Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishimura.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Laboratory and clinical studies of sulbactam/ampicillin in pediatric field].

We have carried out laboratory and clinical studies on sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC). The results are summarized as follows. SBT/ABPC was given by 30-minute drip infusion to 1 child at a single dose of 15 mg/kg and to 2 children at a single dose of 30 mg/kg. After the 30-minute drip infusion, peak serum levels of ABPC(SBT) obtained for the 2 dose levels were 18.0 micrograms/ml (12.4 micrograms/ml) for the former dose level and 81.0 micrograms/ml (53.7 micrograms/ml) and 300 micrograms/ml (200 micrograms/ml) for the latter at the end of injection, and half-lives were 0.84 hour (0.82 hour) for the former and 0.96 hour (1.44 hours) and 0.93 hour (1.19 hours) for the latter. In another trial, SBT/ABPC was given to 1 child at a single dose of 60 mg/kg. After the 30-minute drip infusion, peak serum level of ABPC (SBT) was 82.3 micrograms/ml (45.9 micrograms/ml), and half-life was 1.20 hours (1.36 hours). The urinary excretion rates of ABPC (SBT) were 51.3% (49.5%), 55.8 +/- 10.4% (65.3 +/- 9.1%), 74.0% (76.1%) up to 6 hours after the 30-minute drip infusion of 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg, respectively. Treatment with SBT/ABPC was made in 21 cases of pediatric bacterial infections: 8 cases of tonsillitis, 4 cases of bronchitis, 3 cases of pneumonia and 1 case each of pharyngitis, peritonsillar abscess, lymphadenitis, impetigo, abscess and urinary tract infection. Results obtained were excellent in 14 cases, good in 7 cases. No significant side effect due to the drug was observed in any cases except 1 case of fever and rash.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Brain histamine in Alzheimer's disease.

The concentration of histamine (HA) has been determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorometric detection in 21 different regions of brains from patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) and subjects (CB) whose causes of death were not related to neuropsychiatric, neurological and/or neurodegenerative diseases. The highest levels of HA in the central nervous system (CNS) of both control (CB) and SDAT samples were found in the posterior hypothalamus (CB = 3.13 +/- 0.63 pmol/mg; SDAT = 7.75 +/- 1.43 pmol/mg, p less than 0.005), where the HA neurons are located, and in the anterior hypothalamus (CB = 1.77 +/- 0.33 pmol/mg; SDAT = 2.82 +/- 0.45 pmol/mg, p less than 0.005). The lowest HA levels were detected in the cerebellum (CB = 0.12 +/- 0.04 pmol/mg; SDAT = 0.24 +/- 0.09 pmol/mg, p less than 0.01) and medulla oblongata. HA levels were significantly higher in SDAT than in CB in the following areas: motor cortex (Brodmann's area 4) (A4), premotor cortex (A6), postcentral gyrus (A1,2), posterior parietal cortex (A5,7), superior temporal gyrus (A41,42), temporal pole (A38), primary and secondary visual cortices (A17,18), anterior and posterior regions of the hypothalamus, putamen, caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, thalamus, hippocampus, pons, medulla oblongata and cerebellum. No changes were seen in globus pallidus and corpus callosum. Since the origin of HA in the brain is dependent upon three main compartments (neuronal, mast cell, vascular smooth muscle), with approximately 60-80% of the total HA belonging to the neuronal pool, on the basis of neurochemical data we postulate that the increase in the levels of HA in SDAT might account for or be associated with alterations in neuroendocrine, cognitive, neurovascular and sleep-wakefulness functions.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical significance of right ventricular ejection fraction in cases with atrial septal defect].

Right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) assessed by cardiac radionuclide angiography has been applied to evaluate right ventricular function such as ischemic, valvular and congenital heart disease. Using this modality, previous reports also suggest that there is good correlation between RVEF and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPA) from catheterization findings in mitral valvular disease and chronic obstructive lung disease. In this study, cardiac RI angiography were performed on 33 adult patients with atrial septal defect (ASD), RVEF is not so good correlation (r = -0.42) with mPA, but in cases within pulmonary to systemic ratio (Qp/Qs) less than 2.0 limits, there is good correlation between RVEF and mPA (n = 9, r = -0.71). As a conclusion, in ASD, both afterload assessed by mPA and preload assessed by Qp/Qs decrease RVEF.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Cytochemical localization of actin filaments in endothelial cells of rabbit trabecular meshwork].

Localization of actin filaments in the endothelial cells of rabbit trabecular meshwork was studied by the nitrobenzoxadiazole-phallacidin (NBD-ph) staining method for fluorescence microscopy and modified heavy meromyosin (HMM) decoration method for electron microscopy. Endothelial cells stained with NBD-ph exhibited intense fluorescence which was apparently associated with the basal plasma membrane area. By the modified HMM decoration method, labeled actin filaments were readily detected in the prefixed endothelial cells, because of the distinctive arrowhead-like appearance, observed beneath the basal plasma membrane facing the trabecular collagen sheet. The actin filaments were arranged with dual directionality within the bundle. In contrast, intermediate (10nm) filaments in the deeper region of endothelial cells were always unlabeled with HMM. The function of the actin filament bundles in endothelial cells may be to maintain the cell shape and provide contractility of the trabecular meshwork resulting in an alteration of the outflow resistance of aqueous humor drainage.

Actins↗
PubMed1989

Filling out phenomenon with technetium-99m HM-PAO brain SPECT at the site of mild cerebral ischemia.

Although the distribution of [99mTc]hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HM-PAO) in the brain is said to be in a flow-related manner without temporal change, we present cases with leakage of [99mTc]HM-PAO (filling out phenomenon) in the delayed image of brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and clarify its clinical significance. The filling out phenomenon was observed in seven out of 21 cases of cerebrovascular disease and four cases of arteriovenous malformation. The leakage of [99mTc]HM-PAO was also confirmed by visual and semiquantitative analysis. In the pharmacokinetics of [99mTc]HM-PAO in the blood, the percent dose of plasma fraction at 4 hr was reduced to 54% of activity at 30 min. The percent dose of brain blood could be predicted as 3.36%/1 at 30 min and 2.35%/1 at 4 hr after correction with the hematocrit of the brain. The filling out phenomenon of [99mTc]HM-PAO was attributed to a significant reduction of blood activity of [99mTc]HM-PAO in the plasma. Since the initial image might mask reduced rCBF with an increase of rCBV, the late image would have an advantage in accurately evaluating rCBF from the clearance of [99mTc] HM-PAO bound to the plasma. Therefore, the filling out phenomenon of [99mTc]HM-PAO in late images of brain SPECT could show the area of mild cerebral ischemia accompanying cerebral vascular reserve.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Detection of multivessel disease in patients with myocardial infarct using exercise myocardial scintigraphy--usefulness of SPECT with qualitative and quantitative analysis].

The detection of multivessel disease (MVD) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) was performed using exercise myocardial scintigraphy with qualitative and quantitative analysis, to compare the diagnostic ability of planar (PL), planar + washout rate (PL + WR), SPECT, Bull's eye + WR (BE + WR) and SPECT + BE + WR. Forty seven patients of anterior MI (SVD: DVD: TVD = 29: 8: 10) and thirty four patients of infero-posterior MI (SVD: DVD: TVD = 16: 8: 10) were reviewed. SPECT was superior to PL to detect ischemia of RCA in patients with anterior MI (50% vs. 100%) and to detect ischemia of diagonal branch in patients with infero-posterior MI (0% vs. 83%). The detection of ischemia of LCX in patients with anterior MI revealed low sensitivity in both PL and SPECT. SPECT + BE + WR showed the highest diagnostic ability to detect MVD in patients with both anterior (87%) and infero-posterior MI (82%). We conclude that SPECT with qualitative and quantitative analysis is the most useful to detect MVD in patients with MI.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of myocardial infarction with ventricular tachycardia, which had discrepancy of defect size between 123I-MIBG and 201TlCl myocardial imaging].

123I-MIBG and 201TaCl myocardial imaging were carried out in 69 years-old man who had anterior myocardial infarction with ventricular tachycardia. In planar and SPECT imaging, the defect size of 123I-MIBG was larger compared to that of 201TlCl. The zone of fractionated activity was corresponded with the defect of 123I-MIBG. Thus, the denervated but viable myocardium could be detected by 123I-MIBG and 201TlCl myocardial imaging. 123I-MIBG may give a useful clinical information, since denervation may play a role in causing ventricular arrhythmia after myocardial infarction.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1989

Determination of infarct size of acute myocardial infarction in dogs by magnetic resonance imaging and gadolinium-DTPA: comparison with indium-111 antimyosin imaging.

Acute myocardial infarctions were produced in nine dogs by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Twenty-four hours after ligation, 0.5 mM/kg of gadolinium (Gd)-DTPA was injected intravenously, followed by cardiectomy 30 min later. Indium-111 antimyosin was administered intravenously 6 hr before cardiectomy to compare the infarct size with Gd-DTPA contrast enhancement. Areas of Gd-DTPA contrast enhancement were closely correlated with those of indium-111 antimyosin uptake (r = .86), although the former showed slightly greater than the latter. Partial and complete enhancements were observed in three and six dogs, respectively. In the T1 and T2 maps, T1 relaxation times of the infarcted area showed greater T1 shortening compared with normal myocardium, whereas T2 relaxation times were not different between infarcted and normal myocardium. Thus, Gd-DTPA showed significant contrast enhancement of the infarcted area because of greater T1 shortening and the extent of Gd-DTPA contrast enhancement expressed the infarct size precisely.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Chronic myelogenous leukemia characterized by successive lymphoid and myelomonocytic blast crises].

We report a 25 year-old male of CML, who repeated lymphoid blast crises twice and finally experienced a myelomonocytic blast crisis. In the first and the second crises, after 2 years of chronic phase, the blasts were only weakly positive or negative for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Based on other morphological features of the blasts, however, lymphoid blast crisis was strongly suspected. Actually, he responded well to the vincristine and prednisolone therapy. In the third crisis, the blasts showed myelomonocytic features. He did not respond to the same regimen, and died of intracranial infiltration during daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside therapy after one year from the first crisis. Chromosomal analysis showed the karyotypes of 46, XY, t(9:22) (q34:q11) in the chronic phase, 45, XY, -7, -9, +der(9) t(7;9) (q11;p11), t(9:22) (q34:q11) in the lymphoid blast crisis, and 46, XY, t(9:22) (q34:q11), t(11:17) (q23:q25) in the myelomonocytic blast crisis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Comparison of thallium perfusion and electrocardiographic findings at exercise thallium-201 scintigraphy with coronary arteriographic findings].

Findings of thallium-201 perfusion (Tl) and exercise electrocardiography (ECG) at exercise thallium-201 scintigraphy was compared with coronary arteriographic findings (CAG) in 283 patients. We classified these cases into four groups by Tl and ECG; [A] Tl(+).ECG(+), [B] Tl(+).ECG(-), [C] Tl(-).ECG(+), [D] Tl(-).ECG(-). Redistribution of thallium-201 was evaluated by qualitative (visual) analysis. Three percent of group A consisted of the patients with normal coronary artery, and thirty-eight percent of group D consisted of the patients with coronary artery disease. On exercise thallium-201 scintigraphic imagings, most of patients with normal coronary artery showed redistribution of inferior (24%) and septum (45%). On exercise electrocardiographic findings, most of patients with normal coronary artery showed ST-segment depression in II, III, aVF, V5 and V6. In patients with coronary artery disease, single vessel disease in group B was larger than that in group C (62% vs. 33%, p less than 0.05), and triple vessel disease and left main truncus disease in group C was larger than that in group B (37% vs. 10%, p less than 0.05). On exercise thallium-201 scintigraphic imagings, most of false negative in patients with coronary artery disease changed to true positive by quantitative analysis. The patients with less than 90% coronary stenosis in group C was larger than that in group B (65% vs. 100%).

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Pericardial fibrosarcoma demonstrated by Ga-67 scintigraphy].

A case of malignant fibrosarcoma originated from pericardium was reported. A 31 year-old female who complained of general fatigue and back pain showed dilated cardiac shadow in chest X-ray. Cardiac blood pool scan with 99mTc-RBC revealed avascular mass in pericardial cavity which push the heart up and left side. It was suspected to be malignant, since the mass had increased 67Ga uptake. CT and MRI also demonstrated that the tissue characterization of the pericardial mass was irregular, and the mass compressed venous return. The large mass originated from pericardium caused the right sided cardiac failure. In 12 years ago, she had a history of operation which resected benign hemangioma in the same space (pericardium). We could suspect the malignant transformation between the two rare pericardial tumors; benign hemangioma and malignant fibrosarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefpodoxime proxetil in pediatric field].

We have carried out laboratory and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil (CS-807, CPDX-PR). The results are summarized as follows. CPDX-PR was given via oral administration to each 2 children at a single dose of 3 mg/kg and to each of 3 children in a 100 mg tablet. After the oral administration, mean peak serum levels of CPDX obtained for the 2 dose levels were 1.86 +/- 0.35 micrograms/ml and 2.16 +/- 0.63 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, respectively, and mean half-lives were 1.31 +/- 0.02 hours and 1.47 +/- 0.18 hours, respectively. The mean urinary excretion rate of CPDX was 32.8 +/- 1.0% in the first 12 hours after the oral administration of 3 mg/kg. When a dose of 100 mg tablet was given to each of the 3 children, urinary excretion rates in the first 12 hours were 43.5%, 48.6% and 24.8%, respectively. Treatment with CPDX-PR was done in 38 cases of pediatric bacterial infections; 19 cases of tonsillitis, 3 cases of pharyngitis, 1 case of bronchitis, 3 cases of pneumonia, 3 cases of scarlet fever, 2 cases of impetigo, 4 cases of UTI and 1 case each of phlegmone, subcutaneous abscess and balanitis. Results obtained were excellent in 23 cases, good in 15 cases. No significant side effect due to the drug was observed in any cases.

Absorption↗
PubMed1989

[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefteram pivoxil in pediatric field].

We have carried out laboratory and clinical studies on cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI, T-2588). The results are summarized as follows. CFTM-PI was given through oral administration to 2 children each at dose levels of 1.5 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg. After administration, mean peak serum levels of CFTM obtained for the 3 dose levels were 0.66 +/- 0.01 microgram/ml, 1.26 +/- 1.05 micrograms/ml and 2.28 +/- 0.95 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, respectively, and mean half-lives were 1.07 +/- 0.52 hours, 1.32 +/- 0.76 hours and 2.53 +/- 1.70 hours, respectively. Mean urinary excretion rates of CFTM were 19.0 +/- 4.0%, 9.4 +/- 1.5% and 19.9 +/- 4.0% in the first 8 hours after administration of 1.5 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg, respectively. Treatment with CFTM-PI was made in 36 cases of pediatric bacterial infections including 20 cases of tonsillitis, 3 cases of bronchitis, 6 cases of scarlet fever, 3 cases of UTI and 1 case each of bronchopneumonia, abscess, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and vaginitis. Results obtained were excellent in 22 cases, good in 14 cases. No significant side effect due to the drug was observed in any cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Usefulness of coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of the infarct-related artery in patients with prior myocardial infarction--follow up of infarct zone pre- and post-angioplasty by stress thallium scan].

We studied the efficacy of coronary angioplasty (PTCA) of the infarct-related artery in 29 patients with prior myocardial infarction by stress thallium scan. Twenty-seven patients had anterior myocardial infarction (single LAD disease), one had inferior (single RCA disease) and one had posterior (single LCX disease). According to the stress-redistribution thallium scintigraphic finding before PTCA, the patients were classified in 4 groups; (A): three patients with complete redistribution. (B): fourteen patients with incomplete redistribution. (C): seven patients with partial redistribution. (D): five patients with no redistribution. After PTCA, the parameters of residual ischemia in the infarct area (% RD and Thallium ischemic score = TIS) were improved significantly but those of infarct size (RD% uptake and Defect Score = DS) were improved slightly in group A. In group B and C, % RD, TIS, RD% uptake and DS were all improved significantly. In group D, TIS was improved slightly and DS was improved slowly 3 months after PTCA. Group A had high probability of viable muscle and group D had high probability of scar at the infarct zone. Group B and C showed intermediate type between group A and D. The change of infarct area after PTCA was variable in 4 groups but both residual ischemia and infarct size decreased in all groups. Thus, PTCA of infarct-related coronary artery is useful even in the patients with prior myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Serial assessment of myocardial thallium perfusion and fatty acid utilization in spontaneously hypertensive rats: assessment by autoradiography and pin-hole imaging].

To evaluate the advantage of free fatty acid imaging on the detection of hypertrophied myocardium, we compared sequentially myocardial thallium and BMIPP (15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(R,S)-methyl pentadecanoic acid) distribution in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) using dual tracer autoradiography and in vivo pin-hole imaging. Autoradiography and pin-hole imaging showed uniform myocardial distribution of BMIPP and thallium within less than 27 weeks age SHR. In 40 weeks age SHR, thallium myocardial distribution showed uniform, however, BMIPP had focal decreases. Quantitative analysis of pin-hole images showed that myocardial BMIPP and thallium uptake ratio decreased according to the ages of SHR. Our data suggest that hypertension is associated with uniform myocardial perfusion and focal alternation in the substrate used for the performance of myocardial work. Based on the above autoradiographic and in vivo pin-hole imagings, I-123 BMIPP imaging may have a potential for early detection on hypertrophic myocardium compared to thallium perfusion in clinically hypertensive patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Assessment of myocardial necrosis by 111In-antimyosin F ab scintigraphy].

111In-antimyosin F ab (AM) myocardial scintigraphy was carried out in (A) 13 patients with acute myocardial infarction (9.9 +/- 2.2 days from the onset) and (B) 9 with myocarditis and/or dilated cardiomyopathy. Forty eight hours after injection of AM, the patients were injected with 74 MBq (2 mCi) of thallium-201 (TL). The two sets of Planar and SPECT image were obtained simultaneously using dual energy window sets. In group A, positive focal AM uptake was demonstrated in 12 (92%) patients. Higher AM uptake was observed in patients who had PTCR/PTCA. By combination with TL, it is useful to detect inferior infarction and to differentiate old from acute infarction. Dual SPECT images gave precise information about the infarcted area. In group B, positive diffuse AM uptake was demonstrated in 7 (77%) patients. In conclusion, AM myocardial scintigraphy was proven to be useful for the assessment of acute necrosis after myocardial infarction but also on-going necrosis of myocarditis and/or myopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of neurotoxic lesions in the mammillary bodies on the distribution of brain histamine.

Unilateral lesions with ibotenic acid in the vicinity of the mammillary bodies where the histamine (HA)-secreting neurons are located induced bilateral reductions in the levels of HA in the posterior hypothalamus (40-60%), anterior hypothalamus (45%), and frontal cortex (30%) as well as in the ipsilateral hippocampus (40%) 7 days after injection. Changes in the concentration of HA in the median eminence and adenohypophysis were not significant, but in the neurohypophysis the content of HA increased by 80%. These results seem to indicate that intrahypothalamic and cortical HA pathways are bilateral in origin while hippocampal HA pathways are predominantly ipsilateral.

Animals↗