Biomedical subjects
W Kaiser
Publications and source records attributed to W Kaiser.
[Schizophrenic patients in ambulatory treatment of a psychiatric hospital and in general practice of established psychiatrists].
Two large samples of schizophrenic patients treated in a psychiatric hospital outpatient clinic (n = 108) and by psychiatrists in office practice (n = 265) are compared in regard to socio-demographic and illness characteristics, pharmacological treatment, tardive dyskinesia rate and psychopathological status--also with respect to results on an outcome-scale. For the outpatient clinic patients changes in hospitalization rates and duration of stay, together with predictors of psychosocial outcome dimensions are reported. The strongest differences between the samples are found in a more complicated course of illness for the outpatient clinic patients, which is interpreted as indication for a higher vulnerability. Against expectation, socio-demographic variables showed no significant differences.
[History of medical graduation and special graduation system exemplified by Halle (III)].
The history of the development of the doctoral theses in the field of medicine is demonstrated at the instance of the University of Halle. The changes concerning contents and organisation are shown which took place at the Medical School opened in 1694 in the course of 250 years. In this part of the treatise is accentuated above all the situation of the forties of our century, in which the processes of academic graduation more than ever before could become a political fact.
[A comparison of 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinomas].
12 patients with suspected recurrence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma following thyroidectomy, radioiodine therapy and, in some cases, external radiation therapy had 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy. Except in one case, the findings concerning tumor localization and extension were identical. In all cases, locoregional lymph node metastases as well as osseous metastases were imaged by 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy. MRI images obtained in all patients with suspected lymph node metastases revealed inoperable situations in 2 cases, whereas there was no correlation in 1 patient with positive 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy. In contrast, the sensitivity of the two methods was relatively low in the detection of pulmonary metastases which were imaged in 1 out of 3 patients only. Discrepancies between 201Tl and 99mTc-MIBI were observed in a case of axillary lymph node metastasis. Although tumor-/background ratios were slightly higher for 201Tl, 99mTc-MIBI SPECT showed a higher imaging quality compared to 201Tl SPECT, especially in deeply situated tumor lesions. In conclusion, 99mTc-MIBI seems to be a promising alternative imaging agent in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinomas.
[50 years ago: documentation of the Bernburg "euthanasia" action program (II)].
The history of the "euthanasia" action programme began at Bernburg in 1940 and finished in 1943. It passed under regional peculiarities. In this second part of the report the organisational details of criminal actions were analysed and additionally the development of the physicians who took part in.
[200 years ago: special medical degrees in the 18th century exemplified by Halle].
The taking of a medical doctor's degree in the 18th century differed considerably from that one of our days. At the example of the Faculty of Medicine of Halle University the courses of the regular proceeding are described including the legally possible modalities of graduation. The taking of the degree of honorary doctor were included into the series of particular graduations which took place under highly different prerequisites.
[Late reactions following implantation of silicone prostheses].
Silicone implants can provoke local reactions (granulomas, lymphadenopathy) and also systemic side-effects. About 80 case reports in the literature describe autoimmune disease following silicone augmentation. The clinical spectrum includes signs and symptoms of progressive sclerosis, mixed connective tissue disease and lupus erythematosus. We present 4 cases with possible autoimmune phenomena related to breast augmentation. After explantation in 1 case the clinical and immunological features disappeared, and the antinuclear antibodies subsequently decreased from a titre of 1:1280 (speckled form) to 1:160 (homogeneous form). To our knowledge there are no similar reports on systemic complications following the use of silicone in urology.
[100 years ago: special medical graduation of the 19th century as exemplified by Halle].
The medical graduation of the 19th century had to adapt themselves to the requirements of the increase of knowledge in the natural sciences and therefore considerably changed compared with the preceding period. At the instance of Halle University the modalities of graduation are demonstrated. Special graduation was intended for distinguished scientists of non-medical origin.
[Johann Gottlob Leidenfrost (1715-1794). On the 275th anniversary of his birthday, 27 November 1990].
The 275th anniversary of the birthday of Johann Gottlob Leidenfrost gave rise to remember life and work of this physician and university teacher. The phenomenon described by him and named after him secured the versatile Halle candidate for a doctorate and Duisburg professor in ordinary a place also in the history of physics.
[Viatorium medico-historicum. I. Historical sites in the region of Saxony-Prussia-Anhalt].
In the framework of a viatorium medico-historicum for the district of Saxony-Anhalt several localities of the former border-district of Saxony, Prussia and Anhalt were marked out as places of birth of physicians and natural scientists who became known transregionally. Hereby the development of these personages was briefly outlined.
[Medicine and natural sciences in the Dessau cultural district of the 18th century. On the 250th anniversary of the birth of Leopold Friedrich Franz (1740-1817) of Anhalt-Dessau].
The 250th anniversary of the birthday of Prince Leopold Friedrich Franz of Anhalt-Dessau gives occasion to the appreciation of the progressive achievements of this representative of an enlightened absolutism, taking into particular consideration medicine and natural sciences. Under his reign a public health was established which was exemplarily organized by Dessau community physicians, the benefit of which the whole population of the country enjoyed.
[50 years ago: documentation concerning Bernburg's "euthanasia"-action program].
50 years ago within a so-called "euthanasia" action programme several killing institutions were founded, in which nearly 100,000 patients suffering from mental diseases were brought to death. At the instance of the Bernburg mental hospital the involvements of the political psychiatry and the murdering mechanism are described.
Inter-valence-band scattering and cooling of hot holes in p-type germanium studied by picosecond infrared pulses.
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[Halle physicians as historians and specialty chronologists. VI. From the early memoir literature].
The regional contribution about physicians as witnesses of time directed to Halle and the university of the city on river Saale in the 20th century dazzles into dark chapters of the history of German medicine and higher education. Thereby the recent local literature of memoirs contains remarkable statements concerning the events of the years between 1933 and 1945. The written reminiscences of several university teachers really do justice to the postulates to be directed to this genre.
[Halle physicians as witnesses of the times and specialty chronologists. V. From the memoir literature of 7 decades (1848-1918)].
The development of medicine at the German universities in the years between 1848 and 1918 is reflected by a series of autobiographical representations. Despite all their pride in the top position obtained for the time being critical authors not in the least lock up their insight concerning certain faulty developments. Already in the first decenniums of the 20th century most German universities and colleges are deprived of the bloom of preceding decades. At the instance of Halle particularly gross effects are shown.
[Scintigraphic quantification of pulmonary pressure increase in mitral valve stenoses based thallium uptake by the lung].
30 patients (24 fm, 6 m) with angiographically proven mitral stenosis as well as 10 healthy controls were investigated by wedge catheterism and thallium-201-scintigraphy to calculate the heart-lung quotient of the isotope. All patients with mitral stenosis could be discriminated from controls by a pathological increase of isotope concentration in the lungs. 4 groups could be subdivided: the first consisted of 8 patients with normal pulmonary artery pressure of x = 13.06 mm Hg and a normal heart-lung quotient less than 1.1. The second group of 15 patients showed passive pulmonary hypertension with a PAm of x = 27.57 mm Hg and heart-lung quotients between 1.1 and 1.4. A third group of 9 patients showed PAm of 36.76 mm Hg with reactive hypertension and a HLQ between 1.4 and 1.6. The last group of patients showed pulmonary hypertension of x = 45 mmHgPAm and a heart-lung quotient of greater than 1.6. Scintigraphy alone allowed classification of the patients, so the value of this method is proven for pre- and postoperative strategy.
Initial electron-transfer in the reaction center from Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
The initial electron transfer steps in the photosynthetic reaction center of the purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides have been investigated by femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy. The experimental data taken at various wavelengths demonstrate the existence of at least four intermediate states within the first nanosecond. The difference spectra of the intermediates and transient photodichroism data are fully consistent with a sequential four-step model of the primary electron transfer: Light absorption by the special pair P leads to the state P*. From the excited primary donor P*, the electron is transferred within 3.5 +/- 0.4 ps to the accessory bacteriochlorophyll B. State P+B- decays with a time constant of 0.9 +/- 0.3 ps passing the electron to the bacteriopheophytin H. Finally, the electron is transferred from H- to the quinone QA within 220 +/- 40 ps.