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Biomedical subjects

T Miyoshi

Publications and source records attributed to T Miyoshi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Incidence of anemia in women in fishing villages.

Studies were made on the incidence of anemia among women in fishing villages in Tokushima prefecture. In 839 women in the fishing villages, the mean values for hemoglobin (Hb) and the hematocrit (Ht) were 12.5 +/- 1.3 g/dl and 37.9 +/- 3.3%, respectively, and the incidence of anemia was 20.1%. The incidence of anemia was high in elderly women. In 158 women in the fishing villages, the mean serum level of iron was 80.0 +/- 41.6 micrograms/dl and the incidences of iron deficiency anemia in the women with serum iron levels of under 50 and 70 micrograms/dl were as high as 25.9 and 41.1%, respectively. Almost all women with Hb values of under 11.0 g/dl had iron-deficiency anemia. The mean values for the total iron binding capacity (TIBC), unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) and percentage iron saturation, were 365.6 +/- 65.1, 286.3 +/- 92.8 micrograms/dl and 23.3 +/- 13.0%, respectively. The incidence of anemia was 40.0% in the women with percentage iron saturation value of under 20%.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Influence of living conditions on the incidence of anemia and effects of health guidance and diet supplementation on recovery from anemia of women in fishing villages.

Studies were made on the relationship between the incidence of anemia and living conditions of women in fishing villages in Tokushima prefecture, and also on the effects of health guidance and supplementation of the diet with iron enriched food on recovery from anemia. With regard to economic conditions, Hb values were found to be higher in women who spent more money on food and who had much leisure time compared with working hours. With regard to diet, Hb values were higher in women with higher intakes of animal protein and vitamin C. Intake of vitamin C was significantly higher in a group with hemoglobin value of over 12.0 g/dl than in a group with hemoglobin value of under 12.0 g/dl. The cumulative recovery rate from anemia of women receiving health guidance was 61.5% and the cumulative recovery rate from anemia of women receiving Tsukudani (a preparation of small dried sardines) enriched with iron for 60 to 105 days (30 to 75 mg iron per day: average 59.3 mg per day) was 53.3%. But the recovery rate of serum iron was lower than those of Hb and Ht, being about 40% on the average.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Nutritional epidemiological study on mineral intake and mortality from cardiovascular disease.

To clarify the relationship between mortality from cardiovascular disease and mineral intake in Japan, we performed statistical analysis on the intake of 4 minerals, magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) calculated from the National Nutritional Survey. Their association with age-adjusted mortality from ischemic heart disease (IHD), cerebral hemorrhage (CH) and cerebral infarction (CI) during 15 years between 1971-1985 was examined. Ca/Mg ratio increased in all Japan. Mg intake, Na/K ratio and Na*Ca/K*Mg ratio decreased in all Japan. Geographical correlations among mineral intake were generally highly positive, and a high inverse correlation was observed between Na intake and Ca/Mg ratio. Mineral intake was closely correlated highly positively with mortality from CH and CI for almost all 15 years in men and women. Correlation between mortality from IHD and mineral intake was positively significant only in the period of 1971-75 in some cases. Principal component analysis using the intake in each food group showed the intake of all 4 minerals to be correlated highly with first principal component comprising the Japanese traditional diet. Thus, in Japan, it may be necessary to devise certain aspects of food intake such as lower Na in the Japanese traditional diet and additional Mg in the modern diet.

Calcium↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of exercise intensity indicated by serum lactate dehydrogenase activity in healthy adults.

Noting relationship between exercise and serum LDH and alpha-HBD activities, we prescribed 3 exercise regimens of various intensities for 22 healthy adult subjects over predetermined periods. Variations in the serum enzyme activities were determined in relation to these exercise programs. We studied whether these enzyme levels may serve as new indices to evaluate the amount of exercise. The test subjects were divided into 3 groups to perform 3 types of exercise (30%, 50%, 70% of VO2max) for 6 weeks. The serum enzyme activities at the start and completion of the experiment were determined and compared. The results obtained were as follows: A rise in the serum LDH activity was noted in association with exercise. The mean increases for these groups were 10.2%, 7.5% and 23.5%. A statistically significant decrease in the serum alpha-HBD activity was noted in association with exercise. It has been suggested that by observing variations in these enzyme levels in normal individuals for an extended period, change in the intensity of physical exertion within the range of daily activities can be estimated.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Study on digestibility and energy availability of pulses (peanuts and kidney beans) in men.

Four male Japanese students were fed a semisynthetic diet that included rice and whole eggs as protein sources for seven days (basal diet period), and in the following seven days (test diet periods), peanuts and then, kidney beans replaced part of the sugar in the basal diet. Urine and feces were collected throughout the periods and the contents of nitrogen, fat and energy in these excreta were determined. The results obtained were: 1) Digestibility of protein was 95.1 +/- 7.9% for peanuts and 84.8 +/- 3.7% for kidney beans. 2) Digestibility of fat was 83.5 +/- 8.5% for peanuts and 82.4 +/- 9.1% for kidney beans 3) The ratio of the total available energy to intake energy (Net Energy Availability) was 86.1 +/- 6.3% for peanuts and 84.8 +/- 3.1% for kidney beans.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Relationship of nutrient intake to serum enzyme activity].

Measurement of the serum enzyme activity is generally used as a screening test for hepatic and biliary diseases. The purpose of this study is to examine the use of serum enzyme activity as indices of health by analyzing relationships to changes in nutrient intakes. The results obtained were as follows: In cross-sectional studies gamma-GTP (1) and LDH-4 and -5 isozyme levels had a significant negative correlation to dietary intakes of vitamin C and protein, but total serum gamma-GTP and LDH activities had no correlation. Intake trials of these nutrients showed that high intake levels of vitamin C related to decrease in isozymes levels while low protein intake resulted in increases. Serum GPT activity had a negative relationship to vitamin C intake in men, but was not correlated with nutrient intakes in women. Serum ALP activity was affected positively with vitamin B intake in 40-79 year old men and women. There were statistically significant correlations between serum cholinesterase activity and energy, and food intake patterns.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Effectiveness of dapsone on refractory immune thrombocytopenia in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus associated with sarcoidosis].

A 57-year-old man was admitted with massive nasal bleeding and blurred vision in January, 1991. Laboratory examination showed a prominent decrease of platelet number (1,000/microliters) and a marked elevation of PAIgG (4,025 ng/10(7) cells). Serological test revealed positive antinuclear factor, low concentration of C3 and C4, high level of immune complex and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. The patient had uveitis and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy with a high level of serum lysozyme and negative PPD skin test. The diagnosis of SLE complicated with thrombocytopenia and sarcoidosis was made. In spite of the various trials of treatment, such as oral prednisolone (PSL), methyl-PSL pulse therapy, plasma exchange, high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, vincristine, colchicine, cyclosporine-A, mizoribine, danazol, ascorbic acid and interferon alpha 2b, the platelet number could not be raised enough to keep more than 10,000/microliters, though the level of PAIgG decreased to 200 ng/10(7) cells. Finally, the administration of 75 mg/day of dapsone brought about a significant rise in platelet number within 2 weeks. The maximum number of 6.2 x 10(4)/microliters was obtained after 2 months. Then the patient stopped himself to take the drug, but the platelet number remained around 4-5 x 10(4)/microliters. Same dose of the drug was again prescribed to confirm the effect of dapsone. The platelet number increased to 7.9 x 10(4)/microliters in 2 weeks, and gradually returned to 5 x 10(4)/microliters after cessation of the drug. Thus being certainly effective against thrombocytopenia, dapsone should be considered as one of the therapeutic choice for refractory autoimmune thrombocytopenia.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1993

[A case of motor neuropathy with pyramidal sign due to prolonged administration of high dose of pancuronium bromide (Myoblock)].

We reported a case of motor neuropathy with pyramidal sign following prolonged administration of a high dose of muscle relaxant, pancuronium bromide (Myoblock). A 40-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with acute episode of pancreatitis. He was treated with artificial ventilation and Myoblock to manage delirious state, disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure. Total dose of 823 mg (24 mg/day) of Myoblock was given intravenously over 36 days. After Myoblock was discontinued, he regained his consciousness and marked muscle weakness with atrophy was noted in both limbs, more severe in distal lower limbs, without any noticeable sensory and sphincter disturbances. Motor nerve conduction studies showed normal nerve conduction velocities with markedly decreased amplitude of compound muscle action potentials. Repetitive nerve stimulation studies revealed decrement response after tetanic stimulation, which disappeared later. Needle EMG showed active denervation potentials and marked polyphasic motor unit potentials. Muscle biopsy revealed neurogenic muscle atrophy with fragmented acetylcholine esterase-positive postsynaptic sites. Sural nerve biopsy showed slight to moderate degree of axonal degeneration of myelinated fibers. Clinical, electrophysiological, and pathological studies above indicated that the main affected sites were neuromuscular junctions including the terminal twigs of motor neurones and postsynaptic membrane, and pyramidal tracts, predominant in lower limbs. About one month after the recognition of the muscle weakness, his muscle strength improved gradually, however, spasticity with hyperreflexia and pathologic reflexes of both legs were found, and became more prominent thereafter. Intensive physiotherapy and rehabilitation led improvement to the point that he became able to ambulate with walking-aids about 7 months later, but marked spasticity persisted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Characteristic differences in the mode of quinone reduction and stability between energy-coupled and -uncoupled NADH-quinone reductases from bacterial respiratory chain.

Bacterial respiratory chain has two types of NADH-quinone reductase (NQR): one is energy-coupled (type-1) and the other had no energy-transducing capacity, that is, energy-uncoupled (type-2). Each of the NADH-reacting flavoprotein subunits of NQR-1 from Escherichia coli and the marine Vibrio alginolyticus reduced quinone to semiquinone radicals by the one-electron transfer pathway and was very sensitive to preincubation with NADH. On the other hand, the NQR-2 from these bacteria reduced quinone to quinol by the two-electron transfer pathway and was insensitive to preincubation with NADH. Since the NQR-1 from E. coli functions as a proton pump, whereas that from the marine V. alginolyticus functions as a sodium pump, the formation of semiquinone radicals as an intermediate is likely to be a common mechanism to functioning as either proton or sodium pump.

Escherichia coli↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of aldehyde reductase of Sporobolomyces salmonicolor.

An NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.2) isolated from Sporobolomyces salmonicolor AKU 4429 was further characterized. The enzyme also catalyzed the reductions of D-glucuronate, D-glucose, D-xylose and D-galactose at high concentrations. Km values for D-glucuronate and D-glucose are 345 and 4270 mM, respectively. Quercetin, dicoumarol and some SH-reagents inhibited the enzyme activity. NH2-terminal amino acid sequence analysis showed that the S. salmonicolor enzyme is partially the same as the aldo-keto reductase family proteins in primary protein structure.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1992

Further characterization of reversal of signs of induced cotton effects of dicumarol derivatives-alpha 1-acid glycoprotein systems by protriptyline.

The interaction of dicumarol derivatives and protriptyline with respect to the binding to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) has been investigated by circular dichroism (CD), equilibrium dialysis and ultrafiltration. Investigation of the induced CD spectra of dicumarol derivatives bound to AGP indicated that the conformations of these compounds were different when bound to AGP. Though all the dicumarol derivatives, protriptyline and AGP formed a ternary complex, interaction modes were different, depending upon the substituent groups at position 3 of the dicumarol molecule. On the basis of the protriptyline effect on the CD spectra of all dicumarol derivatives bound to AGP, the compounds were classified in the following way: (1) Dicumarol, ethylidenebis 4-hydroxycoumarin and propylidenebis 4-hydroxycoumarin caused reversal of the sign of ellipticity. This interaction was explained by cooperative binding. (2) Butylidenebis 4-hydroxycoumarin and pentylidenebis 4-hydroxycoumarin generated new band and disappeared ellipticity of the original Cotton effect. This interaction was also explained by the cooperative binding mode. (3) Ethylbiscoumacetate which generated the CD band similar to that of dicumarol in the absence of protriptyline, reversed the sign of the CD spectrum only at 325 nm. The interaction was anticooperative in nature. (4) Benzylidenebis 4-hydroxycoumarin represented type four which had no change in the CD spectrum by the addition of protriptyline. This interaction was explained by the two-state model accompanying the conformational change of AGP. These results suggested that all compounds, except for benzylidenebis 4-hydroxycoumarin, induced negative Cotton effects at 325 nm by taking the same asymmetrical perturbation by the addition of protriptyline and the interaction was carried out according to model 2. An attempt to study the interaction mechanism of two or more drugs with regard to the binding to protein using these models is thought to help in understanding drug-protein interactions.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1992

Properties of respiratory chain-linked Na(+)-independent NADH-quinone reductase in a marine Vibrio alginolyticus.

The respiratory chain of a marine Vibrio alginolyticus contains two types of NADH-quinone reductase (NQR): one is an Na(+)-dependent NQR functioning as an Na+ pump (NQR-1) and the other is an Na(+)-independent NQR (NQR-2). NQR-2 was purified about 55-fold from the membrane of mutant Nap-1 which is devoid of NQR-1, and its properties were compared with those of NQR-1. In contrast to NQR-1, the purified NQR-2 does not require any salts for activity and is not inhibited by up to 0.4 M salts. The optimum pH of NQR-2 is between 6.8 and 7.8, which is about 0.7 ph units lower than that of NQR-1. NQR-2 is insensitive to strong inhibitors of NQR-1 such as p-chloromercuribenzoate, Ag+ and 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide. Using inverted membrane vesicles, it was confirmed that NQR-2 has no capacity to generate a membrane potential. NQR-2 reduces menadione and ubiquinone-1 by a two-electron reduction pathway. Since the NADH-reacting FAD-containing beta-subunit of NQR-1 reduces quinones by a one-electron reduction pathway, the mode of quinone reduction is closely related to energy coupling; the formation of semiquinone radicals as an intermediate is likely to be essential to functioning as an ion pump.

Electron Transport Complex II↗
PubMed1992

Reversal of signs of induced cotton effects of dicumarol-alpha 1-acid glycoprotein systems by phenothiazine neuroleptics through ternary complexation.

The interaction of dicumarol and phenothiazine neuroleptics binding to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) was investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and equilibrium dialysis. The induced CD spectra of the dicumarol-AGP complex were affected differently by the different substituents of the phenothiazine molecule. The sign of the induced Cotton effect of dicumarol bound to AGP was reversibly changed with the introduction of the propyldimethylamine substituent at position 10 or chloride group at position 2 of the phenothiazine molecule. Chlorpromazine, which contains both of these substituents reversed the sign of the induced Cotton effect with the highest intensity. The addition of trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, and promethazine containing neither of the two substituents generated a new negative CD band. However, the addition of opromazine, which contains sulfoxide at position 5, decreased the CD intensity of the dicumarol-AGP complex without changing the shape of the CD spectra. Equilibrium dialysis studies revealed that the interaction of dicumarol-AGP with phenothiazine derivatives occurred simultaneously, and the interaction followed a cooperative and anticooperative binding model. Further, among the six phenothiazine derivatives that reversed the signs of the induced Cotton effects of the dicumarol-AGP complex, a linear relationship was observed between coupling constants and the difference in the induced optical ellipticity. The opromazine and dicumarol interaction was competitive for a common binding site on the AGP molecule. Removal of sialic acid did not have any effect on this interaction. These data support the hypothesis that the acidic and the basic drug binding sites overlap each other.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1992

Significance of the serum CA125 level in recurrent ovarian cancer.

Thirty-four recurrent cases of 89 patients with ovarian cancer treated in our department between 1985 and 1989 were examined for changes in serum CA125 level. 1) Upon confirmation of recurrence, 17 patients were positive for CA125 and 15 were negative. 2) According to the histopathological type, the rate of CA125 positivity in patients with recurrence was high for serous adenocarcinoma, suggesting that determination of CA125 is useful for detection of recurrence. In contrast, all patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma or endometrioid adenocarcinoma were negative for CA125. 3) The CA125 positivity rate upon confirmation of recurrence was 9% in patients whose CA125 was less than 1,000 U/ml on initial examination, suggesting that close management of such patients is necessary. 4) Elevation of CA125 by 3 steps or more within the normal range (less than 35 U/ml) was useful for predicting recurrence. 5) The cut-off level of CA125 during follow-up should be set at 16 U/ml. 6) It was difficult to evaluate remission with only the serum CA125 level. It is impossible to avoid second look operation at present. These results indicate that pretreatment values and changes of the parameter within the normal range (less than 35 U/ml) have to be considered when using CA125 as a marker of tumor recurrence.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Investigation of the interaction mode of phenothiazine neuroleptics with alpha 1-acid glycoprotein.

The interaction of phenothiazine neuroleptics with alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and desialylated AGP (asialoAGP) has been investigated by fluorescence, circular dichroism spectroscopy and by equilibrium dialysis. The binding parameters of phenothiazines obtained from fluorescence agreed closely with those obtained from circular dichroism and equilibrium dialysis. The binding affinities (nK) to AGP were slightly higher than binding affinities to asialoAGP. Attempts to correlate binding affinities with partition coefficients suggested that hydrophobic forces were mainly involved in the binding of phenothiazine neuroleptics to AGP and asialoAGP. However, electrostatic interaction was also found to be involved as suggested by experimental data obtained from the influence of oleic acid and caesium chloride on the drug binding to the two proteins.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1992

Interaction mode of dicumarol and its derivatives with human serum albumin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and asialo alpha 1-acid glycoprotein.

The interaction of dicumarol and its seven other derivatives with human serum albumin (HSA), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and desialylatedAGP (asialoAGP) has been investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence. The binding parameters of dicumarol and its derivatives obtained from fluorescence almost agreed with those obtained from CD. The binding data indicated that the total binding affinities (nK) to HSA were higher than the binding affinities to AGP and asialoAGP. Hydrophobic interaction was the driving force for the binding to all the three proteins and nK values in the binding process were found to be increased with the increase of hydrophobicity of the compound. This was evidenced by the attempts taken to correlate binding affinities with partition coefficients. Both electrostatic and van der Waals interactions were not found to play any significant role in the binding of these compounds to any of these three proteins. However, in case of the AGP and asialoAGP binding, apart from the hydrophobic interaction, some other forces may be involved as evidenced from the experimental data. Binding was exothermic, entropy driven and spontaneous. The change of enthalpy (delta H degree) was compensated for by the change in entropy (delta S degree). Relative contribution of hydrophobic interactions in the binding of these compounds to HSA was higher than to AGP or asialoAGP. Sialic acid was not found to impart any significant role in the binding of these compounds to AGP.

Asialoglycoproteins↗