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Biomedical subjects

T Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to T Kodama.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[A case of multiple carcinomas of the colon and rectum associated with ulcerative colitis].

The present paper describes a patient with four independent carcinomas associated with ulcerative colitis. Subtotal colectomy with lymph node dissection was done on June 28, 1978. The operative specimen revealed a carcinoma at the descending colon, two independent cancerous lesions and papillary polyps at the sigmoid colon and a scirrhous, flat elevated neoplasm at the rectum. These carcinomas were surrounded by lesions of various degrees of epithelial dysplasia, suggesting precancerous change. Carcinomas and precancerous lesions were stained for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by the CEA peroxidase antiperoxidase method, which is considered to be useful to discriminate precancerous change from an inflamed mucous membrane.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Internal carotid aneurysmal formation following spontaneous regression of the dural arteriovenous malformation in the posterior fossa--a case report].

The patient was first admitted on August 19, 1975 with 5 years' headache and tinnitus. Physical examination revealed bruit over the left mastoid area. Left angiography, performed in August, 1975, revealed a dural arteriovenous malformation, which was supplied by enlarged left middle meningeal artery, occipital artery, meningohypophyseal artery and superior cerebellar artery and was draining into the left sigmoid sinus. At the first operation, the left external carotid artery was ligated at the neck, and then coagulation of dural vessels was performed through left temporo-occipital craniotomy. Tinnitus and bruit were disappeared after operation. Postoperative right angiogram showed no residual dural AVM, however, ligation of the right external carotid artery was required to reduce symptomes. In June, 1979 the left brachial arteriography was performed, and revealed a dural AVM around the left sigmoid sinus supplied by anastomotic vessels between external carotid artery and cervical artery arising from the vertebral artery. Because of subarachnoid hemorrhage, repeated angiography in April, 1982, revealed progressively enlarging dural AVM, although no aneurysm was seen in the left internal carotid arterial system. The patient readmitted on October, 28, 1983 with severe headache and confusion. CT scan showed slightly high density in the left basal cistern. Angiogram showed no dural AVM and a saccular aneurysm arising from the left internal carotid artery at C2 portion, which was successfully clipped by surgery. Only two cases of spontaneous regression of dural AVM in the posterior fossa were reported previously, and the authors added a case, which showed a newly developed aneurysm after spontaneous regression of the posterior fossa dural AVM.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Large cell carcinoma of the lung associated with marked eosinophilia. A case report.

A case of large cell carcinoma of the lung which produced eosinophil colony stimulating factor and eosinophil chemotactic factor was reported. A 52-year-old Japanese man with a tumor in the left upper lobe of the lung underwent left pneumonectomy. Marked eosinophilia persisted especially after recurrence, with a maximum peripheral leukocyte count of 161,000/mm3, of which 78% consisted of eosinophils. The patient died of pulmonary insufficiency 18 months after surgery. At autopsy, metastatic tumor tissues and almost all organs were markedly infiltrated with eosinophils, especially the spleen, and there was marked proliferation of eosinophils in the bone marrow. Eosinophil colony stimulating factor production by the transplanted tumor in a nude mouse was confirmed by use of a human bone marrow culture assay system. Eosinophil chemotactic factor production by metastatic tumor tissue also was proved by a modified micro-filter technique.

Biological Assay↗
PubMed1984

A direct correlation between the levels of ascorbic acid and H2O2 in aqueous humor.

There is evidence that H2O2 present in aqueous humor arises from ascorbic acid which is also present in this fluid, but the extent to which peroxide is derived from ascorbic acid is not known. We have measured the concentrations of H2O2 and ascorbic acid normally present in the aqueous humor of various species and also under conditions in which the level of ascorbic acid in the fluid was experimentally altered. In aqueous humor of rabbit and guinea pig the concentration of ascorbic acid was 10 times higher than that present in aqueous of rat and frog. Similarly, the concentration of H2O2 was four to 10 times higher in rabbit and guinea pig aqueous compared to that in rat and frog. Consistent with the higher concentration of ascorbic acid in posterior compared to anterior aqueous humor in the rabbit, the concentration of H2O2 was also significantly higher in the posterior aqueous. When ascorbic acid in rabbit aqueous humor was elevated by intraperitoneal administration of the compound, there was a significant increase in the level of H2O2 in both anterior and posterior aqueous humor. Moreover, when the level of ascorbic acid was lowered experimentally by placing guinea pigs on an ascorbic acid deficient diet, a 10-fold decrease in the level of both ascorbic acid and H2O2 was observed in the aqueous humor. Upon returning the animals to a normal diet, the concentrations of both compounds returned to control values. The direct correlation between the concentrations of ascorbic acid and H2O2 in aqueous humor suggests that ascorbic acid is the primary source of H2O2 in this fluid.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of rice and salty rice diets on the structure of mouse stomach.

The effect of rice and salty rice diets on stomach morphology was investigated in Swiss/ICR mice. Mice were fed rice, salty rice, or standard pellet diets for 3-12 months, starting when the mice were 4 weeks of age. Long-term maintenance on the rice or salty rice diet increased the dimension and wet weight of the forestomach and decreased the same parameters of the glandular stomach. Similar bidirectional changes of the forestomach (hypertrophy) and glandular stomach (atrophy) were produced by hydrocortisone treatment. Histological study showed that a reduction in the parietal cell population accounted for the regression of the glandular stomach in both cases. Evidence is presented to suggest that an excess of carbohydrate and sodium chloride combined with a deficiency of fat and protein produced steroidal disorders that in turn gave rise to hyperplasia of the forestomach and atrophy of the glandular stomach of the mice. Possible impact of the above findings on the genesis of human gastric cancer is discussed in relation to the metabolic competence of the host animals to synthesize vitamin C.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Calorimetric studies of the mechanism of the Ca2+-ATPase reaction of sarcoplasmic reticulum.

The ATP hydrolysis catalyzed by sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles prepared from rabbit skeletal muscle was studied at 6 degrees C by microcalorimetry in parallel with measuring the extent of hydrolysis (xi ATP) and the level of the phosphorylated intermediate (E approximately P) of the Ca2+-ATPase (xi EP) in the reaction medium. In order to assign whether the formation or decomposition of E approximately P is responsible for the liberation of protons upon ATP hydrolysis, buffers with different heats of protonation (delta H buffer) were used. They were 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid (MOPS, delta H buffer = -21.0 kJ X mol-1) and 1,3-bis[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]propane (BTP, delta H buffer = -43.4 kJ X mol-1). The apparent heats of the overall ATP hydrolysis coupled to Ca2+ uptake (delta HATP/Ca) in MOPS and BTP were -36.2 and -61.1 kJ X mol-1, respectively. These values together with the values of delta H buffer give an estimate of 1.1 mol of protons released on hydrolysis of 1 mol of ATP coupled to Ca2+ uptake. This H+/ATP ratio is in good agreement with that determined by pH measurement (Kodama, T., Kurebayashi, N., & Ogawa, Y. (1980) J. Biochem. 88, 1259-1265). From the values of observed heat, xi ATP, xi EP, and delta HATP/Ca in MOPS-buffered medium, the heat of E approximately P formation was calculated to be + 56 kJ X mol-1, which was very similar to that obtained for BTP-buffered medium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1984

Six cases of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma simulating fetal lung tubules in pseudoglandular stage. Comparison with pulmonary blastoma.

Six cases of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma resembling fetal lung were studied histologically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally, and compared with three cases of pulmonary blastoma. The six cases had no sarcomatous features, unlike the pulmonary blastoma. Individual tumor cells characteristically possessed clear cytoplasm with plentiful glycogen and were similar to the epithelial cells of the branching tubules in the pseudoglandular stage of the fetal lung, as well as the epithelial component of pulmonary blastoma. They also showed little differentiation toward mucous cells and ciliated cells. Although cells containing endocrine-type granules were not found ultrastructurally, a few tumor cells possessed the characteristics of endocrine cells, i.e., cytoplasm was immunohistochemically reactive with anticalcitonin and antigastrin-releasing peptide. Therefore, this type of adenocarcinoma is considered to have a histogenesis similar to that of pulmonary blastoma and may be a tumor with one-sided development of pulmonary blastoma showing only an epithelial component.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Endobronchial polypoid adenocarcinoma of the lung. Histological and ultrastructural studies of five cases.

Five cases of adenocarcinomas of the lung with predominantly endobronchial polypoid growth in large bronchi were reported. The histology of these cases was well-differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma, the tumor cells of which were columnar (4/5) and cuboidal (1/5). More than 70% of the volume of each tumor grew in the bronchial lumen with neighboring intraepithelial growth. Ultrastructurally the tumor cells were characterized by numerous mitochondria (5/5), some basal bodies (5/5), poorly developed cilia (1/5), and many dilated smooth endoplasmic reticular near the cell surface (2/5); these are features characteristic of ciliated bronchial epithelial cells. There were some mucus-producing cells (3/5), which might be differentiating toward goblet cells. Membrane-bound secretory granules with an electron-dense core or fingerprint appearance were also found (2/5); these resembled Clara cell granules. The above findings suggested that polypoid adenocarcinoma in large bronchi had the ability to differentiate toward bronchial or bronchiolar surface epithelial cells with or without mucus production.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1984

Effects of plasma infusion on plasma lipids, apoproteins and plasma enzyme activities in familial lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency.

The siblings presented here are the third family found in Japan with familial LCAT deficiency. Their post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities were measured selectively by an immunochemical method. Plasma triglyceride levels were elevated, and post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase was decreased only in a patient with nephropathy, while hepatic triglyceride lipase activities were within reference limits in both patients. The plasma concentrations of apo A-I, apo A-II, and apo B were reduced in both patients. On the other hand, the plasma concentration of apo E was markedly increased. Enzyme replacement therapy by plasma transfusion in the propositus resulted in marked improvement of deranged compositions of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Also, improvement of the plasma apo E concentration was demonstrated, while the improvement of post-heparin lipase did not occur. These results suggest that LCAT may play an important physiological role in triglyceride metabolism as well as in cholesterol metabolism.

Apoproteins↗
PubMed1984

Sex steroid-binding protein in a subline of Dunning R 3327 prostatic adenocarcinoma of the rat.

A transplantable tumor CUB-II, a subline derived from the Dunning R 3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma, contains a unique sex steroid-binding protein. The protein possesses binding sites for androgens as well as for estrogens, and the binding affinity to androgen is higher than that to estrogen. The sedimentation coefficient of the protein is 10S. Sodium thiocyanate inhibits the binding to both sex steroids. This type of binding is not present in the 0.4M KC1 extract of nuclei. These results suggest that the binding protein is not the receptor for steroid hormones in spite of its high affinity binding to androgens and estrogens. Since the original tumor does not contain such protein, production of this binding protein seems to take place during culture in vitro and/or serial transplantations of the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

A case of calcitonin producing adenoma of the thyroid.

A thyroid tumor about 4 cm in diameter was removed from a 53-year-old female. The clinical features were those of common thyroid adenomas, such as soft, smooth-surfaced and round contour of the tumor, no calcification and no lymph node metastasis. However, microscopically, the tumor was composed of compact cell nests rather similar to paraganglioma without any follicle formation. Histochemical examination revealed its C-cell nature, such as argyrophilia and calcitonin activity, although no amyloid deposit was demonstrated. Extremely high levels of calcitonin were found in the stored serum taken pre-operatively, but serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels were within normal limits. The calcitonin level dropped to the normal range soon after the operation, indicating the absence of residual tumorous tissues. Thus, the tumor behaves as an adenoma with a C-cell nature. Interestingly enough, the benign counterpart of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid seems to be quite rare in humans, and no similar tumors have ever been reported. Variations of C-cell tumors will be discussed in relation to their production and secretion of carcinoembryonic antigen.

Adenoma↗