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Biomedical subjects

U Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to U Schmidt.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The hematocrit values and hemoglobin content of blood and the level of total protein, free fatty acids, glucose, lactate, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Pa, Fe, Fe-binding capacity, Cu and Zn in the blood plasma of newborn calves and their mothers immediately after birth].

Blood samples were collected from 22 calves in three weight classes (A: 29.3 +/- 0.5 kg, B: 36.0 +/- 1.3 kg, C: 42.7 +/- 3.7 kg), 1-3 minutes after parturition and prior to uptake of foremilk as well as 24-26 hours after parturition. Other blood samples were collected from 45 calves, 5-60 minutes after parturition, and from their mothers, 3-5 or 5-60 minutes from calving. Haematocrit and haemoglobin in the blood of the calves, immediately after parturition, were higher the values recorded from adult cattle. Major differences were found to exist between individual calves regarding total protein of blood plasma. Protein levels in 14 calves were below 50 g/l, within 24-26 hours from parturition. Free fatty acids in blood plasma of calves were lower than those in cattle, 1-3 minutes from parturition, and were higher, 5-60 minutes from parturition. Glucose levels in Group C were higher than those in A and B, 1-3 minutes postpartum. Lactate in Group C was higher than that in B. An account is also given of blood plasma levels of Ca, Pa, Mg, Na, K, Cu, and Zn.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Spinal meningioma].

The report contains an evaluation of the results obtained from the clinical examinations of 173 patients with surgically treated spinal meningiomas at the Leipzig Neurosurgical Clinic in the years 1953 to 1985. Particular attention is given to the case history, the initial symptoms, findings at the patient's admission to the clinic, instrumental findings, location, and many other factors. Our own results are compared as far as possible with the respective statements in the international literature. The distribution of the blood groups of the respective patients are also taken into consideration. Particularly noteworthy is the internationally confirmed long period of time between the appearance of the first symptoms and the surgical exposure, a period that should in any case be cut down, in order to ensure a positive use of modern instrumental methods in diagnostics and therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Ferrokinetic studies with Fe-59 in idiopathic hemochromatosis and other forms of iron overload].

Conventional ferrokinetic studies were done in patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis, secondary siderosis of the liver and iron overload in consequence of sideroblastic or aplastic anaemia. By means of the isotope 59Fe we determined the clearance of radioiron from the plasma, the plasma iron turnover, the utilization of iron by the erythropoesis and the iron uptake by the liver. The later value showed a good correlation with the iron content of the liver determined by atomic absorption spectrometry as well in patients with hemochromatosis as in patients with secondary siderosis of the liver. The 59Fe uptake by the liver was normal in treated hemochromatosis. There was no correlation between the degree of the iron overload and the 59Fe uptake by the liver in patients with anaemia.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibodies neutralizing mammalian DNA topoisomerase I activity.

We have isolated three different monoclonal antibodies specific for mammalian type-I DNA topoisomerase. The antibodies react with three closely adjacent epitopes located in a central section of the enzyme (between amino acid residues 344 and 483). Two of the antibodies inhibit an early step of the nicking/closing pathway. We provide evidence showing that the antibodies do not block the association of the enzyme with DNA. The antibodies are useful for immunocytochemical investigation and for further exploration of the biochemical function of mammalian type-I DNA topoisomerase.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

[Ultrastructural findings in tissue mast cells in urticaria pigmentosa].

In a study on 10 patients suffering from urticaria pigmentosa, biopsies of skin lesions were electron microscopically investigated. In contrast to normal skin, the mast cells showed irregular, partly bilobed nuclei, prominent nucleoli, hypogranulation, and rather small granules; giant granules were rarely observed. In addition, we frequently found degranulation, and the development of microvilli was much more prominent than with normal mast cells. These deviations from normal skin represent at least in part functional alterations. However, some of the findings suggest that urticaria pigmentosa may be considered a neoplastic disease of the tissue mast cells, although clear evidence is still lacking. In any case, our findings show that mast cells in mastocytosis are not identical with those in normal skin.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1988

Instability of xenotransplanted soft tissue sarcomas. Morphologic and flow cytometric results.

Human tumors transplanted into nude mice are widely considered to be identical to the tumor of origin. In addition, high histologic constancy of xenografts over many passages is generally accepted. We have checked these prerequisites for a therapy-orientated application of the nude mouse model using soft tissue sarcomas. Twenty-two primary soft tissue sarcomas and their xenografts were compared histologically and flow cytometrically over numerous passages. More than 30% of transplants showed a variation in cell differentiation, cell content, frequency of mitosis, tendency to necrotize, and connective tissue content compared to the original tumor. Furthermore, transplants from various regions in one tumor showed divergent results. Analyses of serial transplants showed histologic and flow cytometrical discrepancies in about 50% of cases, and new cell lines occurred in 26%. Our results show that the genetic instability found in human neoplasias also applies to xenotransplants and that the therapy-related usefulness of the nude mouse model is limited.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The influence of early odour experience on the neural response of the olfactory bulb in laboratory mice.

In mice (strain NMRI) the influence of olfactory rearing conditions on the ontogenetic development of the bulbar electroencephalogram (EEG) was investigated. The cages of control animals were perfused continually with filtered air, whereas in the three experimental groups geraniol was added to the atmosphere at different times (group G0-13, from birth till day 13; group G0-6, from birth till day 6; group G6-12, from day 6 till day 12). At various ages the EEG of the bulbus olfactorius was studied by means of permanently implanted tungsten electrodes, and the neural response to nest odour and geraniol (10(-2) vol. %) was recorded. No differences were found between the groups regarding the overall development of the bulbar EEG, nor did the raising conditions affect the neural response to nest odour. However, in groups G0-13 and G6-12 a marked response to the odour of geraniol was recorded, while in the controls and the individuals that had experienced geraniol only during their first week of life, the bulbar response to this odourant did not differ from that obtained following stimulation with clean air. In the animals of group G0-13, which were investigated as adults (day 70), the prominent geraniol response was still recordable 2 months after the last contact with the odour. These results indicate that odours experienced during a sensitive period in the nest evoke neuronal alterations in the olfactory system of the mouse that facilitate processing of a known odourant.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

[Change in the course of blindness in childhood].

In the course of the 20th century there have been major changes in the causes of blindness in childhood. This is illustrated by the example of the 1271 children born between 1885 and 1976 who attended the Bavarian State School for the Blind. The following developments became apparent: Until 1940 the most common cause of blindness, accounting for 25% of the cases, was corneal disease, almost exclusively of infectious origin. This cause has been reduced most, to 2%. There has also been a clear reduction in blindness due to anterior uveitis (mainly due to infection) and chorioretinitis. There were fewer such cases -5% and 3%, respectively. Since the 1960s there have been no further cases of blindness due to ocular injury in children, and no case of sympathetic ophthalmia has occurred since 1950. While the incidence of congenital cataract and buphthalmos has remained constant, they now only lead to blindness in a small proportion of those affected, thanks to improvements in therapy. The incidence of blindness caused by retinal detachment, usually associated with myopia, is also unchanged, though rare (2-3%). The same applies to bilateral retinoblastoma, while the frequency of optic nerve atrophy (20%) and tapetoretinal degeneration (16-19%) has remained both constant and high. There has been a drastic increase in ocular malformations and developmental anomalies. These include retrolental fibroplasia, which was responsible for blindness in 38% of the children born between 1967 and 1976. Overall, there has been a major reduction in the number of blind children in the population since the 1960s and especially since the 1970s.

Blindness↗
PubMed1988

Electron-microscopic characterization of mixed granulated (hybridoid) leucocytes of chronic myeloid leukaemia.

In chronic granulocytic leukaemia, hybridoid leucocytes can regularly be found. Light microscopically they contain a mixture of eosinophilic, basophilic and naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase-positive granules. The present study was done to clarify the ultrastructural composition of these cells. It could be clearly shown that in some leukaemic granulocytes primary and secondary eosinophilic as well as basophilic granules occur side by side. There were also basophils with additional tissue mast cell granules. Since normal mast cell granules as well as granules of normal eosinophilic promyelocytes are naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase-positive, it would appear possible that mastocytoid as well as primary eosinophilic granules within the leukaemic basophils are responsible for the atypical, granular naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase-positivity of these cells. The existence in chronic myeloid leukaemia both of mixed basophilic and eosinophilic granulated leucocytes and of mixed basophilic and mastocytoid granulated leucocytes may suggest a common myeloid precursor of eosinophils, basophils and tissue mast cells. In addition, the hybridoid granulocytes may be considered an expression of a neoplasia-related lineage infidelity.

Basophils↗
PubMed1988

Two cases of hypomania in AIDS.

HIV disease often leads to neuropsychiatric disturbance, either through direct infection of the brain by the virus or through CNS disease secondary to immunodeficiency. Neuropsychiatric complications of AIDS and AIDS-related disorders may present clinically as acute or chronic organic mental syndromes, or may mimic functional psychiatric illness, in particular depression, anxiety, or psychotic states. Two cases of hypomanic states in homosexual men suffering from AIDS are reported. Neither of the two men had a personal or family history of affective disorder. In one man, hypomanic symptoms were caused by early HIV encephalopathy; he rapidly developed typical HIV dementia with a marked downhill course. In the second case, a clear connection between the hypomanic symptoms and direct HIV brain involvement was not established.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Pathogen spectrum of non-gonorrhea urethritis].

By cultural investigations in 333 males with non-gonorrhoical urethritis (NGU) and 158 control probands it was demonstrated that Chlamydia trachomatis is the main germ of this disease also in the GDR with a frequency of 40% of the cases. A chlamydia-negative NGU was caused in 15% by Ureaplasma urealyticum in a number of greater than or equal to 10(4) germs/ml urine and in 5% by Trichomonas vaginalis, respectively. Candida albicans occurred significant more frequently in the patient group (21%) than in the control group (4%). Other optional pathogenic bacterias were the cause of NGU in single cases. The diagnosis and therapy of NGU should be considered this germ spectrum and the sexual partner also.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1988

[Sperm function tests].

Basing on the newer literature a survey is given concerning several methods of functional characterization of the spermatozoa. The evaluation of sperm movement characteristics, the examination of sperm-cervical mucus interaction in vitro, the zona-free hamster egg penetration test and the measurement of adenosine triphosphate levels may provide clinically valuable information. The combination of information from the conventional semen analysis with these tests of sperm function was accurate in predicting the in vivo fertilizing ability of an ejaculate. The tests are more technique consuming and expensive, therefore they are not widely available in the andrological practice.

Female↗