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Biomedical subjects

T Smith

Publications and source records attributed to T Smith.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The union of dental behavioral and clinical science: educational and research prospectives.

It has been argued that behavioral scientists too wedded to their disciplines are merely interlopers in dentistry. According to this argument, these individuals see dentistry as a laboratory for investigation but care little for the problems faced by clinicians. No doubt this has been true in some cases. However, since the growth of the discipline of behavioral medicine in the 1970s, a substantial number of behavioral scientists have been attracted to the basic problems of clinical science. These individuals have neither been seeking the role of part-time questionnaire designer, programmer, or statistician, nor are they simply seeking a laboratory for their studies. Academicians involved in behavioral medicine are genuinely interested in clinical phenomena in the healing sciences. The collaboration of behavioral scientists and clinical dental investigators has much to offer. The isolated clinician collecting data without methodological rigor is unlikely to make a major contribution. Behavioral scientists can add, beyond technical expertise, to the methodology or logic of the investigator. Moreover, the behavioral scientist and clinician may produce an enhanced understanding of behavioral factors important in clinical practice. This model for research also has implications for teaching and service. Courses integrating behavioral and clinical science can be offered based on the results of the collaborative research. Clinics employing both professional groups can use this knowledge to treat dental fear, TMJ disorders, and other problems effectively. Careful recruitment and training of behavioral scientists with research skills is needed.

Behavioral Sciences↗
PubMed1983

Denmark: the elderly living in style.

In the next 20 years every country in Western Europe will see a rise in its total numbers of people aged over 60, and since old people are now living longer the proportion aged over 75 will also rise. Both physical and mental disorders become much more common between 60 and 75, so that if these old people are to be provided with accommodation and medical services at contemporary standards many more places will be needed in sheltered flats, nursing homes, and geriatric hospitals. Yet in the current economic recession most European countries are trying to cut back on public expenditure. How do politicians and administrators reconcile the conflict between the demands created by demographic change and the freeze on public spending? How will the care of the elderly change in response to this conflict? Tony Smith is examining the ways in which old people are looked after in several European countries and their plans for the future. This first article deals with Denmark.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Factors affecting the reproducibility of androgen receptor determinations in human prostate.

Several factors affecting the reproducibility of androgen receptor assays in the human prostate gland have been identified. Experiments in the presence of proteolytic inhibitors such as PMSF, leupeptin and aprotinin resulted in no change in the estimates of androgen receptors. The androgen binding was also unaffected by the concentrations of endogenous steroids in the tissue. Although the receptor assay was reliable down to protein concentrations of about 5 g/l, at lower concentrations the reliability of the method was significantly reduced. Similarly, tissue storage at -25 degrees C drastically lowered the binding capacity of the prostatic tissue extracts to 50% of initial receptor content over a period of 3 months. The high degree of correlation between receptor levels in the stroma and epithelium suggests that the binding in the total gland will not be drastically affected by the proportion of stroma and epithelium it contains. Following the widely practised 2-h extraction of the nucleus with 0.6 mol/l KCl buffer, a highly significant non-extractable binding component remained. Analysis of data by the single-point assay produced results comparable to those obtained by standard Scatchard analysis and seemed reliable so long as careful quality control was employed.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1983

Measurement of 33P in faeces by suspension counting of faecal ash.

The estimation of 33P in faecal samples by direct suspension counting of finely ground faecal ash particles is shown to be a convenient technique having good accuracy and reproducibility. The sensitivity of the method is such that 75 pCi 33P can be measured with a standard error of 2% in a counting period of 1 h. Using 50 mg of ash for counting, this activity requires a 33P concentration of about 40 pCi/g of faecal homogenate.

Feces↗
PubMed1983

Towards a reproducible method of estimating androgen receptors in human prostate.

The effect of sodium molybdate and the stability of [3H]-R1881 on the reproducibility of androgen receptor assays in the human prostate gland have been investigated. The drying down of radio-labelled methyltrienolone, prior to incubation with cytosolic and nuclear extracts, resulted in a marked disintegration of the compound and a loss of specific binding of up to 40%. By contrast, the inclusion of sodium molybdate in the homogenisation buffer significantly increased the specific nuclear and cytosolic binding. In the cytosol, this increase was directly proportional to the amount of molybdate added up to 50 mM whereas in the nucleus binding was maximal at a molybdate concentration of 10 mM and declined at higher concentrations.

Chemical Phenomena↗