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Biomedical subjects

W Fischer

Publications and source records attributed to W Fischer.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Metabolism of etofenamate / Identification and analytic of metabolites, their pharmacological properties and species dependence of metabolism (author's transl)].

After oral application of etofenamate to animals (rat, rabbit, dog, monkey) unchanged etofenamate and numerous metabolites are found in urine. Analytical properties (thin-layer chromatographic behavior, UV- and fluorescence data) of etofenamate, 5-hydroxy-, 4'-hydroxy, 5,4'-dihydroxy-etofenamate, flufenamic acid, 5-hydroxy-, 4'-hydroxy-, 5,4'-dihydroxy-flufenamic acid are described. Derivatives of etofenamate and flufenamic acid are excreted by rabbit, dog, monkey and man, whereas flufenamic acid derivatives are excreted preferentially by rats; profound degradation takes place in dogs. Metabolism in man is more similar to monkey than to dog and rodents. Metabolic pattern after oral and cutaneous application is quite similar. The six hydroxy derivatives have no pharmacological activity--they do not contribute to the pharmacological action of the substance.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Follow-up examination of neurotic patients after dynamic group therapy with the FPI and a change questionnaire].

On the basis of the FPI and a questionnaire about the occurrence of changes the therapeutic effects of a dynamic group psychotherapy were checked. 63.6 per cent of the patient showed positive results in the FPI after four months. In some checkups (13 months after the end of the therapy) 40 per cent of these FPI patients also showed positive social changes while in 23.3 per cent no or negative changes in the social sphere were found. The 36.7 per cent FPI-negative patients fall into 16.7 per cent socially positive and 20 per cent unchanged or negative patients. The study shows that there is no verified agreement between the results of FPI and the behaviour in the social sphere.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Dependence of adaptation behavior of receptor neurons on current intensity].

The slowly adapting stretch receptor neuron exhibits a marked spike adaptation. In the present paper the dependence of the adaptation time constants and other parameters from the stimulus intensity or the stationary discharge frequency was investigated. In general, the adaptation in response to an intracellular current step is sufficiently approximated by the sum of two exponential terms. A transformation of the parameters measured to a feed back subsystem, which describes the effect of the ionic pump, was performed, too. Proceeding from these data, a generalizing conclusion is that the time constants decrease nearly hyperbolically with increasing stationary impulse frequency. This results in a nearly constant product of carrier frequency and adequate time constant. With regard to the degree of adaptation a marked saturation characteristic appears. In qualitative terms, these effects have to be explained mainly by the properties of the ionic pump and its dependence on the concrete in concentrations.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1981

[Indication for and methods of sling operations (author's transl)].

Sling operations are considered to be highly dependable approaches to stress incontinence. While they used to reserved primarily for recurrent incontinence, in the past, today, they often are applied as primary approach, either alone or in conjunction with uterus extirpation. The reasons underlying such change are explained by the present and past distributions of operations for incontinence at the Gyneacological Hospital of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Indications can now be established with higher accuracy due to the availability of urometry. Urge incontinence or combined stress-urge incontinence with predominance of the urge component as well as assisted detrusor micturation are contra-indications. Useful information sometimes, may be derived from the presence of uninhibited detrusor contractions provoked by means of a Foley catheter. If at least some improvement is to be achieved of predominant stress incontinence, synthetic sling material should not be used. In the context of surgical peculiarities, neck is underlined for removing cystoceles and adjusting the sling to the bladder neck region. Diazepam, alpha-receptor blocker and/or cholinergics should be used to handle postoperative disorders of micturition. Postoperative urine flow studies are of limited value. Successful micturition without residual urine is the decisive criterion by which to measure the result of a sling approach. Sling operations should be confined to large well equipped and properly staffed hospitals for the diagnostic input involved, surgical peculiarities, and risk of postoperative disorders of micturition.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Reduced induction of pyruvate kinase after feeding 2-acetylaminofluorene.

After administration of carcinogens to laboratory animals reduced induction of some enzymes has been found which is believed to be associated with the carcinogenic process. It is suggested that this effect may be used for the testing of chemical substances for carcinogenicity. For this purpose the dietary induction of pyruvate kinase in rat liver was investigated after feeding 2-acetylaminofluorene. The induced activity in the animals fed the carcinogen was found to be significantly lower than in the control, however, the extent of this reduction was too low to be used for testing chemical substances for carcinogenicity.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1980

[Echocardiographic diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis (authors' transl)].

Five cases of bacterial endocarditis are reported to illustrate typical findings in the echo-cardiogram. Serial echocardiograms provide a non-invasive method of determining localisationand extent of vegetations or lesions, as well as haemodynamic changes. This facilitates early consideration of possible surgical valve replacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Analytical methods and in vitro studies with acemetacin].

1. Analytical methods (isolation, TLC, UV-spectroscopic and preferably fluorimetric determination) of [1-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-acetoxy] acetic acid (acemetacin, TV 1322, Rantudil), its analogues, hydrolysis-products and metabolites from biological material are described. 2. Stability is also dealt with. Hydrolysis of the p-chlorobenzoyl group results in strongly fluorescing compounds and can be used in determination of acemetacin, indometacin and derivatives 3. Proof is given that in in vitro studies, such as e.g. Mizushima's protein turbidity test or the test for inhibition of prostaglandin-synthetase, only intact acemetacin (and none of its potential break-down products) is present and is active. 4. In in vitro studies, such as the inhibition of total complement and of the increase in activity of serum sulfhydryl groups, acemetacin and a series of its salts proved to be at least as effective as indometacin. 5. In comparing protein binding, acemetacin, like indometacin, is found to bind strongly to albumin. The portion of free, non-protein bound acemetacin, which thus remains available for the pharmacological action, is found to be approx. 60% higher than the corresponding portion of free indometacin.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of acemetacin in man (author's transl)].

Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of [1-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-acetoxy]-acetic acid (acemetacin, TV 1322, Rantudil) in comparison to equimolar doses of indometacin was investigated in human volunteers after a single oral application and in rheumatic patients after multiple application. After multiple application (t.i.d. for 10 days) of equimolar doses of acemetacin and indometacin, mean blood level curves. The bioavailability of acemetacin derived from these data, corresponds to that of indometacin, i.e., approx. 100%, whereas after a single dose bioavailability of acemetcin is found to be smaller (66% from blood level, 64% from urine). This difference between single and multiple application is explained by slow filling-up of compartments. Degradation of acemetacin occurs by esterolytic cleavage to indometacin, by O-demethylation and N-desacylation and by partial conjugation of all these compounds to glucuronic acid. Blood level ratios of acemetacin and indometacin are equal after single and after multiple application of acemetacin. Therefore, degradation of acemetacin is not induced after multiple application. After a steady-state has been reached half-life of elimination is 4.5 +/- 2.8 h, which is longer than for indometacin (2.2 +/- 0.5 h). Interindividual differences are in the same range as described for indometacin.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1980

[Studies of the effect of 2,3-dioxoindolin (isatin) in comparison with serotonin on the isolated guinea pig ileum].

In preparations of the isolated guinea-pig ileum 2,3-dioxoindoline shows a dose-dependent stimulating activity. In a contraction range between 5 x 10(-5) to 2 x 10(-3) moles/l this compound is spasmogenic and causes concentration (pD2 = 3.3). Prolonged contact time of higher concentrations of isatin results in a reduction of excitation and a relaxation of the ileum. An additive synergism is seen in combined treatment with serotonin. Pretreatment with serotonin antagonists reduces the stimulating effect of isatin. Quantitative differences in inhibition by dihydroergotamine and benzyloxygramine in contrast to morphine or atropine actions provided evidence that the stimulating activity of isatin is mainly mediated through the "D" receptors on the smooth muscle cells. Besides its stimulating effect isatin also exhibits blocking activity when tested against 5-HT (ACh). In high concentration (> 2 mmoles/l) isatin is able to antagonize--after only 2 min of pre-incubation--responses to 5-HT completely. In this range dose-response curves become progressively flatter and their maxima decline in a non-competitive way.

Animals↗