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Biomedical subjects

T Takashima

Publications and source records attributed to T Takashima.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Effects of bronchial artery infusion (B-AI) with single use of MMC after intravenous peplomycin (PEP) administration in lung cancer].

Effects of BAI therapy on 86 cases of lung cancer were evaluated in three groups: single-use of MMC group after intravenous PEP administration (PEP (iv).MMC group), PEP and MMC combination use group (PEP + MMC group) and single use of MMC group. Tumor regression rate determined by chest X-ray film 2 or 3 weeks after BAI was highest in the PEP (iv).MMC group followed by the PEP + MMC and MMC group. Cavity formation was more typical in the group treated with PEP + MMC. Histopathological effects were best for the PEP + MMC group followed by those of the PEP (iv).MMC and MMC group. As for side effects, pulmonary fibrosis and necrotizing bronchitis were noted in 8% of the PEP + MMC group, but side effects in the other two groups were mild. In conclusion single use of MMC after intravenous PEP administration was found to be the best way to give BAI in these three groups.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefminox in the pediatric field].

The authors have carried out the pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefminox (CMNX, MT-141). The results were as follows: CMNX was given by intravenous drip infusion for 1 hour at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.w. to 2 children. The serum levels of CMNX were 103.02 micrograms/ml and 77.73 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after drip infusion, and the levels at 7 hours were 4.39 micrograms/ml and 4.19 micrograms/ml, respectively. The half life times were 1.20 hours and 1.32 hours, respectively. CSF concentrations of CMNX at 1 hour after drip infusion of a dose of 50 mg/kg in 3 patients with aseptic meningitis were 1.68 micrograms/ml (d.i. for 30 minutes), less than or equal to 0.25 micrograms/ml (d.i. for 1 hour) and 0.51 micrograms/ml (d.i. for 1 hour), respectively. CSF/serum ratios were 1.1% and 0.6%. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in 10 cases with purulent tonsillitis (3 cases), pneumonia (3 cases), pyelonephritis (1 case) and enteritis (3 cases). Excellent and good responses were obtained in all cases. Bacteriological response in the form of eradication was noted 8 of 9 cases. No side effects were observed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease].

Twenty-two patients with Hodgkin's disease were treated at Kanazawa University between 1975 and 1982. Patients in stage I or II were treated with radiotherapy. Those in stage III or IV underwent combination chemotherapy (MOPP) with or without radiotherapy. Twenty patients have achieved a complete remission (90.9%). The 10-year survival rate of all patients is 90%: 100% for patients in stage I or II and 73% for patients in stage III or IV. Thus, radiotherapy can be recommended as a primary treatment for patients in stage I or II while MOPP with radiotherapy could be effective for those in stage III or IV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical and laboratory evaluation of aspoxicillin in the pediatric field].

The authors have carried out the clinical and laboratory evaluation of aspoxicillin (ASPC, TA-058). The results were as follows: Antibacterial activities The susceptibility to ASPC was estimated by plate dilution method on 26 strains each of S. aureus, E. coli, Salmonella and P. aeruginosa and 19 strains of S. marcescens isolated from clinical specimens. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ASPC against E. coli and Salmonella was about twice active to compare with ampicillin (ABPC), but MIC of ASPC against S. aureus was two-fold less active than that of ABPC. Antimicrobial activities of ASPC against S. marcescens were similar to that of ABPC, while against P. aeruginosa its activities were two-fold higher than that of carbenicillin. Serum levels and urinary excretions When ASPC was administered at 20 mg/kg by one shot intravenous injection, serum concentration was 75 micrograms/ml after 15 minutes and half-life (T 1/2 beta) was 1.65 hours. Urinary excretion within 6 hours after ASPC injection reached to 245.6 mg (26.1%). The reason of this law urinary excretion rate was due to the underlying disease (hydronephrosis). In case of 20 mg/kg administration of ASPC by intravenous drip infusion, peak serum level reached to 88 micrograms/ml at the end of injection, and half-life (T 1/2 beta) was 0.77 hour. Since ASPC degradation by beta-lactamase was proceeded, urinary excretion of this case was not measured by microbiological method. Penicillonic acid and its epimer were detected by HPLC method. It was found that beta-lactamase producing strain was S. marcescens which was isolated by urine culture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1985

[Basic and clinical studies of ceftizoxime suppositories in the pediatric field].

A bacteriological and clinical study of ceftizoxime suppositories (CZX-S) let to the following results. The CZX serum concentration 10 minutes after insertion of one 250 mg suppository (i.e. 5.7-15.2 mg CZX per kg body weight) ranged from 1.64 to 6.53 micrograms/ml (average: 4.41 micrograms/ml). In one child the concentration 7 minutes after insertion was 4.13 micrograms/ml. Therapeutic responsiveness was recorded as "effective" in 8 (88.9%) of the 9 children who were broken down into 6 with tonsillitis, 1 with pharyngitis, and 2 with UTI. Bacteriological studies conducted in 5 children have confirmed eradication in 4 children, one of whom showing appearance of another strain. The rate of discharge of the suppository within 10 minutes after insertion was 20.4%. Reddening and erosion of the anus were observed in 1 child.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Induction of persistent autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in mice by combined use of rat erythrocyte preimmunization and chronic GVHR.

Female F1 mice (BDF1: C57BL/6 x DBA/2, BCF1: C57BL/6 x C3H/HeN, BBF1: C57BL/6 x BALB/c) were preimmunized with rat erythrocytes and then received splenic T cells from parental female C57BL/6 mice injected with hydrocortisone acetate before killing. In BDF1 and BCF1 mice, direct Coombs' test (DCT) positivity persisted for more than 4 months in almost all mice. They also showed haematological sign of anaemia, and the survival of infused 51Cr-labelled parental C57BL/6 erythrocytes was reduced. In BBF1 mice, DCT positivity returned to negative within 2 months. Autoantibodies were eluted from DCT-positive erythrocytes and their specificities were examined. They were capable of binding equally well to erythrocytes from all strains of mice tested, including the donor mice. They also cross-reacted with rat erythrocytes but not with sheep, rabbit or human erythrocytes. Isotypes of the autoantibodies eluted were also examined. Interestingly, isotypes of the autoantibodies obtained from individual mice were confined to one or other subclass of IgG isotype: IgG1, IgG2a or IgG2b.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1985

[Laboratory and clinical studies on SM-4300 in the pediatric field].

The authors have carried out the laboratory and clinical studies of SM-4300 and obtained the following results. Serum level of IgG before and after administration of SM-4300 was observed in a case with agammaglobulinemia. The serum level reached the peak at 30 minutes after administration of SM-4300 and the half-life was about 25 days. SM-4300 enhanced the opsonic activity of human neutrophils to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. In substitution therapy against agammaglobulinemia, the clinical effect of SM-4300 was observed. Four patients with severe infections were treated with SM-4300 and antibiotics and evaluated. Clinical effects of SM-4300 in combination therapy with antibiotics were excellent in 2 cases, good in 1 case and poor in 1 case. The subjective and objective clinical side effects and abnormal laboratory findings were not noted.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1985

[Laboratory and clinical studies of BRL 25000 (clavulanic acid-amoxicillin) granules in the pediatric field].

The authors have carried out laboratory and clinical studies on the BRL 25000 granule (containing 2 parts amoxicillin and 1 part clavulanic acid). The antibacterial activity of BRL 25000 against 29 clinically isolated strains of S. aureus, 30 E. coli and 30 K. pneumoniae were measured by the agar dilution method using an inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml. beta-Lactamase production was detected by the Nitrocefin method. The MICs of BRL 25000 against S. aureus ranged from 0.2 approximately 12.5 micrograms/ml, with the majority of strains being inhibited by 1.56 micrograms/ml or less. Seven beta-lactamase producing strains of S. aureus were all inhibited by less than 12.5 micrograms/ml. The range against E. coli was 1.56 approximately 100 micrograms/ml, with the majority inhibited by 6.25 micrograms/ml or less. Fifteen beta-lactamase producing strains of E. coli were inhibited by 6.25 approximately 100 micrograms/ml and the majority by 25 micrograms/ml or less. All strains of K. pneumoniae were beta-lactamase producers and the MIC distribution against K. pneumoniae was 1.56 approximately 50 micrograms/ml, with a majority inhibited by 3.13 micrograms/ml or less, 96% of strains, were inhibited by less than 6.25 micrograms/ml. Against K. pneumoniae, BRL 25000 showed a 8 to 16-fold superiority when compared with AMPC. In a pharmacokinetic study, BRL 25000 granules were orally administered to children in the fasting state at single doses of 7.5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg. The peak serum levels of AMPC were 6.13 and 6.94 micrograms/ml approximately 1 hour after administration and decreased with half-lives of 1.08 and 0.97 hours, respectively. The corresponding serum levels of CVA were 1.16 and 1.90 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after administration, with half-lives of 0.99 and 0.87 hour, respectively. In clinical studies, the BRL 25000 granule was effective in 39 cases of bacterial infection out of a total of 41 treated. Side effects were limited to 2 cases of diarrhea and minor changes in laboratory findings were elevation of serum GOT (1 case), elevation of serum GPT (1 case), and eosinophilia (2 cases).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[The effect of continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion using high-dose cis-diamminedichloroplatinum for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancers].

A continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion using high-dose cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate, was applied to eight patients with peritoneal metastasis from gastric cancers. Two of eight patients showed partial response and the rate of decrease of ascites was 38%. Renal failure and leukopenia were observed in one and two patients, respectively, but no severe or lethal dysfunction was observed and all were tolerated. These results showed that CDDP exerted anti-tumor effects on peritoneal metastasis from gastric cancers when used in high doses in combination with hyperthermia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Laboratory and clinical studies of aztreonam in the pediatric field].

The authors have carried out the laboratory and clinical studies of aztreonam (AZT) and obtained the following results. The antibacterial activities of AZT against the clinical isolates of E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were measured by the agar dilution method with inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml. The susceptibility distribution of E. coli to AZT ranged from 0.025 or lower to 1.56 microgram/ml, and the peak of distribution was 0.05 microgram/ml. The peak of susceptibility distribution of K. pneumoniae was 0.025 microgram/ml or lower, and the distribution of P. aeruginosa ranged from 0.1 to 100 micrograms/ml higher and the peak of distribution was 3.13 micrograms/ml. After intravenous bolus injection of 20 mg of AZT in 4 children, the mean peak serum level was 117 +/- 35.1 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes after injection, and half-life time was 1.42 hours. The mean urinary excretion rates was 63.2 +/- 30.6% up to 6 hours after bolus injection of 20 mg/kg of AZT. AZT was given 11 cases with bacterial injection. Daily doses of AZT were from 41.7 to 94.9 mg/kg. Clinical results obtained were excellent and good responses in 8 of 11 cases (72.7%). No side effect was observed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Positron CT imaging using a high resolution PCT device (Positologica-I), 11CO, 13NH3, and 18FDG in clinical evaluation of cerebrovascular diseases.

Positron computed tomography (PCT) was performed in 3 normal volunteers and 21 patients with cerebrovascular diseases using a high resolution PCT device 'Positologica-I' and three tracers 11CO, 13NH3, and 18FDG. Relatively early lesions showed various accumulation patterns, and metabolism and perfusion mismatches were clearly shown by this measurement. One type of mismatch is luxury perfusion which had a slight increase of blood volume. Another type of uncoupling is misery perfusion. Remote effects of ischemic lesions also appeared on PCT with 18FDG and 13NH3. From our clinical results, the PCT method with a high resolution device and radiopharmaceuticals such as 11CO, 13NH3, and 18FDG is very useful in the assessment of cerebrovascular diseases and in defining circulatory dysfunction in man.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Attenuation values of chronic subdural haematoma and subdural effusion in CT scans.

When peripheral blood is serially diluted with saline solution, the bloody colour is determined by the derivative of haemoglobin. Solutions over 10(5)/mm3 red cells or 0.5 g/dl haemoglobin are represented as being sanguineous. This is the lower limit for a subdural haematoma, because the name itself requires at least a bloody appearance of its contents. Diluted blood solutions less 0.5 X 10(4) red cells or 15 mg/dl haemoglobin are macroscopically translucent or watery clear. Solutions between bloody and translucent are xanthochromic. If the contents of a subdural collection is watery clear or xanthochromic, it must be called an effusion or hygroma. The haemoglobin in haematomas is the most important factor determining the attenuation values in the CT scan. Protein, iron or calcium ions have only minimal concentration in haematomas and are negligible for attenuation values of haematomas in the CT scan. The lightest sanguineous solution, that is a haematoma, corresponds to 15 Hounsfield's units measured by the CT scan.

Chronic Disease↗