Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T Smith.
Two cases of pheochromocytoma that invaded the inferior vena cava are reported. The significance of this finding in regard to the malignant potential of the tumor and the role of sonography in the evaluation of intracaval tumor are discussed.
We have previously shown that flow cytometric analysis of acridine orange-stained bone marrow cells is useful for the objective enumeration and characterization of plasma cells from patients with myeloma, frequently exhibiting an abnormal DNA and an elevated RNA content. In this report on 77 previously untreated patients, we have investigated the biologic and prognostic implications of these quantitative tumor cell parameters. The degree of marrow involvement by tumor, both by microscopic and cytometric analysis, correlated with the clinically derived tumor mass stage. Examination of the product of relative tumor cell RNA content and marrow tumor infiltrate (as a measure of metabolic capacity for immunoglobulin production) in relationship to the myeloma protein concentration in the serum revealed differences in the efficiency of immunoglobulin production and/or catabolism. There was an inverse relationship between the degree of marrow tumor involvement and RNA index, suggesting a more aggressive behavior of myeloma in patients with a low tumor cell RNA content. Prognostically, high tumor cell RNA content identified patients with a high likelihood of response to both initial treatment (32 patients, P = 0.004) and salvage therapy (29 patients, P = 0.01). Favorable factors for survival were low clinical tumor mass stage (P = 0.07) and low marrow tumor infiltrate as determined morphologically (P = 0.04) and cytometrically (P = 0.004). Thus, the direct examination of marrow cellular DNA and RNA content permitted assessment of tumor burden and was useful in the prediction of response and survival.
Differences in competitive trait anxiety of 80 boy and 79 girl athletes participating in team-sport competition were examined on the basis of age, sex, race, and playing status (all star and playing substitute). While data did not show differences in sport competition trait anxiety according to age, sex, or race, all star athletes had significantly lower anxiety scores than playing substitutes.
Stroke patients were compared with "normal" drivers. On public roads stroke patients exhibited special difficulty in entering and leaving motorways and handling traffic at roundabouts. On private roads stroke patients were relatively unaware of other vehicles, exhibited difficulty in reversing, had difficulty in doing two things at once in an emergency and had difficulty in placing their car accurately on the left. Analysis revealed variables that might be used to rate stroke patients on their driving skills.
Cataleptic attacks or atonic seizures have been described in cases of frontal lesions due to meningiomas. Five new cases are reported: 3 frontal and 2 parietal meningiomas. In 3 of the cases the attacks started before removal of the tumours. A consecutive case-material of 66 intracranial meningiomas verified neurosurgically was re-examined. Only 2 patients had cataleptic attacks and were included among the 5 cases reported. Both had a parietal convexity meningioma. Although most cases of cataleptic attacks after the age of 50 probably are of vascular origin, the possibility of a frontal or parietal meningioma should be considered. It is suggested that the cataleptic attacks in these cases are caused by 'weak' epileptic discharges spreading along the cortico-reticular fibres and activating the motor inhibitory reticulo-spinal pathways.
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Hysteresis in glutamate dehydrogenase is observed only in the reductive amination reaction and only with GTP present. The rate of reductive amination with NADH as coenzyme increases during the time course of the reaction. Premixing experiments, where glutamate dehydrogenase is preincubated with various combinations of substrates and GTP, suggest that the hysteresis phenomenon is not due to a time-dependent conformational change in the enzyme. Enzyme dilution experiments show (i) that the hysteresis is not due to enzyme association-dissociation effects and (ii) that the onset of the activation occurs after accumulation of about 25 microM NAD+. Addition of NAD+ to the initial reaction mixture prevents hysteresis from occurring. Although with NADPH as coenzyme hysteresis does not occur, addition of NADP+ to initial reaction mixtures containing NADH blocks hysteresis. A model based on reciprocating subunits is proposed whereby hysteresis results from product (NAD+) accumulation resulting in a half-of-the-sites activation of reductive amination.
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During a 15-month period, 47 elderly female patients admitted to hospital with a fractured neck of femur were studied immediately prior to discharge, in comparison with 34 elderly female control patients undergoing elective surgery who had been admitted over the same period to the same orthopaedic wards. The principal differences between the two populations were that the fracture patients had a lower forearm trabecular bone density, with lower bodyweight (both lower muscle mass and lower fat content), increased body sway, worse eyesight and reduced mental acuity. The serum biochemistry of the two groups was almost indistinguishable except that the fracture patients tended to have slightly lower concentrations of proteins. There was no evidence to implicate dietary vitamin D deficiency, osteomalacia, oestrogen deficiency or alcoholism in the aetiology of the fracture, nor was there evidence to suggest alterations in endocrine function with respect to cacitonin or parathyroid hormone.
The cage was designed for holding and breeding rabbits, and can also be used for holding cats for short periods. Single cages can be joined back to back: this larger cage can also be used for breeding rabbits, and the longer-term holding of cats. When not in use cages fold into compact units, saving storage space and labour, as many cages may be autoclaved, boiled or steamed at once. Repair, maintenance and replacement costs of the cages are lower than for conventional cages.