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Biomedical subjects

T Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishimura.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The role of radiotherapy in hospice care].

The aim of palliative radiotherapy for the terminally ill is to improve the quality of the remaining span of life. From November 1982 to September 1987, 69 patients in the Seirei Hospice have been treated with such radiotherapy, and symptomatic relief was obtained in 64% of these patients. Radiotherapy also proved useful in achieving an improvement in their performance status. While the aim of hospice care is not directed towards treatment of the underlying disease, the use of radiotherapy is considered to have an important role in hospice care.

Hospices↗
PubMed1989

[Susceptibility of clinical isolates to aztreonam].

In vitro antibacterial activities of 9 antibiotics including aztreonam (AZT) against clinically isolated Gram-negative bacteria were determined using MIC-2000 plus system. Bacteria were isolated from clinical materials in Saga Medical School during a period from May 1987 to March 1988. Summarized results were as follows: 1. AZT showed excellent antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus sp. and Haemophilus influenzae, and MIC80 values of AZT against these organisms were lower than 0.20 microgram/ml. 2. Antibacterial activities of AZT were superior to cephem antibiotics compared against Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii and Serratia marcescens. 3. The MIC50 and MIC80 of AZT against Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 12.5 micrograms/ml and 25 micrograms/ml, respectively. 4. AZT did not show any antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter sp. and Xanthomonas maltophilia.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1989

[Laboratory and clinical studies of clarithromycin in pediatric fields].

We have carried out laboratory and clinical studies on clarithromycin (TE-031, A-56268). The results are summarized as follows. Serum and urinary concentrations of TE-031 were determined in 5 children with ages between 6 and 11 years given single oral doses of 5, 6.7, 10 and 15 mg/kg. Serum concentrations peaked at 1 hour after administration of 5, 6.7 and 15 mg/kg, and respective peak values were 1.98 micrograms/ml, 2.21 micrograms/ml and 5.58 micrograms/ml. Biological half-lives for the drug at 5, 6.7 and 15 mg/kg dose were 2.99 hours, 2.08 hours and 2.09 hours, respectively. Mean serum concentrations peaked at 2 hours after administration of 10 mg/kg, and peak values were 3.91 +/- 1.64 micrograms/ml. Biological half-lives were 3.00 +/- 0.58 hours. The 6-hour urinary recovery rates ranged from 22.7% to 23.8% after administration of 10 mg/kg, and the 6-hour urinary recoveries were 30.1%, 20.5% and 39.1% after administration of 5 mg/kg, 6.7 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg, respectively. Therapeutic responses were recorded as excellent or good in 35(89.7%) of the children, comprising 5 with tonsillitis, 3 with pharyngitis, 7 with bronchitis, 5 with pneumonia, 15 with Mycoplasma pneumonia, 1 with whooping cough and 3 with Campylobacter enteritis. The microbiological effectiveness of TE-031 on identified pathogens comprising 2 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 5 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 2 strains of Haemophilus parainfluenzae, 5 strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Campylobacter spp. was satisfactory as evidenced by an eradication rate of 82.4%. No significant side effect due to the drug was observed in any cases. In conclusion, TE-031 was found to be efficacious and safe for the treatment of bacterial infections in children.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Ultracytochemical study of Ca++-ATPase activity in rabbit trabecular meshwork].

Cytochemical localization of Ca++-ATPase activity in endothelial cells of rabbit trabecular meshwork was studied by the method of Ando et al. Ca++-ATPase activity was localized on the plasma membrane, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and the basal cytoplasmic matrix, which includes the actin filament bundles beneath the basal plasma membrane. Ca++-ATPase activity associated with membranous organelles was considerably reduced by quercetin, an inhibitor of ATP dependent Ca++-transport. Changes in the concentrations of Ca (1-10mM) greatly influenced the activity of the cytoplasmic matrix. The most intense activity was obtained at 1mM Ca. These findings suggest that Ca++-ATPase of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum is related to the active uptake of Ca++ by these structures, and the reaction within actin filament bundles may reflect actomyosin ATPase activity. The function of cAMP and actomyosin ATPase reaction may be to provide contractility of the trabecular meshwork resulting in an alteration of outflow resistance of aqueous humor drainage.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The oncogenicity of jun.

The oncogenic transforming potential of the jun oncogene was investigated with viral constructs that contain various terminal deletions of v-jun, c-jun and recombinants between the viral and cellular genes. Cellular jun can induce transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts with a low efficiency. High efficiency transformation is dependent on alterations in the major transactivator domain. A jun deletion that lacks the transactivator domain is non-transforming. These observations are compatible with the conclusion that transcriptional regulation plays an important part in jun oncogenesis. In cells transformed by viral jun and expressing high levels of viral jun expression of the cellular jun is not constitutively upregulated. Cellular jun may therefore not contribute to transformation in these cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebrovascular disorders; cerebral infarction].

Patients with cerebral infarction and with suspicion of cerebral infarction were studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and correlative CT scans. MRI was more sensitive than CT for detecting cerebral infarction, and T2-weighted spin echo pulse sequence was most sensitive in the diagnosis of cerebral infarction except some lacunar infarctions and some cortical and subcortical infarctions. MRI using Gd-DTPA was more sensitive than contrast CT for detecting fresh infarcted areas, especially in the cases with multiple cerebral infarcted areas and cortical and subcortical infarcted areas, and many offer some informations in evaluating the state of circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Scintigraphic assessment of patients with pulmonary thromboembolism by extent of perfusion defect and right ventricular function].

In 36 cases, severity of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) were determined with extent of perfusion defect (%PD) from pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy combined right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) from radionuclide angiocardiography. In 27 cases, follow-up scintigraphy was also done. After medical therapy, delta PD (= initial %PD-follow up %PD) was significant improved in patients with normal RVEF (greater than 38%) (19.40 +/- 15.58%: n = 15) than that in those with reduced RVEF (less than or equal to 38%) (0.00 +/- 3.9%). In follow-up studies, patients with larger %PD (greater than or equal to 40) showed poor prognosis than those with moderate or less %PD (less than 40). In conclusion, these both non-invasive indicators were proved to be useful for the evaluation not only the clinical severity but the prognosis of pulmonary thromboembolism.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Assessment of cerebral blood flow in intracerebral hematoma using IMP-SPECT].

To evaluate cerebral blood flow in intracerebral hemorrhage, we performed single photon emission computed tomography using N-isopropyl [I-123] p-iodoamphetamine (IMP-SPECT) in 20 patients. IMP-SPECT was carried out using rotating gamma camera at 30 min, and 4 hrs after injection. The results were compared with those by computed tomography (CT). In all cases, the extent of hematoma by IMP-SPECT was larger than that of CT. All cases were divided into 3 groups according to the extent of peripheral area zone of hematoma by IMP-SPECT. There were 10 cases with initial hypoperfusion and complete redistribution (Group I), 6 with initial perfusion defect and complete redistribution (Group II), 4 with initial perfusion defect and incomplete redistribution (Group III). Group III had extensive hematoma compared to Group I. The extent of peripheral area zone of hematoma could be considered as the decreased blood flow area by increased intracerebral pressure and the amplitude of redistribution may be correlated with celler damage. In conclusion, IMP-SPECT was useful to asses the viability of peripheral zone of hematoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Gallium-67 imaging in patients with myocarditis in childhood and youth].

Gallium-67 (Ga-67) myocardial imaging was performed in 19 patients (1 month to 21 years of age) with proven or suspected myocarditis. The anterior images, 48 hrs after the intravenous administration of 0.5-2.0 mCi Ga-67 citrate, were analysed using a computer. Regions of interest were set on the heart, lungs and background, excluding the sternum and vertebrae. The uptake of Ga-67 was evaluated quantitatively by the ratio of the average count of the heart to the average count of the lung (H/L). When the H/L value was higher than 130% the cardiac uptake of Ga-67 was designated positive. Histological examination was performed in 11 patients who underwent right endomyocardial biopsy. The patients were categorized according to their clinical findings. Group 1 consisted of 11 patients with clinical symptoms of dilated cardiomyopathy, six of whom had arrhythmias or elevated serum CPK-MB levels (group Ia) in the acute stage of the disease, and the remaining five had neither (group Ib). Group 2 consisted of eight patients with dysrhythmias but without heart failure. Four had elevated serum CPK-MB levels (group IIa), but the remaining four did not (group IIb). All patients in the group Ia had positive Ga-67 uptakes, and three patients in the group Ib had negative uptakes. The H/L values were significantly higher in the group Ia than in the group Ib (p less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Cardiac blood-pool scintigraphy using technetium-99m DTPA-HSA: comparison with in vivo technetium-99m RBC labeling.

We performed cardiac blood-pool scintigraphy using technetium-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid human serum albumin [( 99mTc] DTPA-HSA), a newly developed blood-pool agent, in 31 patients with various heart diseases and evaluated its clinical usefulness in comparison with the conventional in vivo 99mTc red blood cell (RBC) labeling. Excellent cardiac blood-pool images were obtained by [99mTc]DTPA-HSA method. Biodistribution studies showed higher accumulation of [99mTc]DTPA-HSA than that of 99mTc RBC in the lungs and liver, but similar count ratios of the cardiovascular blood pool to whole body between the two methods. In ECG-gated end-diastolic images, no quantitatively significant difference was observed in left ventricular target-to-background ratios between these two methods. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) calculated by [99mTc]DTPA-HSA MUGA method was correlated well with that by contrast LVEF (r = 0.91). No side effects were observed in any patient. In conclusion, cardiac blood-pool scintigraphy using [99mTc] DTPA-HSA is readily performed by single i.v. injection and useful for the assessment of cardiac function.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Comparison of myocardial thallium and beta-methyl iodophenyl pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) distribution in the cardiomyopathic hamster].

The usefulness of fatty acid imaging in the detection of cardiomyopathy was evaluated by comparing thallium and BMIPP myocardial distribution in Bio 14.6 Syrian Hamster (25 week ages). Autoradiography was performed in 3 using 3.7 MBq (100 microCi) of 125I-BMIPP and 37 MBq (1 mCi) of 201TlCl. In vivo pin-hole imaging was performed in 3 using 37 MBq (1 mCi) of 123I-BMIPP and 37 MBq (1 mCi) of 201TlCl. In all cardiomyopathic hamsters decreased uptake of BMIPP compared to that of thallium was demonstrated. These findings suggest dilated cardiomyopathy is associated with severe focal alteration in the substrate used for the performance of myocardial work. In conclusion, myocardial imaging using BMIPP may be useful for early detection of myocardial degeneration compared to thallium in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical application of immunoenzyme assay for prostatic acid phosphatase].

We compared the values obtained by double-antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunoenzyme assay (IEA) for measuring the prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) in human serum. Mean PAP value of IEA in normal persons was 0.582 +/- 0.228 ng/ml (M+2SD, 1.038 ng/ml). Correction of two methods in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and prostate cancer patients was excellent [r = 0.9504, Y (IEA) = -0.4378 + 0.6529X (RIA)]. False positive cases were two by IEA and one by RIA in BPH patients.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

[Cine MR imaging in valvular heart disease].

Cine MR Imaging was carried out using FLASH (fast low angle shot) which employees TE of 16 msec and TR of 30-40 msec. Regurgitant jet was visible as discrete area of low signal intensity extending from the incompetent valve into the respective cardiac chamber. In 20 patients with mitral regurgitation, the correlation of the length and area of mitral jet by cine MR and color doppler mapping was 0.74 and 0.71, respectively. Cine MR imaging is a promising modality for detection and quantification of valvular heart disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[243 cases of percutaneous nephrolithotomy--result of 5 years].

Between May, 1982 and April, 1987, upper urolithiasis of 247 kidneys of 243 patients, 174 male and 69 female, were treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). The main stone was successfully removed from 236 kidneys (about 95.5%). Seven cases of ureteral stone could not be removed by PNL, and were treated by traditional ureterolithotomy. In 3 cases of pelvic stone, the stone descended to the ureter during the PNL procedure, and was also removed by ureterolithotomy. In one case of pelvic stone, complete obstruction of uretero-pelvic junction after PNL occurred, and pyeloplasty was needed. One pelvic stone patient who had basical hypertension and arrhythmia died soon after PNL, because of acute myocardial infarction. Blood transfusion was needed in 31 cases (12.8%). The residual stones over 5 mm were noticed in 48 cases (20.3%). The most important point to succeed in PNL is to make a nephrostomy through the most suitable calyx to the stone. The easiest way to identify the location and connection of the aimed calyx with the stone in three dimensional position, is to take X-ray films in intravenous pyelograms not only from postero-anterior but also oblique positions. Additional transureteral lithotripsy (TUL) for the fragment descending to the ureter after PNL produces a much better result.

Adolescent↗