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Biomedical subjects

T Morimoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Morimoto.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance of perfused salivary gland.

Phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) was used for the sequential measurement of phosphorus energy metabolites in perfused canine submandibular gland. Under resting conditions, ATP and creatine phosphate levels were 0.42 +/- 0.11 mM and 0.62 +/- 0.16 mM (mean +/- S.D., in nine glands). When perfusion of the gland was stopped, the tissue contents of ATP and creatine phosphate decreased, that of ADP increased and tissue pH decreased. Restarting perfusion led to recoveries of the tissue content of the phosphorus compounds and tissue pH to normal. Acetylcholine administration induced secretion of saliva, decreased the level of ATP, creatine phosphate and tissue pH, and increased the ADP level.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1983

Ligation and catheterization of the hepatic artery for palliative treatment of malignant hepatic tumors.

Eleven unresectable hepatoma patients and three metastatic tumor patients with colonic cancer underwent ligation and/or catheterization of the hepatic artery of the main tumor-bearing zone. Mitomycin C (liquid or microcapsulated) or Adriamycin were administered via the catheter intermittently or continuously with a portable pump device. In follow-up study the tumor size was frequently visualized by arteriography via the cannula. Some tumors became smaller with calcification. The levels of alpha-Fetoprotein of CEA in some cases dropped remarkably and stayed low for a fairly long period. There was no immediate postoperative death. Six of 11 unresectable hepatoma patients survived longer than 8 months with a maximum survival of 17.5 months. Two of three metastatic patients have survived more than 11 months at this writing. This method seems effective for prolongation of patient survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Pelvic exenteration combined with sacral resection for recurrent rectal cancer.

Local recurrence of rectal cancer following abdominoperineal resection is rarely amenable to limited resection. Computed tomographic (CT) study of the pelvis revealed recurrent tumor images in relation to the adjacent pelvic structures. Five patients with deeply invading recurrent lesions were submitted to pelvic exenteration combined with sacral resection. No postoperative deaths were encountered. The postoperative sharp drops of serum CEA levels are useful for judging the adequacy of this procedure. The follow-up status of the 5 patients, respectively: 14 months alive with pulmonary metastasis, 9 months alive without symptoms but with slightly elevated CEA levels, and 8 months, 3 months, and 3 weeks alive with no evidence of disease. All patients who were relieved of perineal or sciatic nerve pain are now able to walk without any assistance or trouble. Total en bloc residual pelvic exenteration combined with sacral resection is a reasonable treatment for locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of a viable eccrine sweat gland by dispase.

Dispase was used to obtain viable eccrine sweat glands from human skin in an intact shape. The full thickness of human skin was soaked in a solution of dispase in Eagle's minimum essential medium at a concentration of 500 units/ml and kept in a refrigerator at 4 degrees C for 24 h. The epidermal sheet with its appendages could then be easily separated from the dermis by lifting the epidermis with fine forceps. Electron-microscopic observation revealed that the eccrine sweat gland was completely separated froM the dermis at the basement membrane zone. The isolated epidermal sheet was scarcely dissociated by mechanical agitation in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. The eccrine sweat gland was cut away from the epidermis by using microscissors under a stereomicroscope. A cell suspension of the isolated eccrine sweat glands was obtained after trypsinization. The cells remained more than 90% viable up to 48 h in the culture medium. The obtained viable eccrine sweat glands will be useful for the study of the biology of sweating.

Eccrine Glands↗
PubMed1983

Current status of benign biliary disorders in Japan and accuracy rates of preoperative diagnoses. Collective review of 14,654 patients.

Data on 14,654 patients preoperatively diagnosed for benign lesions who had undergone surgical treatment during a 2 year period (April 1979 to March 1981) were obtained from 145 institutions. A total of 18,891 biliary disorders were confirmed and classified into 18 groups: stones in the gallbladder, 12,272 patients (83.7 percent of all patients); stones in the extrahepatic bile duct, 3,605 patients (24.6 percent); stones in the intrahepatic bile duct, 570 patients (3.9 percent); acalculous cholecystitis, 463 patients (3.2 percent); idiopathic dilatation of bile ducts, 375 patients (2.6 percent); stenosing papillitis, 274 patients (1.9 percent); benign stricture of bile ducts, 133 patients (0.9 percent); and others. Malignant tumors were found in 243 patients, of whom 132 (54.3 percent) were not expected to have gallbladder cancer. Accuracy rates for preoperative diagnoses in the patients with gallstones of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts or the gallbladder, idiopathic dilatation of the bile ducts, benign stricture of the bile ducts, or benign stenosis of the papilla of Vater were higher than 90 percent. However, the false-negative rates for these six disorders, except gallstones of the gallbladder, were higher than 16 percent. Therefore, despite advances in diagnostic procedures before surgery, intraoperative examinations remain indispensable for determining the most effective approach to surgical repair.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Ondine's curse: therapeutic trial of dimefline.

Ondine's curse is a rare disorder characterized by primary failure of central regulation of breathing, resulting in severe hypoventilation during sleep. This report describes a 14-year-old girl with both this disorder and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. As a therapeutic trial, dimefline was administered orally, which was effective in deepening respiration for certain periods of sleep, during which time blood gas levels improved significantly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Intracellular pH determination by a 31P-NMR technique. The second dissociation constant of phosphoric acid in a biological system.

To evaluate the accuracy of pH determination by 31P-NMR, factors which influence the pK value of phosphate were appraised on the basis of the titration of 1 mM phosphate buffer solution. When the method is used for the determination of cytoplasmic pH, ionic strength is the major factor causing shifts of apparent pK (pK') value, and the magnitude of the shift can be predicted from the ionic strength calculated by means of the Debye-Hückel equation. Ions (Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) and salivary protein affected the pK' value by 0.1 to 0.3 units in solution with a given ionic strength depending on the species of ion. The form of the titration curve varied with temperature. Based on these results, the value of 6.75 was obtained with the uncertainty of 0.12 for the intracellular pK' of frog muscle at 24 degrees C.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Image diagnosis of parathyroid glands in chronic renal failure.

Twenty-two out of 31 patients with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy before operation underwent non-invasive image diagnosis of parathyroid glands by computed tomography (CT), scintigraphy with 201TlCl and 99mTcO4+, and/or ultrasonography. CT visualized 39 of 45 parathyroid glands (86.7%), weighing more than 500 mg. Scintigraphy with a subtraction method using a computer performed the diagnosis in 19 of 27 glands (70.4%). Ultrasonography detected 21 of 27 glands (77.8%). Image diagnosis was also useful in the postoperative follow-up study. The non-invasive image diagnosis of parathyroid glands in patients with chronic renal failure is thus valuable for 1) definite diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism, 2) localization, and 3) diagnosis for effectiveness of conservative treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Alteration in directional specificity of interdental dimension discrimination with the degree of mouth opening.

The interdental dimension discrimination (IDD) ability was tested at seven different degrees of mouth opening: 40 mm, 30 mm, 20 mm and 10 mm openings for the dentate subjects, and 10 mm opening, intercuspal position (ICP) and the ICP minus 5 mm for the edentulous subjects. The subjects were asked to discriminate between pairs of sticks held alternately between the upper and lower incisors. The IDD ability, evaluated in terms of the 50% difference limen (DL), did not differ significantly between any two of the tests conducted at seven different openings, although the number of misjudgments of the dentate subjects tended to increase with the degree of mouth opening. On the other hand, the directional specificity of the IDD, which is a tendency to overestimate the dimension of the first stick of each pair, developed almost linearly with a decrease in the opening degree. These findings indicate that the behaviour of the receptors concerned varies with the intermaxillary distance. Some edentulous subjects could not perceive the presence of a small test stick at the overclosed position (ICP -5 mm), but vibration applied to the mandible enabled the subjects to detect the stick at the same opening. These results support the assumption that the muscle spindles of the jaw-closing muscles are the receptors responsible for the IDD.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Canine blood volume and cardiovascular function during hyperthermia.

The effect of acute hyperthermia on hemodynamic functions and blood volume regulation was examined on eight splenectomized dogs. Elevation of core body temperature by 2 degrees C over 90 min caused significant increase in cardiac output (11.2 +/- 12.5 ml X min-1 X kg-1 or about 10%) and significant decrease in total peripheral resistance (TPR; -1.3 +/- 1.0 mmHg X s X ml-1 or about 20%), whereas blood volume (BV), plasma oncotic pressure, and intravascular protein mass remained unchanged. Thus the raised core temperature caused peripheral vasodilation with decreased TPR and compensatory increase in cardiac output. Because BV remained unchanged during warming, mobilization of extravascular fluid did not occur; only the redistribution of blood to the vasodilated cutaneous circulation took place. To assess the effects of heat stress on transvascular fluid equilibrium, Ringer solution (10.7 ml X kg-1 X 10 min-1) was infused under normothermic and hyperthermic conditions. The volume of fluid retained within the intravascular space under equilibrium state was 33.5% in hyperthermia and 9.4% in normothermia. In hyperthermia, the transvascular fluid shift and urinary output were decreased both during and after infusion. The role of preferential fluid retention within the intravascular space observed during hyperthermia was discussed in relation to the mechanism to maintain cardiovascular function and BV under heat stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Distribution of water losses among fluid compartments of tissues under thermal dehydration in the rat.

Dehydration amounting to about 10% of body weight was induced in adult male rats by exposure to a hot, dry environment (D.B.T., 36 degrees C; R.H., 20%) over 6 to 8 hr. The volumes of total water (TW), extracellular fluid (ECF), and plasma (PV) were determined both on individual tissues and on the whole body using the constant dry weight as well as 51Cr-EDTA and 125I-RIHSA dilution methods. Total body water (TBW), intracellular (ICF), and interstitial (ISF) fluid volumes were calculated from these data. The 10% loss of body weight caused a decrease in TBW by 17% from the control value; 41% of this loss was from ICF, 47% from ISF, and 12% from PV. The decrease of ISF was proportional to that of PV and the water loss from ICF was caused by an increase in plasma osmolality. As to the water loss from organs, 40% of the whole body water loss came from muscle, 30% from skin, 14% from bone, and 14% from viscera. The G.I. tract had the highest tendency to lose water while the brain and liver showed the least. These findings suggest that under heat-induced dehydration, both the extra- and intracellular fluid compartments of muscle and skin play an important role in the compensation of water loss and in the maintenance of circulation to the brain and liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Circulatory failure during severe hyperthermia in dog.

The effect of acute hyperthermia on circulatory function was studied in 6 mongrel dogs. At a core temperature of about 40 degrees C, central venous pressure and stroke volume were maintained at almost normal level. Cardiac output significantly increased (26 ml/(kg . min)) while systemic vascular resistance significantly decreased (1.2 mmHg . sec/ml). In addition, significant decrease in vascular compliance by 40% was observed. When body temperature was raised further (severe hyperthermia), an abrupt fall of arterial pressure was observed at the rectal temperature of about 41-42 degrees C. Concomitant decreases in central venous pressure (3 mmHg), stroke volume (2.1 ml/beat) and cardiac output (29 ml/(kg . min)) were observed while heart rate increased (48 beats/min). These results suggest that the decrease in cardiac output during severe hyperthermia is due to the fall of central venous pressure, and the fall was attributed to the increase in unstressed vascular volume of systemic circulation due to the heat-induced cutaneous vasodilation. The observed decrease in systemic vascular compliance is considered to have a significant role in the maintenance of central venous pressure under hyperthermia.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance study on lactate and intracellular pH in frog muscle.

High resolution proton magnetic resonance spectra of intact frog muscle, obtained by the selective saturation of water signal with 15 min accumulation, showed well-resolved signals from lactate, carnosine, and other compounds. This technique was used to monitor the changes in lactate content and in intracellular pH which was estimated from the chemical shift of carnosine in muscle. The intracellular pH was estimated to be 7.1 in fresh muscles. Under an anaerobic condition, resting muscle showed a gradual increase in lactate content with intracellular acidification. When the anaerobic muscle was electrically stimulated for 5 sec, a transient acceleration of the lactate production and the intracellular acidification was observed. The intracellular buffer value was estimated to be 27 mEq/(pH X kg muscle), based on the pH change due to the increase in lactate content.

Animals↗