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Biomedical subjects

T Kudo

Publications and source records attributed to T Kudo.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Melanin production in cultured albino melanocytes transfected with mouse tyrosinase cDNA.

An attempt was made in the present study to express mouse tyrosinase cDNAs fused with the authentic genomic 5' non-coding flanking sequence in cultured albino melanocytes. One of the cDNA sequences, which expressed successfully and produced melanin pigments, was analyzed with respect to deduced amino acid sequence. Sequencing of the tyrosinase genomic gene revealed the existence of several sets of a characteristic structure which consists of a chain of two successive stem structures, CCAAT-homology and TATA box at its 5' non-coding region. It seems possible that this region represents the regulatory element of the tyrosinase gene. Unusually long GA cluster at 5' upstream region was also found.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Protection against bovine rotaviruses in newborn calves by continuous feeding of immune colostrum.

Three pregnant cows were inoculated intramuscularly with inactivated vaccine to bovine rotavirus (BRV) serotype 1 (BRV-1) and serotype 2 (BRV-2). Serum neutralizing antibody (NA) titers against both serotypes increased significantly after immunization. NA titers of colostrum obtained from immunized cows against BRV-1 and BRV-2 were 29286 and 38109, respectively, which were significantly higher than those from non-immunized control cows. Nine and 6 colostrum deprived calves were orally challenged with BRV-1 and BRV-2, respectively, and monitored for clinical manifestation and viral shedding. Five calves of them, 3 with BRV-1 and 2 with BRV-2, received 2 l of milk replacer supplemented with 10% immune colostrum 2 hr before challenge and twice daily for the first 5 days after challenge. Other 10 calves, 6 with BRV-1 and 4 with BRV-2, were fed only milk replacer as controls. All control calves developed severe diarrhea and shed a large amount of BRV in feces, beginning from 24 to 48 hr after challenge inoculation. On the contrary, all calves but one fed colostrum supplement remained clinically healthy after challenge, and BRV was not detected in their feces during feeding immune colostrum. The possibility that continuous feeding of immune colostrum is capable of preventing newborn calves from diarrhea associated with BRV and viral shedding was suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of ovarian germ cell tumor].

PVP (CDDP, VBL, PEP) regimens were administered to a case of ovarian embryonal carcinoma (Higuchi-Kato) Group C, which had metastatic lesions of liver, lumbar bones, and paraaortic lymph nodes soon after operation, with good results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Prophylaxis of recurrence of superficial bladder tumor by intravesical chemotherapy].

During the past 10 years, we have experienced 110 bladder tumor cases. Among them, 70 patients were diagnosed superficial bladder tumor. Of these 70 cases, 30 were treated with intravesical adriamycin (ADR) and peplomycin (PEP), 13 with ADR only and one case with PEP and remaining 26 with TUR and hydrostatic pressure technique. We studied the efficacy of combination intravesical chemotherapy with ADR and PEP and other treatments in the prevention of recurrence in the superficial bladder tumor cases. The recurrence rate during 3 years of each group, was 25% in the group treated with ADR and PEP, 35% with ADR and 55% in remaining group. 3 years recurrence rate in the group treated with ADR and PEP was significantly low than that in the group tread with TUR and hydrostatic pressure technique alone (Wilcoxon test). Side effects was pollakisuria, pain after micturition and others. Anaphylactic shock appeared in one case. From these results we concluded that intravesical chemotherapy with combined agents is more effective than that with a single one or no treatment after TUR.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1989

[Left ventricular diastolic flow dynamics in dilated cardiomyopathy: a color flow imaging and pulsed Doppler echocardiographic study].

Left ventricular filling flow was evaluated at the mitral orifice and in the left ventricle (LV) using color flow imaging and pulsed Doppler echocardiography in seven patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and 10 normal subjects. Using the apical approach, filling flow in early and late diastole was observed by two-dimensional color and M-mode color flow imaging, and flow velocity patterns at the mitral orifice and in the LV, 3 cm below the orifice, were analyzed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography. Color flow imaging disclosed slower movement of the inflow signals toward the apex in DCM than in the normal. With pulsed Doppler echocardiography, the delay in timing of peak velocity in the LV was distinctly greater in DCM than in the normal, although the mitral inflow velocity did not differ between DCM and the normal. The width of the filling flow, the rate of velocity reduction and the flow velocity in the LV did not differ between DCM and the normal. Thus, in DCM, the timing of filling flow in the LV is clearly delayed compared to the timing at the mitral orifice, and this cannot be explained solely by the mitral flow velocity pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of surgical intervention on plasma levels of antidiuretic hormone and alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide under sevoflurane anesthesia].

Effects of surgical intervention on plasma levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (alpha-hANP) under sevoflurane-nitrous oxide-oxygen anesthesia were evaluated in 24 patients, ranged in ages from 15 to 65, who underwent non-abdominal surgery (orthopedic surgery) or abdominal surgery (gastrointestinal or gynecological surgery). Anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane, nitrous oxide and oxygen. Succinylcholine was administered to facilitate tracheal intubation and pancuronium was given during abdominal surgery when needed. Lactated Ringer's solution was administered intravenously throughout the procedures. Neither plasma ADH nor alpha-hANP levels changed significantly during sevoflurane anesthesia alone for 20 min. Plasma ADH levels were unchanged during surgery in patients who underwent non-abdominal surgery, but they tended to increase although insignificantly after the recovery from anesthesia. On the contrary, plasma ADH levels increased significantly during surgery and in the recovery room in patients who underwent abdominal surgery. Plasma alpha-hANP levels were unchanged during surgery and in the recovery room in patients who underwent non-abdominal or abdominal surgery. The authors' findings suggest that ADH secretion was significantly stimulated with abdominal intervention but not with orthopedic one, furthermore neither anesthesia nor surgical stress induced any influence on plasma alpha-hANP levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of intravenous anesthetics and analgesics on plasma alpha-rat atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-rANP) levels in rats].

Effects of various intravenous anesthetics and analgesics on alpha-rat atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-rANP) concentrations in the plasma were studied in unrestrained rats. Morphine (30 mg.kg-1), fentanyl (0.2mg.kg-1) and buprenorphine (1mg.kg-1) produced 10-, 10- and 3.3-fold significant increases in plasma alpha-rANP over control group at 20min after intraperitoneal injections of each drug, respectively. A marked increase in plasma alpha-rANP after morphine administration was still observed at 60min, but those after fentanyl and buprenorphine were reduced to 4.7-from 10.0-fold and 1.6-from 3.3-fold increase at 60min, respectively. Pentazocine (40mg.kg-1) significantly increased plasma alpha-rANP to 1.3 times higher than that of control group only at 60 min, while ketamine (40mg.kg-1) caused an insignificant increase in plasma alpha-rANP to 1.4 and 1.3 times at 40 and 60 min. Droperidol (10mg.kg-1) tended to decrease plasma alpha-rANP and a significant reduction was observed at 60 min. Propofol (40mg.kg-1) did not affect on plasma alpha-rANP. Pentobarbital (50mg.kg-1) produced an insignificant fall in plasma alpha-rANP. Plasma levels of ACTH, compB and aldosterone increased after injections of morphine and fentanyl. These results indicate that mu-type opiate receptor plays an important role in secreting alpha-rANP and activating pituitary-adrenal axis in the rats.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of dexamethasone and ACTH on plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptide levels during hemorrhage in rats].

Anti-shock effect of dexamethasone (Dexa) and ACTH on atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ir-ANP) secretion was studied during hemorrhage in rats as reflected in the plasma ir-ANP, corticosterone (Comp B) and ACTH levels. We also observed the number of survived rats and plasma ir-ANP levels stimulated by volume loading of the shed blood or fluid. The rats were divided into non-treated group (saline), Dexa group (Dexa 5mg.kg-1) and ACTH group (ACTH 200 micrograms.kg-1). They were anesthetized by intravenous injection of pentobarbital sodium 30 mg.kg-1. Atrial blood sample for control value was collected before hemorrhage. Approximately 20% and then 30% of the estimated blood volume was taken for hemorrhage. Hemorrhage induced significant reductions in plasma ir-ANP levels. They decreased from a control value of 133.8 +/- 6.1 pg.ml-1 to 76.6 +/- 4.2 pg.ml-1 (P less than 0.005), but plasma levels of Comp B and ACTH increased markedly. The ir-ANP secretion increased in response to the elevation of atrial pressures after volume loading. The administration of Dexa and ACTH to the rats tended to inhibit the reduction of plasma ir-ANP levels during hemorrhage and improved the survival rate 24hr after bleeding 30% of the estimated blood volume.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of sevoflurane anesthesia and surgery on plasma catecholamine levels].

Effects of sevoflurane-nitrous oxide-oxygen anesthesia and surgery on plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine were evaluated in twenty four patients who ranged in ages from 15 to 65 years. They underwent non-abdominal surgery (orthopedic surgery) or abdominal surgery (gastrointestinal or gynecological surgery). Anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane in 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen. Succinylcholine was administered intravenously to facilitate tracheal intubation and pancuronium was given intravenously during surgery. Lactated Ringer's solution at a speed of 5-15 ml.kg-1.h-1 was also administered intravenously throughout the procedures. Neither plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine nor dopamine levels changed significantly during the anesthetic induction with sevoflurane anesthesia. Plasma catecholamines were unchanged during and after surgery in patients who underwent non-abdominal surgery, while plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine levels increased significantly during and after abdominal surgery. Plasma dopamine levels, however, were unchanged during and after surgery in these patients. The findings suggest that epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion was significantly stimulated with abdominal intervention but not with orthopedic one under sevoflurane anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of ventricular septal rupture following myocardial infarction in an aged patient with bronchial asthma].

Urgent surgery for ventricular septal rupture following myocardial infarction in a 75-year-old female with bronchial asthma was successfully performed. On Feb 28, 1988, she had chest pain, and was admitted 5 days later because of the appearance of heart murmur. Pansytolic murmur (Levine 4/VI) on 3 LSB and piping sound on both lung fields was heard, ECG showed acute anteroseptal infarction. Right heart Swan-Ganz catheterization revealed left to right shunt, and the diagnosis was ventricular septal rupture following acute anteroseptal infarction with bronchial asthma. The initial hemodynamic condition was not serious, but soon after the diagnosis was confirmed, IABP was inserted and operation was indicated because of the advanced age, high shunt ratio (70%) and complication of bronchial asthma. The operation was performed a day after septal rupture. The perforation in the ventricular septum of the apex was sutured with a xenopericardium patch by mattres sutures through a left ventricle approach, and the ventricular wall was closed with this patch together. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the 43rd day after the operation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

The effect of pentobarbital and ether anesthesia on rat brain PGD2 content.

Effects of pentobarbital and ether anesthesia on PGD2 contents in brain and plasma levels of compound beta, A.C.TH. epinephrine (E) norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine were investigated in 39 male Wistar strain rats weighing 280-300 g. They were divided into 3 groups: pentobarbital anesthesia group (P.A.), ether anesthesia group (E.A.) and control. Anesthesia or not the rats were decapitated the heads were frozen with liquid nitrogen and PGD2 were extracted and assayed by radioimmunoassay. In the group of P.A. and E.A., PGD2 contents of the brain were decreased by 69.6% and 77.8% of the control group respectively. In the group PA, plasma levels of Comp-beta, ACTH, E and NE were significantly decreased. In the EA group, plasma levels of Comp-beta was not changed but that of ACTH, E and NE were significantly increased. In the EA and PA groups, plasma levels of dopamine were not significantly changed. Intraventricularly injected PGD2 has been reported to induce the natural sleep in rat, increase or decrease the pain threshold and lower the body temperature in rat. On the other hand, intravenous injection of PGD2 has been reported to prolong the duration of pentobarbital anesthesia in rat or changed the EEG pattern to slow wave in cat. Stresses including restrain and foot shock have been reported to increase the PGE2 and PGF2a in the brain of rat. The present findings demonstrate that pentobarbital and ether anesthesia decreased the PGD2 contents in the brain of rat.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1989

[Interaction between bradykinin and enkephalins in rat dental pulp].

The content of bradykinin (BK)-like peptides in rat dental pulp was significantly increased 1, 6 and 24 h after cavity formation at the neck of incisor. We have reported that enkephalin (EK)-like peptides in rat dental pulp were increased by cavity formation or BK. In the present study, the mechanism of the production of EK enhanced by BK was investigated using benzoyl-L-arginine-2-naphthylamide (BANA), a synthetic substrate. BK and its products cleft by carboxypeptidase B, des-Arg9-BK and arginine (Arg), activated the degradation of BANA. It is suggested that these substances may enhance the processing of enkephalins from precursor proteins. The activating effects were inhibited by EGTA. The BANA-degrading enzymes in lysosomal fraction were activated by BK, des-Arg9-BK and Arg, but the enzymes in supernatant were activated by Arg only. On the other hand, morphine and met-EK inhibited the production of BK-like peptides by trypsin from plasma kininogen. It is suggested that BK is cleft by carboxypeptidase B in pulp cell to des-Arg9-BK and Arg, which activate the lysosomal or soluble EK processing enzymes, and then the produced EK inhibits the production of BK from plasma kininogens in the pulp.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of left atrial ball thrombus observed in a patient with combined valvular heart disease, accompanying anomalous coronary venous run].

A 53-year woman, who had been under observation for combined valvular heart disease, was admitted to our hospital for further examination of embolic episodes to brain and kidney. Echocardiographic examination showed the evidence of free-moving ball thrombus in the left atrium, and emergent cardiac catheterization following the echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of it as well as mitral stenosis, aortic regurgitation with stenosis, and tricuspid regurgitation. In addition, coronary angiography disclosed the anomalous coronary venous run. With these findings, the cause of embolic episodes was found to be due to the thrombus in the left atrium. In the surgery performed a ball thrombus of 40 x 35 x 36 mm and a mural thrombus of 15 x 35 x 20 mm in size in the left atrium were detected and removed, and both mitral and aortic valves were replaced to artificial ones. She had a good hospital course after the surgery and discharged without any complication. In this report, we discussed a case of left atrial thrombus observed in a combined valvular heart disease, with 29 literatures reported in our country.

Coronary Vessel Anomalies↗
PubMed1989

[Role of fetal catecholamines before and during birth].

It is true that developing fetus in uterus may be mostly influenced by maternal conditions. However, there is little evidence to prove the existence of nervous connection between fetus and mother. The biochemical and physiological phenomena of fetus in utero may be controlled mainly by fetal autonomy with nutritional supply from mother. The sympathoadrenal system of fetus has received much attention with the technical progress of catecholamine assays. Fetal plasma catecholamine concentrations during birth are remarkably higher than those in adult life. The function of those high catecholamine concentrations has been shown to control fetal circulation during hypoxia, to maintain glucose supply to the heart and brain, and to prepare the lung for ventilation. So it may be said that fetal plasma catecholamine surge at birth is essential to neonatal adaptation. Amniotic fluid catecholamines and their metabolites were higher in intrauterine growth retarded fetus, which consumed own catecholamine reserve in adrenal medulla before parturition. It is possible to estimate the fetal condition by measuring the concentration of catecholamines and their metabolites in amniotic fluid. The amniotic norepinephrine, epinephrine and particularly dopamine concentration has been found to increase toward term. The rise in dopamine has been assumed to stimulate intrauterine synthesis of prostaglandins. We demonstrated that L-dopa was metabolized to dopamine in fetal kidney and that dopamine in amniotic fluid was originated from fetal urine.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of continuous epidural infusion of morphine for postoperative analgesia on pituitary-adrenocortical function].

Plasma levels of cortisol, ACTH and beta-endorphin like immunoreactivity (beta-ELI) were measured to evaluate postoperative pain relief with epidural morphine and systemic analgesics in conjunction with endocrine functions in 16 patients who underwent gastrectomy. Eight of these patients (epidural morphine group) obtained postoperative analgesia with continuous epidural infusion of morphine with a pump as in our previous report. A bolus of epidural morphine was administered through an indwelling thoracic (Th8,9) catheter at 3 hrs prior to the proposed end of the surgery, which was followed with continuous epidural infusion of morphine at a rate of 0.167-0.042 mg.hr-1 with a pump (CADD-PCA, Model 5200P, Pharmacia) during and after anesthesia and surgery with gradual decrease in dose until the third postoperative day. The remaining eight patients (systemic analgesics group) repeatedly received systemic pentazocine and buprenorphine when needed. Plasma cortisol levels increased significantly at the end of surgery and after in both groups. However plasma concentrations of cortisol in the epidural morphine group were significantly lower than those in the systemic analgesics group on the first and second postoperative days. Plasma levels of ACTH and beta-ELI increased significantly at the end of surgery but returned to levels of the previous day in both groups postoperatively. Our study suggests that continuous epidural infusion of morphine is adequate for postoperative pain relief and has suppressing effect on plasma cortisol levels as compared with systemic analgesics regimen.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Plasma morphine levels during its continuous epidural infusion].

We evaluated plasma levels of morphine during its continuous epidural infusion for postoperative analgesia in nine adult patients. A bolus injection of 3 mg of morphine was administered epidurally 3 hours prior to the proposed end of the surgery, and thereafter continuous epidural infusion of morphine was continued at a rate of 0.167-0.042 mg.hr-1 with a pump (CADD-PCA, 5200P, Pharmacia) during and after the surgery until the 3rd postoperative day. The dose of morphine was gradually decreased to 0.021-0.042 mg.hr-1 without reducing the quality of postoperative analgesia. Plasma morphine levels were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Plasma concentrations of morphine were 4.6 +/- 0.7 (Mean +/- SE) ng.ml-1 at the end of surgery and they decreased thereafter to 0.7 +/- 0.1 ng.ml-1, 0.3 +/- 0.1 ng.ml-1 and 0.1 +/- 0.1 ng.ml-1 on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd postoperative days, respectively. Plasma levels of morphine decreased gradually correlating with reduction of infused morphine. Adequate postoperative pain relief was obtained throughout the procedure without any severe complications such as respiratory depression. The analgesic effect of epidural morphine did not parallel with that of plasma concentration. Plasma concentrations of morphine administered by continuous epidural infusion with a pump were estimated to be lower than the minimum analgesic plasma concentration (10-40 ng.ml-1), and the toxic levels of morphine during continuous epidural infusion were not detected by our method.

Aged↗