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Biomedical subjects

U Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to U Schmidt.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The determination of the density of the tissue in selected muscles of normal subjects--a prerequisite to the computed tomographic diagnosis of myopathies].

Radio-density analysis of selected muscles of normal probands exhibited differences in dependence on age and sex of the probands. Men have a higher muscle density than women. With increasing age muscle densities decrease but with different extent for various muscles. The main value for the decreasing muscle density is 2 HE in 10 years. Well trained sportsmen exhibit slightly increased densities with a significant decreased range of derivations from the mean values. That means their muscles show a more homogeneous density distribution than the controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical studies of the possible antimycotic effects of the Helix pomatia lectin anti-AHP].

In a pilot study the antimycetic effect of the lectin anti-AHP in 40 patients suffering from different mycoses was studied. The treatment with an aqueous solution of anti-AHP resulted in a complete healing in 15 of 40 cases and in 16 patients in a remarkable improvement, whereas in 9 cases such an effect has not been observed. The mode of operations remains still unknown, possible actions of anti-AHP on fungi and stratum corneum are discussed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

The promotive effect of soy sauce on iron absorption in human subjects.

The effects on iron absorption of a traditionally fermented Japanese soy sauce added to soy and rice meals were assessed. The addition of soy sauce to a soy flour meal could not overcome the strong inhibition of iron absorption (geometric mean absorption 7.2 per cent with soy sauce vs. 8.7 per cent without, P = 0.5). However, soy sauce added to a rice meal instead of soy flour significantly improved the geometric mean iron absorption (13.9 per cent with soy sauce vs. 5.2 per cent with soy flour, P = 0.002) and had a promotory effect on absorption from a rice meal alone (11.4 per cent with soy sauce vs. 3.5 per cent without, P = 0.0002). Although soy sauce contains appreciable amounts of organic acids, the addition of 340 mg lactic acid to rice did not enhance iron absorption (3.1 per cent with lactic acid vs. 2.2 per cent without, P = 0.11). The promotory effect of soy sauce on iron absorption appears to be due not only to its lack of soy protein content but may also be due to the presence of fermentation products other than organic acids.

Biological Availability↗
PubMed1989

Expression of the small cell carcinoma antigens of cluster-5 and cluster-5A in primary lung tumours.

The expression of the small cell carcinoma (SCLC) antigens cluster-5 (antibody LAM8) and cluster-5A (antibody SWA20) was examined on a panel of routinely processed biopsy or surgical specimens of 290 lung tumours by immunoperoxidase staining. Antigen expression was largely restricted to SCLC. Of over 150 tissue samples evaluated, moderate or strong antigen expression was found in 49% (cluster-5) and 45% (cluster-5A). Concordance in expression of the two antigens was seen in 71% of SCLC samples, with 35% expressing both antigens strongly, 8% moderately and 28% being negative for both antigens. Antigen expression was independent of the morphological subtype of SCLC. Primary lung tumours of other histology, including squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, mesothelioma or carcinoid had no significant antigen expression. Of 135 tumours, strong or moderate expression of both antigens was seen only in two cases. 20%, mostly carcinoids, were weakly positive for cluster 5 and 4% for cluster 5A antigen. The remainder were antigen negative. No significant antigen expression was seen in 25 normal lung tissues. The membrane antigens of SCLC cluster 5 and 5A are markers for SCLC and their expression in tissues is tumour-associated.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1989

Difference between species in response to a 3,5-dichloropyridyloxyphenoxy compound: induction of cytochrome P-450 and/or peroxisome proliferation.

In toxicological studies, the test compound FOE 3440 A, a [(3,5-dichloro-2-pyridyl)oxy]phenoxypropanoate with herbicidal properties, produced a severe increase in weight and an intensive induction of monoxygenases activity in the mouse, but not in the rat. Comparative subacute studies were performed with oral administration of 0, 5, 20 and, in some instances, 80 mg kg-1 body weight to mice, rats, hamsters, dogs and rhesus monkeys. Liver enzyme activities were measured. The evaluation of the enzyme activity results showed an unusually severe dose-related induction of the monooxygenases [7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (EOD), 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EOR) and aldrin epoxidase (ALD)] in the mouse and a much weaker reaction in the other species tested. This exceptional position of the mouse was also demonstrated in vitro by a cytochrome P-450 interaction (inhibition of ALD). The primary metabolite of FOE 3440 A produced a distinct inhibition of the ALD in mice liver microsomes. There were no interactions for the other species. Tests for this cytochrome P-450 interaction using microsomes from three different human livers gave no indications of an inhibition in any case. The 'phenoxypropanoic acid' moiety of FOE 3440 A is structurally similar to the pharmaceutical clofibrate, a familiar model substance for peroxisome proliferation. In order to answer the question of whether peroxisome proliferation is the second mechanism for affecting liver, the carnitine acetyl transferase activity (CA-T), a marker enzyme for peroxisome proliferation, was determined in all liver samples from the comparative species studies. The most striking result of the measurement of CA-T activity was the very large increase in the male rat in the low dose group of 5 mg kg-1. Lesser increases in the CA-T activity were measured in the female rat, the mouse, and also in the 20 mg kg-1 group of the hamster. By comparison, the changes of the activity in dog and monkey were very small. Comparative studies in mouse and hamster using a model substance described in the literature (1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy]-benzene (TCPOBOP] indicated that the '3,5-dichloropyridyloxy' moiety of FOE 3440 A is responsible for the induction of the monooxygenases in the mouse and the 'phenoxypropanoic acid' moiety for the peroxisome proliferation in rodents.

7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase↗
PubMed1989

Exposure plus prevention of bingeing vs. exposure plus prevention of vomiting in bulimia nervosa. A crossover study.

In a crossover study, 11 bulimic patients divided into two groups of six and five patients underwent six sessions of exposure and response prevention of bingeing (ERPB) or exposure and response prevention of vomiting (ERPV) over 3 weeks. After a buffer period of 3 weeks, they were crossed over to six sessions of the other treatment. High drop-out rates, particularly during the ERPB phases, precluded full use of the crossover design. The two treatments yielded similar reduction in binge-vomit frequencies and in other between-session measures. Within-session measures, however, showed significant differences between the two treatments. ERPB was less time-consuming and led to greater reductions of urges to binge, anxiety, and liking of food. Overall improvement of patients in both groups was reasonable and further supports the usefulness of exposure techniques in the treatment of bulimic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effects of fish oil capsules in two dosages on blood pressure, platelet functions, haemorheological and clinical chemistry parameters in apparently healthy subjects.

The effects of a fish oil concentrate with an omega-3 fatty acid content of 42% was determined in two dosages in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with a parallel group comparison over a period of 5 weeks with 30 healthy subjects. The daily intake chosen was four and eight capsules corresponding to 1.26 or 2.52 g omega-3 fatty acids. Plasma viscosity, erythrocyte rigidity and systolic blood pressure were significantly decreased (p less than 0.01) after a 5-week administration of 2.52 g omega-3 fatty acid daily. The reduction in vitamin E concentration was significant (p less than 0.01) only in the low-dose fish oil group. Lipids and lipoproteins remained unchanged throughout this experiment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Erythrocyte ferritin in patients with normal and abnormal iron metabolism].

Erythrocyte and serum ferritin was determined in 36 patients with different pictures of diseases and under bleeding therapy in idiopathic haemochromatosis (IH). With latent iron deficiency there was no significant difference in the ferritin content of erythrocytes in comparison with the control group. The intraerythrocyte ferritin content in idiopathic haemochromatosis is always increased and will normalize under bleeding therapy as well serum ferritin. After disrupting the therapy the ferritin content in erythrocytes will more rapidly increase again than in the serum. Increased erythrocyte ferritin could be identified in patients with anaemia due to ineffective erythropoiesis.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1989

[Bioequivalence of an optimized doxycycline preparation].

The galenically optimized and pharmaceutically balanced doxycycline preparation Sigadoxin was compared with a reference preparation according to the new "Criteria for testing of the bioavailability and bioequivalence of doxycycline-containing products" recommended by the Central Laboratory of German Pharmacists. The statistical evaluation of the AUC and Cmax of the trial preparations and the urinary excretion rates from commercial production batches, which were of good quality in accordance with the present state of pharmaceutical knowledge, showed the comparable bioavailability of the two preparations, which can thus be considered as bioequivalent. The AUC and Cmax for the trial preparation were 44.9 mg/l and 2.87 mg/l, respectively. For the reference preparation the values for these parameters were 50.3 mg/l and 3.19 mg/l, respectively. The relative bioavailability, based on the AUC, was 89.3%.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Primary cutaneous granulomatous alternariosis].

We report on a case of primary cutaneous granulomatous alternariosis on the forearm of a 65-year-old man who is otherwise in a good health. Histological examination revealed a predominantly histiocytic granuloma with numerous large cells containing fragments of fungi. The granuloma contained septate fungal hyphae and macroconidiospores. By means of macro- and micro-cultures the fungus was identified as an Alternaria species.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The content of Hb in blood and proteins, Fe, Fe-binding capacity, Cu and Zn in the blood plasma of sows and their piglets at the time of birth, after the uptake of colostrum and with different Fe supply].

Keeping of piglets on slatted metal floor, without complementary iron supply, caused anaemia within seven days from parturition. Hb levels in the blood dropped from 7.00 +/- 1.16 to 3.47 +/- 0.74 mmol/l. Iron deficit reduced growth and vitality. The iron levels in blood plasma of the piglets tested varied between 5 and 35 mumol/l, immediately after parturition. Intraperitoneal or oral administration of Fe-dextran (150 mg Fe) on the first day after parturition resulted in physiological iron levels in blood plasma, after seven days. Yet, when 14 days had passed, the levels were similar to those recorded from piglets without additional iron supply. Iron bonding capacity of blood plasma increased in piglets of all groups up to the seventh day from birth. Death occurred, on the second day of age, to many piglets with protein levels below 50 g/l plasma. Copper levels in blood plasma of newborn piglets were below those recordable from sows, but they went up by more than three times of their original values up to the seventh day from birth. In piglets, zinc, levels of blood plasma after parturition were higher than those of sows and went up by some 50 percent, within seven days from birth.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Detection of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in patients with leukospermia].

Cytological and microbiological tests were applied to urethral and prostate secretion, initial, midstream, and postmassage urine, and ejaculate of 61 patients with granulocyte counts of approximately 2 million/ml sperm, using the working principle of four-tube testing. Findings included 8 cases of chronic urethritis (caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in 5 instances, Ureaplasma (U.) urealyticum in 2, and Mycoplasma (M.) hominis in 1), 11 cases of chronic bacterial prostatitis, most of them in concomitance with urinary tract infections, and another 11 cases of "abacterial" prostatitis caused by mycoplasma (U. urealyticum in 10 cases, M. hominis in 1). No pathogens at all were recordable from 31 patients, among these 22 without leucocyte proliferation in urethral and prostate secretion nor in urine sediments. While no positive cytological findings were recordable from controls, significant germ counts of U. urealyticum were exhibited by 4 probands. The above findings are discussed together with their problematic interpretation.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Magnesium--a new therapeutic alternative in primary dysmenorrhea].

50 patients suffering from primary dysmenorrhoea were treated with Magnesium (Mg 5-longoral, Artesan GmbH) in a double-blind study. After a six-month period 21 out of 25 women showed a decline of symptoms, only 4 ones reported no therapeutical effect. For monitoring treatment results prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) was measured every second month. On Mg-therapy conditions we achieved a reduction of PGF2 alpha in menstrual blood to 45% of value before treatment started. As against that 90% of basic concentration were estimated from women who received a placebo. Probably, the specific therapeutical effect of Mg based on inhibition of biosynthesis of PGF2 alpha but also on its direct muscle relaxant and vasodilatory effect. Beside the PG-synthesis and ovulation inhibitors the use of Magnesium is a potential, natural opportunity to treat primary dysmenorrhoea, which is widely free of side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Preventive use of single dose antibiotics in acute appendicitis. Results of a prospective randomized clinical study].

A prospective randomized clinical trial was performed to determine the efficiency of single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing septic complications after appendectomy. The infection rate increased significantly in the control group without antibiotic prophylaxis (9.3% to 20.3%). Older patients with severe appendicitis had more advantages from the prophylaxis than younger ones. We have suggested to perform antibiotic prophylaxis individually only in those patients with high risk of septic complications after appendectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Cystic pancreas adenoma. On the clinical relevance of histologic typing].

Although pancreatic cystadenomas are rare neoplasms, they are found today in rising frequencies due to improvement of diagnostic tools. There exist two types of cystadenoma: microcystic serous cystadenoma and mucinous cystadenoma. Usually, histological distinction from cystadenocarcinoma is readily made, but it may be difficult in the case of the mucinous variant. This subtype is supposed to be potentially malignant, whereas microcystic serous cystadenoma is always benign. In order to elucidate the characteristics of both variants, 5 own cases are reported in this article.

Adult↗