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Biomedical subjects

T Tabuchi

Publications and source records attributed to T Tabuchi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Antipyrine disposition in relation to lowered anticonvulsant plasma level during pregnancy.

The authors studied antipyrine disposition before and after delivery in 4 epileptic women whose anticonvulsant plasma level per dosage ratio was lowered during pregnancy, and compared the results to those found in nonpregnant women undergoing antiepileptic treatment (N = 6) and healthy women (N = 6). The antipyrine clearance at term (0.53 +/- 0.11 ml/min/kg, mean +/- SD) was lower than it was early during puerperium (0.70 +/- 0.14 ml/min/kg, P less than .05) and approximately 3 months after delivery (1.14 +/- 0.26 ml/min/kg, P less than .01). The antipyrine clearance in nonpregnant epileptics (1.17 +/- 0.44 ml/min/kg) was comparable to that found 3 months after delivery, whereas it was significantly (P less than .01) higher than that found in healthy women (0.47 +/- 0.02 ml/min/kg). These observations suggest that the fall during pregnancy of anticonvulsant plasma concentrations relative to dosage is not attributable to the enhanced oxidative process of hepatic drug metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Placental transfer of anticonvulsants (phenobarbital, phenytoin, valproic acid) and the elimination from neonates.

In six full-term newborn infants born to epileptic mothers, the cord-to-maternal concentration ratios of anticonvulsants and the plasma disappearance of the drugs transferred across the placenta were studied. The respective mean +/- SEM values for the ratio of the cord-to-maternal blood concentration were: 0.95 +/- 0.05 (n = 5) for phenobarbital (PB), 0.97 +/- 0.04 (n = 3) for phenytoin (PHT), and 1.71 +/- 0.23 (n = 4) for valproic acid (VPA). The disappearance from the plasma of neonates showed a discernible two-component (initially slow and then fast) curve for all cases with PB, for one with PHT, and for two with VPA. Half-lives calculated from the terminal elimination phase were: 74.0 +/- 8.8 hours for PB (n = 5) and 26.8 +/- 4.8 hours (n = 4) for VPA. The half-life value of PB observed in this study was found to be shorter than that observed postnatally in the previous reports, while that of VPA was two to three times as long as that reported from children or adults, but shorter than that from a neonate in the literature.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1979

Fundamental study on decontamination of tritium from gaseous phases by copper oxide.

Some fundamental studies on removal of tritium from gaseous streams by a small column of copper oxide were carried out. An about 10 cm length of column packed with 100 g of copper oxide was examined on the conversion ratios of hydrogen and tritium into water. The experiment with hydrogen of 0.1% in argon showed that the logarithmic plot of remaining ratio of hydrogen by passing through the column is proportional to the reciprocal of gas flow rate and to the length of oxide column. The oxide column was also used for treating tritium-bearing waste gas from an evacuating system of alpha D-T neutron generator. It was observed that at column temperatures lower than 450 degrees C the conversion ratio of tritium in the waste gas into water is considerably smaller than that of hydrogen of 0.1% in argon.

Copper↗
PubMed1979

Interruption of pregnancy with vaginal suppositories containing 16,16-dimethyl-trans-delta 2-prostaglandin E1 methyl ester.

A new synthesized Prostaglandin E1 analogue, 16,16-dimethyl-trans-delta 2-Prostaglandin E1 methyl ester, has been shown to be effective in termination of 1st and second trimester pregnancy following vaginal administration. Suppositories, each containing 1 mg Prostaglandin E1 derivative, were administered five times to each of fifty pregnant women of five to twenty gestational weeks at three-hourly intervals. The procedure was clinically effective in 86% of the patients resulting in 56% complete and 30% incomplete abortions. The cervix of all patients was dilated up to 7 mm in diameter at the second insertion of the suppository. Vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain not requiring sedation were observed in all patients. Diarrhea (42%), vomiting (6%), and fever (4%) were the most common side effects. The Karyopyknotic Index of the vaginal smear increased significantly (p less than 0.01) twelve hours after the initial insertion. The superficial cells of the cervix gradually degenerated during the termination procedure.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

Measurements of free thyroxine: comparison of per cent of free thyroxine in diluted and undiluted sera.

The effect of dilution on values of the per cent of free T4 in serum (%FT4) measured by equilibrium dialysis, was determined by comparing the values for %FT4 in diluted and undiluted specimens. The specimens studied were sera obtained from 10 normal subjects, 10 patients with hyperthyroidism, 5 with hypothyroidism, and 9 women with normal pregnancy. The method of analysis employed was that described by Sterling and Brenner, except that the 125I-thyroxine used was predialyzed to remove non-thyroxine contaminants and that "corrected" values for %FT4 were calculated by dividing measured values by the numerical extent to which the serum had been diluted.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Facial nerve neuromas: CT findings.

Although neuromas of the facial nerve are rare, they present with uniform clinical and radiological findings. Their pluridirectional tomography findings have been well described; however, the appearance of the intracranial extension of the neuroma which is best visualized by CT has not been emphasized. We report five cases of facial nerve neuromas with particular attention to their intracranial extension. For comparative purposes we also have reviewed 10 cases of acoustic and eight cases of trigeminal neuromas, all involving the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and the middle cranial fossa. Two of the five facial nerve neuromas affected the second and third segments of the facial canal, and three involved both the CPA and the middle cranial fossa spreading across the midpetrosal bone. This type of tumor extension seems to be characteristic of facial nerve neuromas. In acoustic and trigeminal neuromas the tumor crossing toward the middle fossa takes place via the tentorial hiatus (acoustic) and the petrous apex (trigeminal).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous ethanol injection for hepatocellular carcinoma originating in the caudate lobe.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatocellular carcinoma originating in the caudate lobe is rare and the treatments for caudate hepatocellular carcinoma were thought difficult, because of its unique location at hepatic resection, or because of complex arterial supply at transcatheter arterial embolization. Percutaneous ethanol injection is an effective treatment for small hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection for hepatocellular carcinoma originating in the caudate lobe. METHODOLOGY: During the past 4 years, 7 patients with 7 hepatocellular carcinomas originating in the caudate lobe underwent percutaneous ethanol injection as a curative treatment. The outcomes of percutaneous ethanol injection and the survival of the 7 patients were evaluated. RESULTS: Percutaneous ethanol injection was successfully carried out with no severe complications in all patients. During follow-up periods local recurrence was noticed in a patient, that was treated with percutaneous ethanol injection again. Four patients had recurrence in other parts of the liver, who were treated with percutaneous ethanol injection alone or percutaneous ethanol injection and transcatheter arterial embolization. Six patients were alive for 12-55 months after percutaneous ethanol injection and 1 patient died of hepatic failure 15 months after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous ethanol injection was a safe and effective treatment, and it would be an alternative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma originating in the caudate lobe.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reduction of VX2 transplanted tumor by granulocyte depletion using extracorporeal circulation on rabbit models.

To investigate the role of granulocytes and the effect of granulocytosis on malignancies, we studied the relationship between white blood cell and granulocyte (Gr) counts, and tumor size. As we have reported that cancer patients with high granulocyte (G/L) ratio have a poor clinical prognosis, normalization of the G/L ratio could contribute to improvement in their condition. Tumor bearing rabbits treated with the extracorporeal granulocytte depletion device showed a decrease in tumor size and no tumor necrosis. Tumor-bearing rabbits with no extracorporeal granulocyte depletion showed a remarkable tumor progression and an increase in Gr count. Depletion of granulocytes considerably improved the survival ratio of tumor-bearing animals. The device used in this study could be a potential treatment for malignant tumors.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chromosomal analysis in Japanese couples with repeated spontaneous abortions.

Balanced chromosome rearrangements have been found at an increased frequency in couples with pregnancy wastage, especially recurrent spontaneous abortions, compared with the general population. In the present study, chromosomal analysis of peripheral blood cells, as one of the routine examinations of patients with repeated reproductive wastage, was performed on both partners of 639 Japanese couples. Among the 639 couples, 32 major chromosomal anomalies (5.0%) and 23 minor chromosomal variants (3.6%) were found. Both partners of one couple had an abnormal karyotype. The 32 major anomalies consisted of 19 reciprocal translocations, 9 Robertsonian translocations, one large inversion, two triple-X females, and one Turner mosaicism. The 23 minor variants included 15 cases of pericentric inversion of chromosome 9. The total number of pregnancies in the 54 couples with chromosomal anomalies was 181, but they resulted in only 18 normal liveborn neonates, indicating a 90.1% abortion rate. The present statistical study indicates that major chromosomal anomalies seem to be involved in repeated reproductive wastage.

Abortion, Habitual↗