It is known that the serum level of glycylproline aminopeptidase (Gly-Pro-AP) is decreased in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study, the serum levels of various hydrolytic enzymes were tested in such patients. In comparison to the controls, many enzymes, including Ala-AP, Ser-AP, Phe-AP, Gly-Pro-AP, Gly-Pro-Leu-AP, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase (angiotensin converting enzyme), and esterase, showed significantly decreased activities in the patients' sera. Only the activity of Trp-AP was significantly increased. Of these enzymatic activities in serum, several ones including those of Gly-Pro-AP, Ala-AP, Phe-AP, trypsin-like enzyme, and esterase, were significantly correlated with the severity of the disease. Although a part of these findings are compatible with previous observations, they suggest rather more extensive disorders of peptide metabolism in this immunological disease.

Acetylcholinesterase↗

PubMed1984

Different tendencies of changes in hydrolytic enzyme activities in sera from prostatic cancer patients with or without bone metastasis.

Serum levels of various hydrolytic enzymes in prostatic cancer patients with or without bone metastasis were compared with those in patients with prostatic hypertrophy and in the control subjects. The enzymes tested included 11 aminopeptidases, 2 endopeptidases, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase, esterase, acetyl cholinesterase, and RNase. Although most of the enzymatic levels tended to be decreased in the cancer patients without bone metastasis, they tended to be increased in those with metastasis as well as in the patients with prostatic hypertrophy. Thus, bone metastasis is an important factor affecting the serum levels of hydrolytic enzymes in cancer patients. Of the enzymes tested, RNase was unique in that its serum levels were significantly increased regardless of the existence of bone metastasis. This enzyme may become a marker of malignancy.

Aged↗

PubMed1984

[Comparative study on intravenous drip infusion of dibekacin once daily and twice daily in treatment of complicated urinary tract infections].

Dibekacin (DKB) was administered to patients with complicated urinary tract infections without any indwelling catheter to evaluate objectively and comparatively the efficacy, safety and usefulness of intravenous drip infusion once daily and twice daily in a well-controlled study. A 50 mg dose of DKB was administered twice a day to group A, and a 100 mg dose was given once a day to group B. In both groups the drug was given by 1-hr i.v. infusion for 5 consecutive days. Drug efficacy was evaluated in 72 (group A: 36, group B: 36) of the 83 patients treated, and the safety was evaluated on 81 patients (group A: 41, group B: 40). There were no significant differences in the background characteristics between the two groups. The overall clinical efficacy judged by the Committee for Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy was "excellent" in 14% and "moderate" in 50% of group A, and "excellent" in 17% and "moderate" in 64% of group B, the efficacy being higher for group B than group A, but the difference was not statistically significant. The overall drug efficacy rate for each type of infection excluding group 2, was slightly higher in group B, but this difference was not significant either. The overall clinical efficacy for each site of infection, was higher for group B but the differences were not significant. The overall clinical efficacy as judged by the attending physicians was "excellent" in 17% and "moderate" in 58% of group A, and "excellent" in 25% and "moderate" in 61% of group B. The intergroup difference was thus smaller than that judged by the Committee. The elimination rates against bacteriuria were 58% for both groups A and B, and the decrease rates including "cleared" were 42% against pyuria for both groups A and B. Bacteriological evaluation, showed that there was no significant difference in the eradication rates, between group A (65%) and group B (70%). But the eradication rate for gram-positive bacteria was 40% in group A and 81% in group B, there being a significant difference (P less than 0.05) between them. The evaluation of usefulness gave 44% and 53% "satisfactory" rates, respectively, for groups A and B. The results for the "average score" were also the same in both groups. There were no side effects in any of the 81 patients examined. Abnormal laboratory test values attributed to the drug were seen only in 3 and 2 patients in groups A and B, respectively, there being no difference between the groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

[Comparative studies of DL-8280 and pipemidic acid in complicated urinary tract infections by double-blind method].

The clinical efficacy, safety and usefulness of DL-8280 for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections were compared with those of pipemidic acid (PPA) by a double-blind method. DL-8280 and PPA were orally administered at a daily dose of 600 mg (t.i.d.) and 2.0 g (q.i.d.) for 5 days, respectively. Of the 311 patients who received DL-8280 or PPA, clinical efficacy, safety and usefulness were evaluated in 228 patients (DL-8280, 115; PPA, 113), 306 patients (DL-8280, 153; PPA, 153) and 250 patients (DL-8280, 124; PPA, 126), respectively. There was no significant difference in the background characteristics between the two groups. In the DL-8280 group the overall clinical efficacy was excellent in 39.1% and moderate in 41.7%, the effectiveness rate being 80.9%, whereas in the PPA group it was excellent in 23.9% and moderate in 33.6%, the effectiveness rate being 57.5%. The efficacy in the DL-8280 group was significantly higher than that in the PPA group (P less than 0.001). According to classification by the type of infection, the overall clinical efficacy of DL-8280 in groups except group 2 (monomicrobial infection, post prostatectomy) and group 3 (monomicrobial infection, upper urinary tract infection) was superior to that of PPA, the difference being significant. Pyuria was cleared or improved in 59.1% of the patients treated with DL-8280 and in 46.0% of the patients with PPA. The difference was not significant. Bacteriuria was eliminated in 76.5% in the DL-8280 group and in 50.4% in the PPA group. DL-8280 demonstrated a significantly higher response than PPA (P less than 0.001). Of the bacteria isolated from the DL-8280 group and PPA group 89.0% and 72.1%, respectively, were eradicated after the treatment, a significant difference being observed between the two groups (P less than 0.001). The clinical efficacy evaluated by the doctor in charge was excellent in 46.1% and good in 37.4% of the patients treated with DL-8280 and excellent in 26.5% and good in 34.5% of the patients treated with PPA, the intergroup difference in the efficacy being significant (P less than 0.001). The evaluation of usefulness of DL-8280 and PPA was "satisfactory" for 71.8% and 47.6%, respectively, the difference being significant (P less than 0.001). Side effects were observed in 11 patients (7.2%) in the DL-8280 group and in 12 patients (7.8%) in the PPA group, but none were serious.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1984

Postoperative acute renal and hepatic failure in a case of pheochromocytoma, possibly induced by disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1983

Ultrasonic diagnosis of scrotal contents using newly developed circular compound scanner.

A prototype circular compound scanner for scrotal contents was developed in order to improve the ultrasonogram (Aloka SSD 115 Gray Scale Unit, employing 3MHz ASO-25H mechanical sector scanner). Using this scanner, 21 patients with scrotal masses were examined. The internal structure of a testicular tumor and a testes with a hydrocele were clearly visualized. This scanner has proven useful in the evaluation of the scrotal contents.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Effects of intravesical instillation of antitumor drugs on the induction of preneoplastic bladder lesions in rats.

The effects of adriamycin (ADR) and mitomycin C (MMC) as inhibitors of the development of bladder tumors in rats were studied. Six-week-old female F344 rats were divided into nine groups, five of which received 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for the first 4 weeks, no treatment for 1 week, and then intravesical instillation once a week of ADR, MMC, or physiological saline or no instillation (no catheterization) for 12 weeks. The other four groups received no BBN for the first 5 weeks of the experiment and then received ADR, MMC, or physiological saline as above for 12 weeks. The bladders were examined by light microscopy 17 weeks after the beginning of the experiment. Results showed that development of preneoplastic lesions induced in the bladders of the rats by BBN was stimulated by subsequent instillation of ADR or MMC. This result suggests that ADR and MMC have promoting activities in bladder carcinogenesis of rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Randomized clinical trial on chemoprophylaxis of recurrence in cases of superficial bladder cancer.

Several postoperative adjuvant therapeutic modalities have been adopted in attempts to reduce the recurrence rate of superficial bladder cancer. However, no definite conclusions on the effectiveness of intravesical chemoprophylaxis have been reached. A randomized clinical study on intravesical chemoprophylaxis was conducted by the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin to compare the recurrence rates among 575 patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Group A received 30 mg/30 ml Adriamycin; group B received 20 mg/40 ml Adriamycin; group C received 20 mg/40 ml mitomycin C, and group D, no treatment (for control). Instillation was performed twice a week for 4 weeks after surgery. The postoperative observation period was 18 months. The overall recurrence rate in group D was 61.5%, which was statistically higher than in the other groups. The Adriamycin and Mitomycin C groups showed recurrence rates of 43%-48% and 57%, respectively. Intravesical Adriamycin and Mitomycin C appeared to be effective in the prophylaxis of recurrence during this observation period. The main side-effect was cystitis syndrome, which was observed in 10%-20% of the patients. There were no life-threatening adverse effects in this series of patients.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗

PubMed1983

Effect of hyperthermic vesical irrigation with bleomycin on the ultrastructure of the well-differentiated tumour and non-tumorous mucosa of the human urinary bladder.

Bladder tumours and non-tumorous bladder mucosa were studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in seven patients who had undergone hyperthermic vesical irrigation with bleomycin. The treatment induced sloughing of the outermost tumour cells, an increase of blebs and a decrease of cytoplasmic processes of the deeply located tumour cells as well as cellular degeneration. Although less severe, non-tumorous mucosa showed similar changes. Microvilli also appeared on the superficial cells of non-tumorous mucosa after the treatment. This treatment is effective by inducing cell degeneration and desquamation but not selective to the bladder tumour.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Increased agglutinability of bladder epithelial cells by concanavalin A in rats fed several biphenyl derivatives.

Biphenyl and its derivatives, 2-aminobiphenyl, 2-nitrobiphenyl, 4-aminobiphenyl, 4-nitrobiphenyl, p-phenylphenol, o-phenylphenol (OPP), and o-phenylphenol sodium salt tetrahydrate (OPP-Na) were examined for their bladder carcinogenicity in rats by a short-term assay for agglutinability of bladder epithelial cells with concanavalin A. Increased agglutinability was observed after 1-week treatment with 2.0% and 1.0% OPP, 2.0% and 1.0% OPP-Na, 0.5 and 0.1% 4-aminobiphenyl, and 0.5% 4-nitrobiphenyl in the diet, suggesting carcinogenicity of these compounds in the bladder. Such an increase in agglutinability was not observed in rats fed diets containing biphenyl, 2-aminobiphenyl, 2-nitrobiphenyl or p-phenylphenol at 2.0%. With OPP-Na, an in vivo carcinogenesis experiment was performed. Bladder carcinomas developed in 14 of 36 male Fisher rats fed a 2% OPP-Na diet for 50 weeks.

Agglutination Tests↗

PubMed1983

Agglutination assay of bladder cells by Concanavalin A proved the high susceptibility of analbuminemic rats to bladder carcinogens.

The susceptibility of analbuminemic rats, a mutant strain of Sprague-Dawley rats, to bladder carcinogens was examined by testing the agglutinability of isolated bladder epithelial cells by Concanavalin A (Con A). One-week treatment with 0.001% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BHBN) in the drinking water or 0.01% N-(4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl)-formamide (FANFT), 0.01% and 0.1% 4-aminobiphenyl, 0.1% 4-nitrobiphenyl, 0.1% benzidine, 0.1% 2-napthylamine or 5% sodium saccharin in the diet clearly induced high agglutinability of bladder cells of male analbuminemic rats but not Sprague-Dawley rats. These results suggest that male analbuminemic rats are very susceptible to bladder carcinogens in general and therefore will be very useful in screening tests for bladder carcinogens.

2-Naphthylamine↗