide better functional results.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1986

[How important is preservation of the accessory nerve in neck dissection?].

Preservation of the spinal accessory nerve in radical or modified neck dissection is oncologically accepted in order to avoid the sequelae of the so called "shoulder syndrome". In 23 patients, on whom 29 neck dissections had been performed, the functional results were evaluated on an average 2.6 years postoperatively. 19 patients were radiated post surgery. Clinical and electromyographic examination revealed paresis of 62% of the preserved accessory nerves. Nevertheless, only 48% of the patients suffered from the shoulder syndrome, the remaining were able to innervate or compensate for the resulting deficit. Postoperative functional exercises are mandatory to prevent the shoulder syndrome and to make the preservation technique a worthwhile concept.

Accessory Nerve↗
PubMed1986

[Differential diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in Menière's disease].

135 patients with BPPV and 56 patients with Meniere's disease were evaluated critically. The reliability of the diagnostic criteria (history and physical examination, audiograms and vestibular function tests) were compared. History, physical examination and patients' complaints were inconclusive. Moderate or severe medio- or pancochlear inner ear damage was more reliable, but not pathognomonic of Meniere's disease. Patients with BPPV had normal hearing or a high-frequency loss. Electronystagmographically recorded vestibular function tests were unreliable in establishing the diagnosis. The most valid test to distinguish BPPV and Meniere's disease was Hallpike's positional test, using Frenzel's spectacles for better observation of the provoked nystagmus.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Recurrent benign tumors of the parotid gland and their tendency for becoming malignant].

In 257 parotid adenomas lumpectomy led to tumour recurrence in 49.2%, superficial parotidectomy in 5.7% and total parotidectomy in 5.3%. 40 patients with recurrent tumours experienced eventually eight true malignant neoplasms. There were five carcinomas ex pleomorphic adenomas, one true malignant mixed tumour, and two undifferentiated carcinomas. Malignant transformation usually occurred with the 4th recurrence after 15.8 years. To prevent recurrence and secondary malignancy in parotid adenomas the lumpectomy technique should be omitted.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

[Postoperative functional results in oral and oropharyngeal tumors].

The functional results of surgery for intraoral tumours were evaluated in a retrospective study. Among the many reconstructive techniques there is a place for healing by secondary intention or for primary closure of the defect. Bony reconstruction after lateral mandibulectomy may be omitted. The determining factors for good postoperative results were motivation, functional deglutition and speech exercises.

Deglutition↗
PubMed1985

[Problem of the surgical treatment of malignant tumors of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus].

One of the drawbacks in one-stage reconstruction of the cervical oesophagus and the hypopharynx is the mortality and morbidity of intestinal transposition or free mucosal grafts. The follow up in 19 patients over the last four years showed that the pectoralis major flap is a good alternative for partial reconstructions of the upper gullet, provided that a mucosal strip of 2 cm can be preserved and that secondary shrinkage of the muscle pedicle is allowed for. This means of reconstruction is not ideal for circumferential lesions because of stricture formation and the high risk of fistula formation. Pectoralis major flaps tolerate postoperative radiotherapy well. Functional rehabilitation of the patients can usually be achieved within four weeks.

Adult↗