Biomedical subjects

T Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishimura.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

Fibrin glue in the surgical treatment of ranulas.

The essential treatment of a ranula is meticulous dissection of the thin wall of the cyst in continuity with the sublingual gland of origin. We have used a technique of fibrin glue injection into the cystic space of the ranula after it had been evacuated by aspiration. The fibrin glue within the cystic cavity prevents collapse of the wall of the cyst during surgery and facilitates and simplifies the surgical procedure by clearly outlining the involved area and by sharply delineating its thin wall.

Fibrin Tissue Adhesive↗

PubMed1989

Leukocyte-poor platelet concentrates at the bedside by filtration through Sepacell-PL.

We developed a new filter, 'Sepacell-PL', consisting of a blood administration set for the preparation of leukocyte-poor platelet concentrates at the patient's bedside. This filter is packed with 1.8 microns polyester fibers coated with a new polymer, and has a volume of 14 ml. Sepacell-PL removed more than 99% of the leukocytes while approximately 93% of platelets were recovered from 10 units of platelet concentrates which contained 5 x 10(8) leukocytes and 3 x 10(11) platelets. The functions of pre- and postfiltrated platelets were unchanged. The filtration procedure is very simple, without priming with saline to remove air and wet the filter. Moreover, platelet concentrates can be passed through the filter at a flow rate of 4 ml/min, or at a higher flow rate of 54 ml/min by gravity.

Blood Transfusion↗

PubMed1989

Colchicine-induced inhibition of fat globule development in hepatocytes of rats injected with ethionine.

To examine the effect of colchicine on ethionine-induced fatty liver, adult female rats were starved overnight and then injected i.p. with 1 g/kg ethionine at 11th hour of fasting; then a half of the rats were also injected i.p. with 2.5 mg/kg colchicine twice at 3 and 6 h after the single administration of ethionine. Similarly, fasted control rats were injected i.p. with vehicle alone at the above times. All of the rats were sacrificed after a 20-h fast, and the hepatocytes in periportal areas were observed ultrastructurally. In addition, total lipids in the liver tissue were extracted and determined biochemically. Although similar significant increases of triglyceride were observed in the liver tissue of all ethionine-injected rats, the hepatocytes in the group treated with both chemicals had fewer cytoplasmic fat globules (CFG) than those in the group treated with ethionine only. On the other hand, the diameters of markedly increased membrane-bound lipid particles (MLP) in the double-treated group were distributed mainly in the range 0.2-0.4 micron, compared with those (0.1-0.2 micron) in the other groups. These findings indicate that colchicine inhibits the development of CFG in ethionine-injured hepatocytes.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

A case of acquired conduction aphasia in a child.

A 10-year-old right-handed boy showed conduction aphasia with left-ear verbal extinction (paradoxical ipsilateral ear extinction) after removal of a arteriovenous malformation in the left parietal lobe. Buccofacial and ideomotor apraxia were not observed. Recovery from aphasia was dramatic. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging scans demonstrated damage confined to the left supramarginal gyrus invading the arcuate fasciculus. Together with recently reported cases of acquired fluent aphasia in children with CT-verified left posterior lesions, this case seems to support the current view that both fluent and nonfluent aphasia that share many similarities with the symptoms and lesion localization associated with adult cases may exist in children.

Aphasia↗

PubMed1989

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human autoantibody to glial fibrillary acidic protein: higher titer of the antibody is detected in serum of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

We have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) autoantibody in human sera. The ELISA was prepared by coating microtest plates with purified GFAP from bovine spinal cord. The autoantibody activities were assayed in the serum from 219 control subjects, 39 Alzheimer's disease patients and 39 cerebrovascular dementia patients. Higher titer of the antibody was observed in the serum of Alzheimer's disease patients. Since the titer showed no significant change with aging or with sex in the control serum, we could determine a certain normal value of the antibody titer. The percentage of abnormal subjects whose antibody levels were over the normal value was 53.8% in Alzheimer's disease (presenile onset) patients, 30.8% in Alzheimer's disease (senile onset) patients, 10.3% in cerebrovascular dementia patients and 5.5% in control subjects. We discuss the relationship between the anti-GFAP autoantibody and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and suggest that the evaluation of anti-GFAP autoantibody level may be useful in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Nilvadipine attenuates ischemic degradation of gerbil brain cytoskeletal proteins.

We have previously demonstrated that transient cerebral ischemia induces marked decreases in concentrations of cytoskeletal proteins and have suggested putative involvement of calpain in the decrease of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) content. We examine the effect of nilvadipine, a new calcium channel blocker, on protein degradation in gerbil brains after 5 minutes of bilateral carotid artery occlusion and compare this effect with those of nimodipine and nicardipine. By densitometric quantification of the electrophoretically separated soluble proteins, mean +/- SEM MAP2 content in the hippocampus (14.4 +/- 1.8 micrograms/mg protein) was depleted (5.4 +/- 0.5 micrograms/mg, p less than 0.01) 4 days after ischemia; this depletion was significantly inhibited by 1 or 10 mg nilvadipine/kg/day. MAP2 content was also depleted in vitro when normal nonischemic brain extract was incubated with calcium, but this degradation was not inhibited by the calcium channel blockers. Our results suggest that calcium channel blockers do not act directly on calpain but act at the calcium channels of neurons and may suppress activation of the enzyme and attenuate ischemic degradation of cytoskeletal protein. We found nilvadipine to be the most potent drug among those studied, and we believe it could be useful for the treatment of cerebral ischemia.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Positive platelet scintigram of a vertebral aneurysm presenting thromboembolic transient ischemic attacks.

We describe a patient with transient ischemic attacks secondary to a giant aneurysm who showed increased activity on platelet scintigrams at the origin of the left vertebral artery. This is assumed to be the first report of a presumed embolizing aneurysm with positive activity of labeled platelets. Platelet scintigraphy is useful for diagnosing transient ischemic attacks as being secondary to an aneurysm and was proved to provide direct evidence of a thromboembolic source in vivo.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Long-term coenzyme Q10 therapy for a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with cytochrome c oxidase deficiency: a 31P NMR study.

For 2 years we administered high doses of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) to a patient having mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. Abnormal elevation of the serum lactate per pyruvate ratio and the increased concentration of serum lactate plus pyruvate induced by exercise decreased with CoQ treatment. This therapeutic effect continued for 2 years. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed acceleration of the postexercise recovery of the ratio of phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate in muscle during CoQ treatment. These observations support the beneficial effect of CoQ on the impaired mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in muscle. Also, impaired central and peripheral nerve conductivities consistently improved during CoQ treatment. These results indicate that CoQ has clinical value in the long-term management of patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, even though there are clinical limitations to the effects of this therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the anti-ulcer drugs using image analysis technology: effect of aldioxa containing preparation on the experimental gastric ulcer in rats].

Direct measurements under a microscope have been employed to evaluate experimental gastric ulcers, but the following problems have been left unsettled: it takes too much time, and much experience is required to perform accurate, objective measurements. The present study demonstrates the usefulness of image analysis technology for evaluating anti-ulcer drugs. With this newly developed method, the region of gastric mucosal injury can be automatically and/or mechanically chosen on the basis of three different factors: intensity, hue and purity. Consequently, this method can be used to rapidly obtain analytical data such as the number, area and length of gastric ulcers. Effect of NNP, a preparation containing aldioxa, on three different types of experimental ulcer formation (stress-induced, ethanol-induced, and pylorus-ligation) was studied by image analysis technology. In all cases, NNP (2,562 mg/kg, p.o.) almost completely inhibited the formation of rat gastric ulcer. From the finding that image analysis technology is very useful for evaluating anti-ulcer drugs, we conclude that this method will help further the development of anti-ulcer drugs.

Allantoin↗

PubMed1989

Efficacy of absolute ethanol injection method for stress ulcer bleeding after major surgeries.

Emergency endoscopy, carried out in 342 cases of UGI overt bleeding at the Third Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University during the six year period from June 1979, demonstrated the necessity of endoscopic hemostasis in 171 cases (50%) with active bleeding, adhered fresh blood clot or exposed vessel with bloody gastric juice. The absolute ethanol injection method was applied to achieve hemostasis in all cases including 30 cases (18%) of postoperative stress ulcer bleeding after major surgeries. Temporary hemostasis was obtained successfully in all 30 cases and rebleeding did not develop. New bleedings in 2 cases (7%) were stopped by repeated injections of absolute ethanol. No patients died from bleeding nor underwent emergency or elective operation. Five patients (17%) died from complicated underlying diseases. Perforation developed in one case (3%). In this case new bleeding occurred on two occasions, and each time hemostasis was obtained. However, this patient showed early symptoms of perforation immediately before the third hemostasis, and was operated on after local injection of absolute ethanol. The complete hemostasis was achieved in 100% of postoperative stress ulcer cases by the ethanol method.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Serial assessment of myocardial infarction by using gated MR imaging and Gd-DTPA.

In order to assess the usefulness of Gd-DTPA in the evaluation of myocardial infarction, 17 patients were examined with gated MR imaging. Scans were made by using a spin-echo pulse sequence before and after IV administration of 0.15 mmol/kg of Gd-DTPA. The images were made at four intervals (average of 5, 12, 30, and 90 days) after the onset of the infarction. Gd-DTPA uptake at the infarcted area was graded as marked, moderate, or no increase in signal intensity by visual inspection. At these four time intervals, an area of increased signal intensity in the infarcted myocardium was detected on T1-weighted images after administration of Gd-DTPA in 14 (82%) of 17 cases, 16 (94%) of 17 cases, six (38%) of 16 cases, and three (21%) of 14 cases, respectively. Markedly increased signal intensity in infarcted areas was shown on T1-weighted images with Gd-DTPA at 5 and 12 days. The ratio of gadolinium uptake in the infarcted area to that in normal myocardium also was evaluated. At 5 and 12 days, the mean increase in signal intensity in the infarcted area was significantly higher than that in a normal area, but not at 30 and 90 days. Increased signal intensity also was apparent on T2-weighted images without Gd-DTPA at 5 and 12 days; however, the use of late echo reduced the signal-to-noise ratio, leading to image degradation. Uptake of Gd-DTPA was a positive marker in acute myocardial infarction, but no significant uptake of Gd-DTPA occurred in chronic myocardial infarction.

Contrast Media↗

PubMed1989

Cine MR imaging in mitral regurgitation: comparison with color Doppler flow imaging.

Cine MR imaging is a new technique that combines short repetition times, limited flip angles, gradient-refocused echoes, and cardiac gating. This procedure was performed in 20 patients in whom mitral regurgitation was shown on left ventriculography, and the results were compared with those of color Doppler flow mapping. In all cases, mitral regurgitation on cine MR imaging was depicted as an area of decreased signal intensity within the left atrium. The extent and severity of the regurgitant jet as seen by the two techniques were classified visually as 4+ (severe), 3+ (moderate), 2+ (mild), and 1+ (minimal). The results of the two methods were the same in 14 (70%) of the 20 patients. In five patients the results differed by one grade and in one patient by two grades. In addition, the maximal intrusion distance and area of the regurgitant jet divided by the area of the left atrium as determined by the two methods were compared. The correlation coefficients between the two methods in regard to the length and area of mitral regurgitation were .74 and .71, respectively. These data suggest that the accuracy of cine MR imaging in assessing the severity of mitral regurgitation is comparable to that of color Doppler flow imaging.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Application of local drug delivery system to periodontal therapy. 5. Clinical and microbiological effects of TC film application in furcation involvements].

Two molars having furcation grade II involvements were selected from each of six patients with periodontal diseases. One molar received a local application of tetracycline immobilized cross-liked collagen film four times at one-week intervals (TC film-treated group) and the other received no treatment (non-treated group). The clinical and microbiological effects were, as follows, 1. Throughout the experimental period, no significant differences in pocket depth, attachment level, bleeding on pocket probing, periotron unit, gingival index and plaque index were noted between the TC film-treated group and the non-treated group. 2. One week after TC-film application, the treated group showed significant decreases in the density of microorganisms and the proportion of spirochetes compared with the non-treated group. The results revealed the insufficient effectiveness of the local application of TC film by itself for the treatment of teeth having furcation grade II involvements.

Collagen↗

PubMed1989

Migration of simian virus 40 from the vascular system into the glomerular mesangial region.

The behavior of simian virus 40 (SV40) injected into the vascular system was investigated in the rat glomerulus. The kidney was perfused via the abdominal aorta with a serum-free culture medium for 5 min, with PBS solution containing SV40 and then with the same medium for 15 min at 37 degrees C. In the glomeruli, SV40 particles were detected in the lumen of the capillaries, fenestrations of endothelial cells and lamina rara interna of the glomerular basement membrane. They were also found in the mesangial matrix and mesangial cells. Invaginations of their membrane were observed on several surface areas where SV40 particles were localized close to the surface. Similarly, when the particles were injected into the tail vein, they were detected in the lamina rara interna, the mesangial matrix, and in vacuoles of mesangial cells at 2 h after the injection. These results indicate that SV40 particles migrate from the vascular system into the mesangial matrix, and are then endocytosed in vivo by mesangial cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Immunohistochemical study on the primary olfactory neuron of rat and suncus].

Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine), a putative neurotransmitter, was identified immunohistochemically in the primary olfactory neuron, using newly developed anti-carnosine antiserum. Similar results were obtained in the rat and suncus. Carnosine-like immunoreactivity was observed in the olfactory cells and its apical dendrites of the olfactory epithelium. The olfactory nerve and glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb showed positive reaction. At electron microscopic level, carnosine-immunoreactive end products widely spread out in the cytoplasm of olfactory nerve cells and also on microtubules of olfactory cilia. In the glomerular layer, reaction products were found diffusely in many axon terminals. These terminals had small spherical vesicles and often made asymmetric synaptic contacts to the second neuron. Unilateral closure of the olfactory naris resulted lower immunoreactivity of tyrosine hydroxylase in periglomerular cells, which are dopaminergic interneurons and are thought to regulate neurotransmission of olfactory input. In contrast no remarkable changes were seen on carnosine immunoreactivity in olfactory bulb. The present results suggest that carnosine may play some important roles in the olfactory mucosa. The functional role of carnosine remarks to be further examined.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Facial bone fracture--statistical analysis and clinical aspects].

We experienced 102 cases of facial bone fracture during 16 months of 1986 to 1987. These cases were analyzed statistically concerning causes, age and locations of the fracture. These fractures have increased rapidly in number. The causes were classified into three types; occurrence during sport, traffic accident and fighting, which were equal in number. There were 85% males and 15% females in the patient cohort, which were concentrated at the ages of 10-20 years. A large part of the fractures was mostly consisted of maxillo-facial components (95%). These trends were similar to the previous report of our clinic (1972-1979). On the other hand, not only severe dysfunctioning cases but also complicated cases increased in number, so that the several clinical aspects were reported. Case 1: 17-year-old male presented with retraction of left cheek caused by Rugby foot ball, whose malar bone was dislocated backward and anticlockwise, was treated with oroantral reduction and with the intermaxillary packing of silicon blocks. Case 2: 10-year-old boy with complaint of double vision occurred by head blow to right eye. Pure type blowout fracture of the orbital floor was presented, which was reconstructed by silicon plate from the incision of the lower eyelid. Case 3: 59-year-old male presented with 6 month history of diplopia and retraction of left eye ball, had been under the conservative care by an eye doctor. X-ray examination showed the intraorbital soft tissue was blown out into the ethmoidal sinus. However the transethmoidal reduction was performed, the result was not satisfactory.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[Clinical application of third generation extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor (TRIPTER X-1) to upper urinary tract stones].

Clinical trials of the third generation extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor (TRIPTER X-1) on 30 patients with upper urinary tract calculi were performed from May to July, 1988. Eighteen patients (60%) were free from stones and 5 (16.7%) had stone fragments less than 5 mm, the effective rate of treatment which is sum of both group being 76.7 per cent, at one month after the treatment. The effective rate was 72.7 per cent for stones in the kidney and 87.5 per cent for those in the upper ureter. And the effective rate as to stone size was 100, 66.7 and 71.4 per cent, in stones less than 1 cm, 1 cm to less than 2 cm and 2 to 2.5 cm, respectively. Although gross hematuria skin ecchymosis, pain and fever were observed as side effects, none was serious enough to be mentioned. And post operative changes in blood chemistry were mild and transient. We confirmed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy using this machine for upper urinary tract stones is an effective treatment without any serious side effects.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Biological properties of streptonigrin derivatives. III. In vitro and in vivo antiviral and antitumor activities.

Antitumor antibiotic streptonigrin (STN-COOH) is a potent inhibitor of avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) and human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptases. The carboxyl group at 2'-position of STN-COOH was modified to give esters, hydrazide, amides and amino acid derivatives for biological studies. Against AMV reverse transcriptase, the hydrazide, amides and amino acid derivatives showed inhibitory activity, which compared favorably to that of STN-COOH, with the ID50 values ranging 2-8 micrograms/ml. In contrast, the esters lacked this activity except for those having a dimethylamino group in the substituent. Splenomegaly caused by Friend leukemia virus infection was significantly inhibited by STN-COOH and STN-COO(CH2)3N(CH3)2, but not STN-CONH(CH2)3N(CH3)2. Doxorubicin-resistant murine lymphoblastoma L5178Y cells showed collateral sensitivity to both STN-COOH and STN-COO(CH2)3N(CH3)2 not only in vitro but also in vivo.

Animals↗