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Biomedical subjects

T Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to T Kodama.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Increase of T cells in the liver during hepatocarcinogenesis with N-2-fluorenylacetamide in rats.

The localization of thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) was investigated in rat liver by the immunofluorescence method during hepatocarcinogenesis with N-2-fluorenylacetamide. In the early stage of carcinogenesis, the number of T cells never increased significantly in livers in which hyperplastic liver nodules (population I) were seen. On the other hand, in the late stage of carcinogenesis, T cells extensively invaded hyperplastic nodules (population II) as well as hepatomas. According to the concept of cell-mediated immunity, hyperplastic nodules in the late stage might have a neoantigen(s) which evokes the response of T cells. Therefore, it may be concluded that populations I and II are biologically distinct lesions in spite of their histological identity.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗
PubMed1981

Adolescence, a critical stage for the genesis of female cancers (review).

Epidemiologic and hormonal aspects of cervical cancer were compared with those of breast cancer in order to explore the genesis of female cancers. When accessed by the urinary steroid analysis, cervical cancer was associated with such steroidal deviations as to reflect an arrest of adrenal maturation. Breast cancer was associated with hypercorticoidism and ovulation failure. Evidence was presented to indicate that the geneses of these 2 female cancers were each related to 2 specific disorders of adolescence (imbalances of adrenal-ovarian maturation) which were to be conditioned each by 2 specified combinations of climate, diet and marital life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effect of hypoxia on acetic acid ulcer of the stomach in rats with or without coenzyme Q10.

As one of the factors contributing to the intractability of chronic gastric ulcer, the effect of hypoxia is examined in this paper, based upon the experimental acetic acid ulcer in the stomach of Wistar rats. Results indicate that hypoxia has a harmful influence on the healing process of chronic, gastric ulcer in rats, and also that this effect of hypoxia can be prevented by administration of Coenzyme Q10 in diet.

Acetates↗
PubMed1980

Identification of carcinoembryonic antigen in the C-cell of the normal thyroid.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) activity was confirmed in the C-cell of the normal thyroid by immunohistochemical techniques. This suggests that CEA production in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid is not initiated by carcinogenesis, but reflects a function of the normal C-cell. It is not yet clear whether CEA production in the C-cell may be influenced by carcinogenesis. The C-cell is the first APUD cell that was confirmed to have CEA activity.

APUD Cells↗
PubMed1980

Duplication of common bile duct--a case report.

A case of double common bile duct is presented. Precise preoperative recognition of this anomaly is extremely rare. Preoperative adequate appreciation of these anomalies of the biliary tree prevents surgeons from impairing the anomalous bile ducts, or from going astray, being faced with these anomalies at operation accidentally.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Complication of laparoscopy in Japan.

Trends of examinees and complications of laparoscopy were examined by a questionaire sent to all representative institutions in Japan. As a conclusion, the rate of complication by this examination was 10 times higher, while its mortality was 25 times higher, as compared with gastroenterological endoscopic examination. This article may indicate the present status of laparoscopy in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Peritoneoscopic findings and liver function in chronic liver disease.

In 100 cases with chronic liver disease, peritoneoscopy and liver biopsy were performed, and the association between peritoneoscopic findings and liver function was studied. With respect to liver function, a series of tests which seem to indicate residual liver function were selected as follows; dye excretion, serum levels of albumin and cholinesterase, and subfractions of serum proteins. In evaluating the periotoneoscopic view, new criteria for the classification of liver surface findings are proposed. All cases were divided into 5 types in accordance with these criteria. Analysis of the correlation between peritoneoscopic findings and liver function showed that the degree of liver dysfunction was clearly indicated by liver surface alterations. As a result, the residual liver function may be determined quite well by using this classification.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

P1,P5-Di(adenosine-5')pentaphosphate(Ap5A) as an inhibitor of adenylate kinase in studies of fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum from bullfrog skeletal muscle.

We examined the effects of P1,P5-di(adenosine-5')pentaphosphate (Ap5A), a potent inhibitor of adenylate kinase, on fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum (FSR) obtained from bullfrog skeletal muscle in view of the possible usefulness of the nucleotide in experiments with FSR to avoid complications due to contaminating adenylate kinase. Ap5A itself does not cause Ca uptake in the place of ATP. It inhibited adenylate kinase activity without affecting the Ca-ATPase or Ca uptake activity of FSR. The observed effect was a competitive inhibition of basic ATPase activity of the light fraction of FSR. Therefore, P1,P5-di(adenosine-5')pentaphosphate represents an extremely useful tool in experiments wth fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum, such as studies of H+ movement accompanying Ca movement, ATP-ADP exchange reaction, and calorimetry of the Ca uptake process. A rather high concentration (50 muM or more) of Ap5A is required for complete inhibition of adenylate kinase. Further, we detected 1.3-2.8 nmol of (ATP + ADP), 2-4 nmol of Pi, and unidentified metal(s) in 50 nmol of Ap5A, and Ap5A is more labile to acid and molybdate than ATP.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1980

Prognostic implications of fibrotic focus (scar) in small peripheral lung cancers.

Peripheral lung cancers frequently possess a fibrotic focus or scar in their center or beneath the pleura. We reexamined 58 cases of peripheral lung cancer of less than 3 cm in diameter (48 adenocarcinomas, two large cell carcinomas and eight squamous cell carcinomas) which were removed surgically between June 1962 and July 1973. Analyses of the cases revealed that in adenocarcinoma with increased collagenization or hyalinization in the fibrotic focus, the degree of pleural invasion and incidence of lymph node metastasis and blood vessel invasion were greater and thus the prognosis of the patient was poorer than in cases with no or slight collagenization. The results also indicate that the characteristics of the central fibrotic focus are probably more important than the size of the tumor for estimating the prognosis of patients with peripheral adenocarcinoma of less than 3 cm in diameter. The same might be said of peripheral large-cell carcinoma. However, the prognostic importance of the fibrotic focus was not confirmed in cases of peripheral squamous-cell carcinoma. Although the central or subpleural scar has long been the basis of the scar cancer concept, alternate explanations were considered, namely, that scar formation occurred along with tumor development, rather than before, in the case of adenocarcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Binding to R 1881 (methyltrienolone) of proteins from human benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Cytosol of human benign prostatic hypertrophy bound to R 1881 in a high affinity manner. Most of the protein which bound to R 1881 was recovered in the precipitate of a 0-30% saturation of ammonium sulfate, and was eluted in the void volume on a Sephadex G-200 column. The binding of cytosol to R 1881 was more inhibited by progestins than by dihydrotestosterone and estradiol-17 beta. The binder therefore seemed to be different from dihydrotestosterone-binding protein. The R 1881-binding component extracted from the nuclei by 0.4M KCl bound also to dihydrotestosterone in a high affinity manner. Cytosol prelabeled with R 1881 was bound to the nuclei in a nonsaturable process, and the extraction pattern of R 1881 by 0.4M KCl from the nuclei was almost identical to that in the case of dihydrotestosterone as the ligand. These results suggested that a part of the cytosolic protein which bound to R 1881 entered the nuclei where it bound to nuclear such components as dihydrotestosterone-binding protein.

Cell Extracts↗
PubMed1980

Binding of chlormadinone acetate to cytosol from human benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Chlormadinone acetate was bound to cytosol from the human benign prostatic hypertrophy in a high affinity fashion. The kd and number of maximum binding site of the binding were 5.4 +/- 0.7 X 10(-9) M and 67.9 +/- 5.8 fmol/mg protein, respectively. When compared with the binding to dihydrotestosterone, the Kd for chlormadinone acetate was greater. The number of maximum binding site for chlormadinone acetate was observed to be smaller than that for dihydrotestosterone, but these two values were not different statistically. The binding of chlormadinone acetate was inhibited significantly by the addition of R 1881 or cyproterone acetate. However, dihydrotestosterone revealed itself to be a weak inhibitor of the binding. The cytosol prelabelled with chlormadinone acetate was not bound to the nuclei of the human prostate.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1980

Effect of normal allogeneic lymphoid cell transfer in combination with chemotherapy on a transplantable tumor in rats.

In combination with chemotherapy [ftorafur (FT)], allogeneic lymphoid cells were transferred to inhibit the growth of a 3-methylcholanthrene-induced transplantable KMT-17 fibrosarcoma in Wistar-King-Aptekman/Hok rats. The transference of allogeneic lymphoid cells 4 days after tumor inoculation did not prove effective in inhibiting the growth of the tumor; administration of FT (300 mg/kg) on Day 3 resulted in a 16.7% survival rate. However, a combination of the transfer of cells and administration of FT resulted in an improved effect of 55.0%. A low dose of FT (100 mg/kg) also increased the therapeutic effect in combination with allogeneic lymphoid cell transfer (28.0%). However, a high dose of FT (500 mg/kg) did not increase the therapeutic effect (30.0%), even if combined with allogeneic lymphoid cell transfer on Day 2, 4, 6, or 9, although a high dose of FT administered alone on Day 4 showed a direct antitumor effect (32.0%). This effect was rather diminished when the transfer was combined on Day 2. (7.1%). The differences in the combination effect of doses of FT seem to depend on the immune status of the host induced by treatment with FT. In order to investigate the mechanism of combination timing of FT and allogeneic lymphoid cell transfer, the specific delayed hypersensitivity reaction to KMT-17 tumor was assayed by the radioisotopic footpad method. The specific delayed hypersensitivity reaction was strengthened by an injection of FT (300 mg/kg).

Animals↗