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Biomedical subjects

W Fischer

Publications and source records attributed to W Fischer.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Urinary tract infections in gynecology and obstetrics].

Against the background of more recent insights into the general importance of urinary infections, specific reference is made to the demands made, in that context, on gynaecology and obstetrics. An attempt is made to expound the epidemiological chain of causes, ranging from defloration cystitis and including gestational processes as well as all sorts of gynaecological effects up to possible diseases in the menopause. The high probability of secondary diseases in adult age should be the point of departure for conclusions regarding "prophylaxis". Description of a stepwise programme for diagnosis, therefore, is followed by discussion of aspects relating to urine collection, differentiation between significant bacteriuria courses, assessment of asymptomatic bacteriuria, distribution of germs, and demands on monitoring action. Therapies are discussed separately for gynaecological patients and pregnant women. In conclusion, major emphasis is laid on the need for taking widest possible advantage of advisory centres for pregnant women and contraception consultative services for early detection of renal diseases and hypertension as well as for more efficient follow-up or extended medical care for patients whose urinary infections has been (re)discovered and treated by obstetricians or gynaecologists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Studies on the relationship between glycerophosphoglycolipids and lipoteichoic acids. IV. Trigalactosylglycerophospho-acylkojibiosyldiacylglycerol and related compounds from Streptococcus lactis Kiel 42172.

Streptococcus lactis Kiel 42172 contains at least six unusually polar glycerophosphoglycolipids. The predominant one was composed of D-galactose, D-glucose, glycerol, acyl groups and phosphorus in a molar ratio of approx. 3 : 2 : 2 : 3 : 1. By analysis of the breakdown products of HF hydrolysis and Smith-degradation the structure was established to be [Galp (alpha 1 leads to 6)Galp(alpha 1 leads to 3)-sn-glycero(2 comes from 1 alpha Galp)-1-phospho] leads to 6Glcp(alpha 1 leads to 2), acyl leads to Glcp(alpha 1 leads to 3)-acyl2Gro. By HF hydrolysis the other compounds were shown to be in the main also derivatives of GroP leads to 6Glc(alpha 1 leads to 2), acyl leads to 6Glc(alpha 1 leads to 3)acyl2Gro but they released as water-soluble glycosides Gal(alpha 1 leads to 2)Gro, Gal(alpha 1 leads to 3)Gro, Gal(alpha 1 leads to 3)Gro(2 comes from 1 alpha Gal), Gal(alpha 1 leads to 6)Gal(alpha 1 leads to 3)Gro and Gal(alpha 1 leads to 6)Gal-(alpha 1 leads to 6)Gal(alpha 1 leads to 3)Gro(2 comes from 1 alpha Gal), respectively. In the lipid extract Glc(alpha 1 leads to 2), acyl leads to 6Glc(alpha 1 leads to 3)acyl2Gro and GroP leads to 6Glc(alpha 1 leads to 2), acyl leads to 6Glc(alpha 1 leads to 3) acyl2Gro were also observed. This set of compounds is proposed to constitute a biosynthetic series reflecting the individual steps in the synthesis of the lipoteichoic acid of Streptococcus lactis Kiel 42172 which is made up by the same lipid anchor and a non-classical poly(galabiosyl, galactosyl glycerophosphate)-chain (Koch, H.U. and Fischer, W. (1978) Biochemistry 17, 5275--5281).

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1979

[Attempted suicide and care channels: towards a comprehension of therapeutic measures].

The authors study the various aspects of the 484 attempts of suicide examined over the year 1974 at the Psychiatric Policlinic of the Geneva Cantonal Hospital. After having established the specific data inherent to this population, the main object of this paper consists in studying the different kinds of previous treatments given and their reconduction or modification following the suicide attempt. The influence of both the "suicidal story" and further parameters is approached. Some learnings as to the therapy to be applied are drawn from the results achieved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Diabetic polyneuropathy. 4. Synopsis of electroneurographic findings in diabetics].

Sensory conduction velocity of the median nerve, motor conduction velocity of both median and tibial nerves, and corresponding distal laterncies are sufficient parameters to establish the diagnosis of polyneuropathy almost with certainty. Considering these six parameters yielded in detection of peripheral nerve dysfunction in 22% of diabetic patients who were free from clinical signs of polyneuropathy. Electroneurographical findings in 340 out of 677 patients with diabetes mellitus were interpreted as evidence of segmental demyelination. Within this group there was the majority of patients with clinical signs of polyneuropathy and with subclinical signs of peripheral nerve dysfunction. There existed a positive correlation between signs of nerve dysfunction with angiopathy, age and duration of the disease. A second group consisting of 243 diabetics with signs of incipient segmental demyelination with or without signs of axonaal degeneration mainly included juvenile patients with a short duration of the disease and with a low frequency of angiopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Reproduction following kidney transplantation (author's transl)].

Reported in this paper are the first two pregnancies and childbirths in the GDR following kidney transplantations. The point is made that pregnancy following kidney transplantation should remain to be a rare exception, though the courses were favourable in both cases described. Reference is made to most suitable forms of anticonception.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The influence of 2-acetylaminofluorene on the dietary induction of pentose phosphate pathway enzymes (author's transl)].

The influence of feeding 2-acetylaminofluorene on the dietary induction of the enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase by a fasting-refeeding regime was investigated in the liver of hooded rats. After feeding a diet containing 0,03% acetylaminofluorene for two weeks, the induced activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was diminished significantly; after feeding this carcinogen either for 4 weeks or for 4 weeks followed by feeding carcinogen-free diet for 2 weeks, the diminution of the induction was hardly perceptible. In case of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase the diminution of the induction was only slightly expressed, without statistical significance.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1979

[Time-dependent changes in the lactic acid level of ischemic muscle tissue under conditions of arterial embolism, simulated in animal experiments].

It may be summarized that under the condition of embolism in animal experiments the lactate level is significantly changed depending on the duration of ischemia. Thus, for judgement of a hypoxic damage of muscle tissue this parameter appears to be useful. A more precise analysis would be imaginable, when the degree of tissue damage could be stated according to a certain lactate level. For this, however, the reported results must be compared with a randomized series of human patients suffering from arterial embolism, since the present studies concern the muscles of rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[The diabetic polyneuropathy. I. Relation between impaired function in peripheral nerves and clinical findings].

789 patients with diabetes mellitus were studied by clinical and electroneurographical investigation. Motor and sensory conduction velocities of the median nerve and motor conduction velocity of the tibial nerve were determined. 86.1% of the patients suffered from juvenile diabetes, and 13.9% from maturity onset diabetes. Average duration of the disease was 9.5 years, average age of the patients was 26.7 years. Clinical signs of polyneuropathy were found in 19.1%. In 40.9% of the patients at least one of 3 conduction velocities was found to be delayed. Patients with clinical signs of polyneuropathy exhibited delayed nerve conduction velocities and delayed distal latencies. Diagnosis of polyneuropathy almost with certainty is possible by determining the three nerve conduction velocities and the three corresponding distal latencies. 22% of patients without clinical signs of polyneuropathy exhibited electroneurographical signs of impaired peripheral nerve function. Heredity, body weight, lipid metabolism, actual metabolic balance, and treatment were found to be without any significant influence on nerve conduction velocity.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The diabetic polyneuropathy. II. Polyneuropathy, angiopathy and nerve conduction velocity].

789 patients with diabetes mellitus were studied by clinical and electroneurographical examination. Motor conduction velocity of the median and the tibial nerve and sensory conduction of the median nerve were determined. 81.1% of the patients we suffering from diabetes which began in childhood or adolescence, 13.9% were suffering from maturity onset diabetes. Average duration of the disease was 9.5 years, average age was 26.7 years. Clinical signs of polyneuropathy were found in 19.1%. Typical findings were pain and paraesthesia, lack or abolition of triceps surae reflexes, impaired pallaesthesia on lower extremities. 48.3% of 151 patients with clinical signs of polyneuropathy were suffering from combined angiopathy, 32.5% from microangiopathy, 7.9% from macroangiopathy. Severity of complicating retinopathy and macroangio,athy were found to be correlated with polyneuropathy. 58.2% of 323 diabetics with at least one delayed nerve conduction velocity exhibited signs of angiopathy. In nearly 30% of children and adolescents after comparatively short duration of the disease at least one conduction velocity was delayed. In diabetic children and adolescents metabolic disturbances are assumed to cause peripheral nerve dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of epilepsy with clonazepam (Antelepsin)].

Clonazepam (Antelepsin) was tested on 179 patients in 8 institutions during a period of 180 days. 169 patients had been unsuccessfully treated with the usual standard medication and were additionally given Antelepsin. Typical absences and attacks of the West and Lennox syndromes yielded best to treatment with the drug, with favorable effects also being produced in cases of partial or focal epilepsy. The most important side-effect was tiredness, other collateral effects being balance disorders, sensations of dizziness, and musuclar weakness. The frequency of side-effects decreased in the course of therapy. In the electroencephalogram there was observed a significant increase in beta waves and a significant decrease in 3 Hz spike and wave complexes.

Benzodiazepinones↗
PubMed1979

[Diabetic polyneuropathy. 3. Electroneurographic findings in diabetics and their relationships to age and duration of diabetes].

Nerve conduction velocities were determined in patients with diabetes mellitus: motor conduction of the median nerve in 778 patients, sensory conduction of the median nerve in 680 patients and motor conduction of the tibial nerve in 745 patients. In 40.9% out of 778 patients at least one of the three nerve conduction velocities were found within pathological ranges. 30.4% of 227 patients below 19 years of age in whom the duration of the disease did not exceed four years exhibited at least one delayed nerve conduction velocity. Clinical signs of polyneuropathy in children and in adolescents below 19 years of age are rare (0.6%). In contrast delayed nerve conduction velocities were found in 29.4%. Metabolic disturbance of peripheral nerve function is assumed to be responsible in these patients, for angiopathy in children and adolescents is very rare too.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Progress in prevention and control of urological complications associated with carcinoma of the cervix. Third communication: Renographic representation of functional disorders of the upper urinary tract (author's transl)].

Reported in this paper is the use of isotope nephrography in longitudinal examinations of 151 patients with cervix carcinoma who had undergone radical abdominal or vaginal surgery in the Gynaecological Hospital of Charité Berlin, between 1971 and 1973. Also included were 140 patients whose carcinoma treatment dated back nine to 15 years. While functional disturbances of the upper urinary tract within the five-year follow-up period dropped continuously from about 29 to five per cent in recent time, persisting disorders of secretion and/or ureteral dynamics recorded in ING checks from 16.4 per cent of earlier carcinoma treatments. The number of pathological isotope nephrograms recorded presurgically from patients who eventually died of recurrent carcinoma had been five times as high (49 per cent) as that recorded from cured patients. Only to some extent had those findings been attributable to the given carcinoma stage. Routine ING (isotope nephrography) also helped to identify nine cases of carcinoma recurrence, and its systematic use facilitated just as many decisions on fistulation of the functionally better kidney in cases of imminent anuria (uraemia). Yet, as a whole voiding disorders of the upper urinary tracts have decreased in the authors' hospital, as compared to records in the past. That improved situations is attributed to progress in carcinoma therapy but even more to energetic early action against urinary tract infections and postsurgical impairment of bladder voiding as well as to high-continuity monitoring of renal and ureteral functions. ING, today, deserves a firm position in all after-care programmes following treatment of cervical carcinoma.

Female↗