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Biomedical subjects

T Miyoshi

Publications and source records attributed to T Miyoshi.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effects of vitamin C long-term loading on the serum gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity in human subjects.

In an attempt to assess dietary effects on the serum enzyme activity of long-term vitamin C supplementation, the serum gamma-GTP(1) fraction was studied in five healthy men. In this study, they were maintained on ordinary meals for the initial one year and the last 7 months of the 43 month experimental period, and on ordinary meals with 1 g/day of vitamin C powder for the intermediate 2 years. The serum gamma-GTP(1) fraction during the first year (ordinary meals alone) was higher than that for the second or third year (ordinary meals with addition of vitamin C). The decrease after vitamin C supplementation was statistically significant. The serum vitamin C concentration tended to rise in winter. Vitamin C supplementation at 1 g/day raised the concentrations up to 1.6 mg/dl on average, where the serum was practically saturated with vitamin C.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[MR imaging of the brain in Wilson's disease].

Two cases of Wilson's disease, who had been treated for eight years, were examined by MRI at 1.5 tesla. MRI of both cases demonstrated lesions with prolonged T1, prolonged T2 and partially shortened T2 in bilateral lentiform nuclei. Lesions with prolonged T1 & T2 may reflect small cavitary lesions. On the other hand, shortened T2 area may be caused by copper deposits.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of lard and corn oil intake on serum lipids in young men.

An experimental diet with lard (30 g/day for 7 days) and corn oil (30 g/day for 7 days) on high carbohydrate (basal diet) was given to four healthy Japanese young men and the effect of diets containing different fat on serum lipids was examined. Serum total cholesterol was increased significantly from a basal diet of 106 +/- 23 to 141 +/- 26 mg/dl on lard diet, and then decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) to 111 +/- 22 mg/dl on corn oil diet. Serum triglycerides increased significantly (p less than 0.01) from 66 +/- 38 to 173 +/- 32 mg/dl on basal diet. Serum HDL-cholesterol was decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) from 41.9 +/- 1.6 to 31.2 +/- 3.8 mg/dl on lard diet and increased significantly (p less than 0.05) to 41.9 +/- 4.6 mg/dl on corn oil diet. Serum HDL-cholesterol fraction was decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) from 41.6 +/- 4.9 to 28.1 +/- 3.2% on basal diets, but increased significantly (p less than 0.05) to 44.3 +/- 3.1% on lard diet, and then decreased to 36.3 +/- 2.5% on corn oil diet. Serum HDL phospholipid fraction decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) from 62.5 +/- 6.7 to 50.7 +/- 1.8% on basal diet and increased significantly (p less than 0.05) to 60.4 +/- 1.0% on lard and corn oil diet. Serum phospholipids did not change by experimental diets. It is concluded that lard and corn oil have different and specific roles in lipid metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A clinical study of a multiregression analysis on the NK activity and related clinical factors in patients with lung cancer].

Using 24 lung cancer patients (20 males and 4 females) who had received radiotherapy, a multivariate analysis has been performed in relation to 19 factors suspected of exerting an effect on natural killer (NK) cell activity. As influencing factors, two factors of the disease, the stage (p less than 0.05) and the leukocyte count (p less than 0.08), were calculated to be significant. In the univariate analysis, the NK activity was found to be significantly low (p less than 0.05) when the leukocyte count was 7,000 or higher. In addition, patients who had died during the course of radiotherapy showed an NK activity which was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than the activity manifested in both the disease-free patients and the relapsed progressive disease patients. Moreover, the patients with a PS of 40% or less had a significantly lower NK activity than the patients with a PS of 50% or more, though no correlation was found between the NK activity and the disease stage. In the use of this radiotherapy, the NK activity was found to be more strongly influenced by the size of the irradiated field than by the irradiated dose.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Regional dynamics of N-isopropyl-(123I)p-iodoamphetamine in human brain.

Regional cerebral dynamics of N-isopropyl-(123I)p-iodoamphetamine (IMP) in the human brain were studied using a multi-detector single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scanner in 35 subjects both normal and with a variety of neurological conditions. Distribution of IMP in the brain was also compared with regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) measured by positron emission tomography (PET) in 15 of these 35 cases. A significant regional difference in temporal changes of radioactivity was observed among normal brain structures. A rapid increase with early washout of the tracer was shown in the cerebellum and the occipital cortex, while the basal ganglia revealed a relatively slow increase and prolonged retention, indicating the regional difference in extraction and/or retention of IMP among the cerebral tissues. In cases with unilateral hypoperfusion, the percentage of the activity in the lesion to that in the contralateral normal cortex on the early SPECT was correlated well with that on CBF measured by PET (r = 0.870, p less than 0.001). However, the contrast on the SPECT image decreased with time after injection; 84.0 +/- 7.4% on the SPECT at 5-20 min scan, 87.6 +/- 7.6% at 35-50 min scan and 96.2 +/- 6.3% at 5 hr scan. In a case with a brain tumor having high blood flow documented by PET, increased accumulation of IMP was observed in the tumor on the early images obtained within 20 min followed by a rapid washout. These findings suggested altered extraction and/or retention of IMP in normal and diseased tissues, and these factors should be considered for the assessment of distribution and redistribution of IMP.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1988

Enhancement of hyperthermochemotherapy for human gastric cancer in nude mice by thermosensitization with nitroimidazoles.

Hyperthermia for human gastric cancer xenotransplanted into the hindlegs of nude mice was performed to determine whether misonidazole (MISO) or metronidazole (MTR), derivatives of nitroimidazole, would intensify the antitumour effects of hyperthermia only, or combined with mitomycin C (MMC). MISO, MTR and MMC were given i.p. at doses of 500 mg kg-1, 500 mg kg-1 and 2.0 mg kg-1 respectively, and MISO or MTR was administered 45 min before MMC. Hyperthermia was applied twice at 48 h intervals, by means of a water bath at 43.5 +/- 0.1 degrees C for 23 min. Tumour tripling times following heat alone, MTR plus heat, and MISO plus heat were about 6.7, 8.0 and 7.9 days respectively, compared with 4.6 days for the control, but tumour regression occurred in the heat plus MISO group only. Tumour tripling times for MMC plus heat, MMC plus MTR plus heat, and MMC plus MISO plus heat were 9.6, 11.6 and 17.1 days respectively, compared to 4.6 days for the control and 6.7 days for heat alone. These data suggest that the antitumour activity of MMC plus MISO plus heat is an additive phenomenon.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion combined with surgery effective for gastric cancer patients with peritoneal seeding.

Fifteen patients with far-advanced gastric cancer were given surgical treatment followed by intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP) with mitomycin C (MMC) and misonidazole (MIS), a thermosensitizing drug. Immediately after extensive resection of the abdominal tumors, a 2-hour IPHP was performed at the inflow temperature of 44.7 to 48.7 C, using equipment designed for treatment of cancerous peritoneal seeding as a closed circuit, and under hypothermic general anesthesia at 30 to 31 C. In nine of the 15 patients with peritoneal seeding and/or ascites, cancerous ascites was absent after this treatment. In all cases, repeated cytologic examinations of the lavage from Douglas's pouch were negative. The postoperative courses were uneventful except for Patients 1 and 10, in whom slight leakage occurred. All patients were discharged and are in good health at the time of this writing, 7.2 +/- 4.6 months after the treatment. The Case 4 Patient recently died in a traffic accident. In all patients, transient hepatic dysfunction and hypoproteinemia occurred after the operation. This extensive surgery combined with IPHP using MMC and MIS was well tolerated and is a safe antitumor treatment for gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination. Neurotoxicity due to MIS was nil.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Serodiagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in guinea pigs by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Guineapig antibodies to Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) serotype 19F were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a simple procedure. In experimentally infected hosts, antibody was detectable as early as 2 to 3 weeks after infection, and high titres were maintained for a long period. Antibodies higher than 1:64 were regarded as specific. In a field study, high antibody titres were shown in SPN enzootic colonies in contrast to negative or low antibody titres in a majority of the animals from non-enzootic and SPF colonies.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Chemosensitization with nitroimidazole to human gastric cancer transplanted into nude mice].

Combined chemotherapy for human gastric cancer Transplanted into nude mice has been performed to determine whether misonidazole (MIS) and metronidazole (MTR), derivatives of nitroimidazole, would enhance the antitumor activity of MMC. MTR, 500 mg/kg, MIS 500 mg/kg, and MMC 2.0 mg/kg were administered ip twice during a 48-hour interval. The antitumor efficacies of MMC only, MTR only, or MIS only were seen to be much the same as in the controls. The combined treatment with MMC and MTR surpassed the controls in antitumoral activity after the 12th day, whereas it did not surpass a regimen with MMC alone. The addition of MIS to MMC showed an enhanced antitumoral activity after the 10th day compared to the controls and, further, after the 10th day it exceeded the results of MMC only. Tumor tripling time in cases of MMC only, MTR only, MIS only, MMC plus MTR, and MMC plus MIS was 123, 132, 144, 144, and 178 hours, respectively, compared to 110 hours in the controls. Thus, these results suggest that MIS has a chemosensitizing activity under these conditions, while MTR has little activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Enhancement of hyperthermochemotherapy with hypoxic cell radiosensitizers].

Hyperthermochemotherapy with hypoxic cell radiosensitizers has been carried out using human gastric cancer xenotransplanted into the nude mouse. Misonidazole (MIS) and metronidazole (MTR), hypoxic cell radiosensitizers, were administered singularly or in combination with an ip dose of 500 mg/kg each, and after 60 minutes, an ip dose of MMC of 2.0 mg/kg was given. Subsequently, hyperthermia was applied, twice at a 48-hour interval, by a water bath at 43.5 +/- 0.1 degrees C for 23 minutes. The antitumor activity of hyperthermia with MTR was similar to that of hyperthermia alone, whereas hyperthermia with MIS surpassed hyperthermia alone, at 0.03237 less than p less than 0.05038. Hyperthermia combined with MIS and MMC enhanced the antitumor effects, as compared to hyperthermia with MMC, and with MMC plus MTR. Tumor volumetric tripling times in case of MMC plus heat, MTR, MMC plus heat, and MIS, MMC plus heat were about 229, 213, and 398 hours, respectively, compared to about 110 hours in the control and 160 hours in the case of hyperthermia alone. Thus, these data suggest that the antitumor efficacy of hyperthermochemotherapy with MIS may be the result of a synergistic phenomenon of thermo-chemosensitization.

Animals↗