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Biomedical subjects

T Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to T Nishida.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Morphological observations on the cranial and facial bones of the crab-eating monkey].

Forty seven skulls of the crab-eating monkey (Macaca fascicularis) were investigated for their morphological characteristics. Five of them were disintegrated into component bones by the use of the papain. Each cranial and facial bone of this species resembled that of the rhesus monkey (M. mulatta) in its general morphology. Some obvious differences, however, were noticed in the detailed structure of the skulls between these two species. The uncinate process of the ethmoid bone was found in the rhesus monkey but was not found in the crab-eating monkey. The intrajugular process of the temporal and occipital bones was present in the crab-eating monkey but absent in the rhesus monkey. The nasal process of the incisor bone was sutured with frontal bone in the rhesus monkey but was not sutured with that bone in the crab-eating monkey.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Natural killer cells kill human retinoblastoma cells.

Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from healthy individuals and their cytotoxicity against retinoblastoma cells was measured using 51Cr-release assay. The lysis of two human retinoblastoma cell lines, Y-79 and WERI-Rb 1, varied greatly from blood donor to donor, but the lysis of K-562 was very similar among the donors. Furthermore, the lysis of Y-79 was markedly inhibited by the addition of K-562, a natural killer (NK) cell-sensitive target, but not by Raji, an NK-resistant target, suggesting that both Y-79 and K-562 shared a common NK-directed antigen. The major cytotoxic activity was associated with nonphagocytic and nonadherent cells, and it was finally recovered in the low-density fraction which was enriched with large granular lymphocytes. These lines of evidence indicate that natural killer cells (NK cells) in the peripheral blood killed retinoblastoma cell lines. On the other hand, three kinds of retinoblastoma cells freshly isolated from patients were resistant to the lysis by the lymphocytes obtained from the donors with high NK activity. However, these tumor cells displayed an enhanced susceptibility when the effectors from the same donors were treated with interferon. The study of NK cells and the interferon system may shed light on the treatment of retinoblastoma.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1984

Fibronectin synthesis by the rabbit cornea: effects of mouse epidermal growth factor and cyclic AMP analogs.

We investigated whether the cornea can synthesize fibronectin which participates in corneal wound-healing. We also examined the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and cyclic AMP analogs on fibronectin synthesis by the cornea. Rabbit corneal blocks were cultured in medium without serum, and the amount of fibronectin in culture medium was determined by ELISA assay. When rabbit corneal blocks were cultured in the medium alone, fibronectin contents in the medium increased with increase in the incubation period. This increase was enhanced by the addition of EGF to the culture medium, and was inhibited by addition of a protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide. The addition of cAMP analogs, 8-bromo cyclic-AMP and dibutyryl cAMP, to the culture medium also increased the rate of fibronectin production by the cornea. These results show that the cornea can synthesize fibronectin and its synthesis is stimulated by EGF and cAMP analogs.

8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1984

A newer hyperthermic therapy with a bacterial immunopotentiator (OK432) for chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer.

Systemic hyperthermic therapy was applied to two patients with chemotherapy-resistant malignancy. To obtain hyperthermia, a pyretic effect of a bacterial immunostimulant (OK432) was utilized. In a case of pseudomyxoma peritonei, her distended abdominal girth showed a remarkable decrease during this therapy. In another case, an endodermal sinus tumor, the serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level of the patient was lowered temporally and leukopenia induced by prior cytotoxic chemotherapies was significantly recovered. Because of the anticancer effect of OK432 itself, an accurate evaluation of this is difficult. At a moderate estimate, however, this method seems to be feasible as a useful adjuvant therapy in the management of cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical aspects of ovarian endodermal sinus tumor].

To study the clinical characteristics of ovarian endodermal sinus tumor, 22 patients with this disease who were managed at the Kurume University Hospital from 1970 to 1983 are analysed retrospectively. Before 1977 the patients received mainly radiation therapy as a postoperative treatment, and only two of 13 patients during this period survived. After 1978, multi-drug combination chemotherapy brought a remarkable improvement in the prognosis showing six survival cases out of 8 patients, and four of them are still alive with no evidence of the disease. Although the therapeutic efficacy of the combination of vincristine, actinomycin D and cyclophosphamide, or cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, vinblastine and bleomycin was evident as previously reported, half of the cases achieved a drug-resistance against these regimens during the first line therapy and this required a change in the program. Further, two drop out cases caused by the severe side effects of these aggressive treatment were noted. The best treatment for malignant germ cell tumors is not yet known, and a more effective and acceptable program is demanded to attain the goal of chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Prognostic significance of glioblastoma element in ovarian immature teratoma.

A case of ovarian immature teratoma containing glioblastoma element with increased serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is demonstrated. In spite of a series of postoperative chemotherapeutic programs reported to be effective against gonadal germ cell tumors, the patient's condition continued to worsen even though the level of AFP had decreased to the normal range after the first line therapy with vincristine, actinomycin D and cyclophosphamide. The serum AFP titer in this case was unreliable as a tumor marker. Histologic examination of recurrent and metastatic tumors obtained at autopsy showed that other teratomatous tissues were widely infiltrated by a proliferated glioblastoma element. When considering the prognosis of ovarian immature teratoma, it is important to realize the aggressive potential of glioblastoma multiforme as a component.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Superoxide dismutase activity in diabetic rat retina.

We investigated the changes in superoxide dismutase activity in the retina, cornea, lens, blood, liver and kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Superoxide dismutase activity decreased in the retina; however, no changes were found in the cornea, lens, blood, liver and kidney. Electrophoretic studies showed no qualitative alteration of the enzyme protein in the diabetic rat retina. The present results show that superoxide dismutase activity decreased in the diabetic rat retina, and that superoxide reacted with unsaturated fatty acids of the retinal cells resulting in an increase of lipid peroxide contents. Superoxide dismutase may play a regulatory role in diabetic retinopathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of genome structures among three different strains of avian erythroblastosis virus.

The genomic DNAs of two strains of avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV), AEV-R and AEV-H, were molecularly cloned in Escherichia coli using lambda Charon 16A as a vector. Comparison of the restriction maps of the cloned DNAs with that of AEV-ES4 DNA revealed that R strain is identical with ES4 strain, but totally differs from H strain. The erbB gene product of AEV-R and that of AEV-H were shown to be glycoproteins with molecular weights of 68,000 and 72,000, respectively. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 3' part of the erbB gene showed that the erbB gene in AEV-R is 126 base pairs (bp) shorter than that in AEV-H, which might result in some difference in tumorigenicity between these viruses.

Alpharetrovirus↗