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Biomedical subjects

U Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to U Schmidt.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effect of lupines, a protein-rich legume, on iron absorption.

The absorption of iron from lupines, a protein-rich legume, was assessed in 35 parous Indian women. Iron bioavailability was shown to be as low for lupines as soybeans (geometric mean absorptions 0.9 and 1.7 per cent respectively, P less than 0.005). The addition of 30 mg of ascorbic acid moderately improved the geometric mean iron absorption from 1.0 to 5.3 per cent (P less than 0.0001), and 60 mg ascorbic acid from 0.7 to 6.9 per cent (P less than 0.0001). The phytate and polyphenol content of lupines was negligible. The demonstration of poor iron bioavailability from a legume of otherwise rich nutritional potential has important implications in nutritional planning programmes for developing countries.

Dietary Proteins↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnostic significance of quantitative iron determination in gastric mucosa in iron overload].

The iron content of liver and gastric mucosa was quantitatively examined by means of atomic absorption spectrometry in 36 patients with iron overload (22 with idiopathic haemochromatosis, 14 with therapy-resistant anaemia) and in 17 subjects without anomaly of iron metabolism. Diagnostically evaluable iron deposits in gastric mucosa were only found in severe iron overload. In this case it was correlated with the hepatic iron content, and was indicative of iron-related disturbances also in other organs. The quantitative iron determination represents a diagnostic enlargement. It is indicated, if simple noninvasive methods are failing, and it should never be omitted in suspected iron overload, whenever other reasons as well are demanding gastroscopy.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1988

Double-nuclide study of the myocardium using 201Tl and 123I-labeled fatty acids in non-ischemic myocardial diseases.

Metabolic impairment and perfusion abnormalities are known to occur in hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and in cardiomyopathies. Free fatty acid (FFA) extraction is severely inhibited in a number of pathobiochemical reactions. This parameter was assessed using the radiolabeled FFA analogue 123I-(p-iodo-phenyl-)-pentadecanoic acid (IPPA) and 201Tl as perfusion marker, both of them injected at maximal physical workload. The regional extraction fraction of IPPA (IPPA-EF) was estimated by relating the regional IPPA and 201Tl uptake to each other. In HHD (normal coronary arteries) with posterior wall thickness less than or equal to 12 mm IPPA-EF was 77 +/- 18% (SD) in septum and 92 +/- 17% in the posterolateral wall (N = 13), with thickness of greater than 12 mm 60 +/- 23% in septum and 61 +/- 20% in the posterolateral wall (N = 8) when compared with IPPA-EF in normal subjects (= 100%, N = 9). In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) IPPA-EF averaged 51 +/- 20% in septum and 87 +/- 10% in the posterolateral wall (N = 11). In these patient groups no systematic regional changes in 201TI uptake were observed. In dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) both IPPA-EF and 201Tl uptake showed distinct regional variations and a great interindividual variability with a mean IPPA-EF reduction of 12% (N = 9). Thus, IPPA uptake in primarily non-ischemic myocardial disease may already be compromised when 201Tl uptake is unchanged. The double-nuclide method for IPPA-EF determination allows to eliminate the influence of flow in FFA imaging and enhances the potential of scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of HHD versus coronary artery disease.

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1987

[Atypical congenital dyserythropoietic anemia].

The case is presented of a 26-year-old male patient suffering from chronic anemia since infancy. At age 12 (1972), congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) was diagnosed which could not be grouped with one of the three known variants of CDA. From onset the disease was complicated by thrombocytopenia with severe hemorrhagic diathesis. After splenectomy (1972) an extremely enlarged accessory spleen was removed in 1985 disclosing, histologically, excessively developed extramedullary hematopoiesis. Since bone marrow biopsy showed massive hyperplasia, the cellular phase of a myeloproliferative syndrome could not be excluded by histology alone.--Only a few cases of CDA with involvement of granulocytes and megakaryocytes have been reported so far. It is not clear whether or not they should be classed with CDA. In any event, involvement of granulopoiesis and/or thrombopoiesis indicates a genetic lesion of very early precursors, perhaps stem cells. It is proposed that such variants would be more correctly designated "congenital dyshematopoietic syndromes".

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Late complication in chronic lymphatic leukemia].

In a 44 year old patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia and secondary antibody deficiency syndrome, a disorder of articulation and a left hemiparesis developed during a thrombocytopenic phase. Computer tomography of the cranium, CSF diagnostics and the electroencephalogram did not provide any indication for the cause of the rapidly progressive cerebral symptoms. In the NMR tomogram, a diffusedly increasing intensity in the T2-weighted tomograms were shown around the central region in the right brain. The patient died of a Pseudomonas septicemia. At autopsy, a typical finding of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy was found in the areas altered in the NMR tomography. Papova-like virions could be demonstrated in glial cells by electron microscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Biorhythmic changes of plasma histamine levels in healthy volunteers.

The plasma histamine levels were reported to increase in early hours of the morning in asthmatic patients. It was supposed that this phenomenon would also be observed in normal volunteers. In this study using twelve normal healthy volunteers the plasma histamine levels were examined in a pharmacokinetic manner. It could be shown that plasma histamine levels flow biorhythmic changes with 3 maxima and 3 minima. The acrophases of the maxima are 12.77 +/- 0.61, 19.33 +/- 0.78 and 5.42 +/- 1.83 h. The most important rise in plasma histamine levels was found in the early hours of the morning representing about 55% of the total histamine available in plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Inhibition of intestinal diamine oxidase by detergents: a problem for drug formulations with water insoluble agents applied by the intravenous route?

One hundred and twenty four water-insoluble drugs were included in a study for their action on diamine oxidase (DAO) after solubilization with 61 detergents. 16 detergents were themselves not water-soluble and were not further investigated. A further 3 detergents affected the extraction procedure and 7 of the remaining 42 detergents themselves inhibited the activity of canine intestinal DAO in vitro. Only 5 detergents fulfilled all prerequisites for our DAO assay, including the solubilization of 76 water-insoluble drugs. Each of these 5 detergents had an individual range of suitability in our test system. 3/76 drugs inhibited DAO in concentrations up to 10(-3) M. This result is in contrast to our study with water-soluble substances, where 16% were DAO inhibitors. Since detergents can block the enzyme which is responsible for histamine catabolism, some of the observed adverse reactions to drugs could arise because of the presence of such detergents in the formulation.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1987

Misoprostol prevents damage to the gastric mucosa by stabilizing the mast cells.

Prostaglandins have been shown to prevent the damage to the gastric and intestinal mucosa which has been induced by diverse necrotizing substances. These damaging stimuli increase the liberation of histamine from mast cells. Because of its well known effects on cellular permeability, histamine may serve the initial stimulus for mediating cellular damage. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of misoprostol, a synthetic PGE1 analog, on tissue histamine concentration and mast cell counts after damage to the gastric mucosa induced by stress, histamine, aspirin and concentrated ethanol in guinea pigs. Misoprostol or its matching placebo were administered intragastrically 3 minutes prior to the ulcerogenic stimulus. After the induction of the injury, the animals were sacrificed, stomachs were examined for ulceration. Gastric and duodenal histamine concentrations were determined. Mast cells from these organs were stained and counted. All four ulcerogenic stimuli resulted in significant gastric ulcer formation. This ulcerogenic action was accompanied by a significant decrease in mucosal histamine concentration and mast cell counts. Misoprostol induced a dose-dependent inhibition of gastric damage, histamine depletion and mast cell destruction. These results indicate that the stabilization of mast cells by misoprostol is an important mechanism for its mucosal protective effects against ulcerogens.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1987

[Clarifying the pathophysiologic mechanism of food allergy].

Various lymphocyte populations, dendritic cells and macrophages contribute to the intake of antigen. The transportation of antigen in the intestinal wall is possible with the help of receptive endocytosis, including extracellular protein in fluid droplets, bacterial and vegetable toxins, as well as certain viruses, which seem to be able to penetrate the cell membrane and enter directly into the cell. Own investigations: After endoscope controlled allergy-irritation of the gastro-intestinal tract, 20 people used in the clinical test showed acute signs of mucosal reaction with inflammation and swelling of the mucous membrane as well as haemorrhagic lesions. A histamine release from the mastcell was proved.

Antigens↗